本机配置:
jdk1.8、idea2018.2.2、maven3.6.0、tomcat7.0.94
注意修改maven配置文件,设置阿里镜像。
新建项目
创建完之后的项目结构如下图所示:
在java文件下创建4个包,
com.me.bean
:放实体类
com.me.dao
:放数据库连接接口
com.me.service
:放业务层类
com.me.controller
:放控制层类
修改pom.xml文件
<properties>
。。。
</properties>
将下面的内容添加进这对标签中
<!-- spring版本号 -->
<spring.version>5.0.2.RELEASE</spring.version>
<!-- mybatis版本号 -->
<mybatis.version>3.2.6</mybatis.version>
<!-- log4j日志文件管理包版本 -->
<slf4j.version>1.7.7</slf4j.version>
<log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>
<c3p0.version>0.9.5.2</c3p0.version>
<taglibs.version>1.1.2</taglibs.version>
<dependencies>
。。。
</dependencies>
再将下面的内容添加进入dependencies标签中
<!-- spring核心包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-oxm</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- mybatis核心包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>${mybatis.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- mybatis/spring包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
<version>1.2.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 导入java ee jar 包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax</groupId>
<artifactId>javaee-api</artifactId>
<version>7.0</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 导入Mysql数据库链接jar包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.30</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 导入dbcp的jar包,用来在applicationContext.xml中配置数据库 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId>
<version>1.2.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- JSTL标签类 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>jstl</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 日志文件管理包 -->
<!-- log start -->
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>${log4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 数据连接池 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
<artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
<version>${c3p0.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>taglibs</groupId>
<artifactId>standard</artifactId>
<version>${taglibs.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
<version>${slf4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
<version>${slf4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 导入servlet-api/jsp -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet.jsp/javax.servlet.jsp-api -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet.jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>2.3.1</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
添加完之后,项目会从网上下载相应的jar包。稍微等一下
创建数据库
根据数据库写一个bean,来实现一下简单的查。
我这里数据库名:jdbc ;表名:userinfo ;
创建各种类及配置文件
1.在bean包下面添加一个类UeserInfo,三个属性,实现get、set方法。不要带参构造函数!
UserInfo类:
public class UserInfo {
private int id;
private String username;
private String password;
public int getId() { return id; }
public void setId(int id) { this.id = id; }
public String getUsername() { return username; }
public void setUsername(String username) { this.username = username; }
public String getPassword() { return password; }
public void setPassword(String password) { this.password = password; }
@Override
public String toString() {
return "UserInfo{" +
"id=" + id +
", username='" + username + '\'' +
", password='" + password + '\'' +
'}';
}
}
2.在dao包下面新建一个接口IUserDao,定义查询全部的方法。
IUserDao接口:
public interface IUserDao {
public List<UserInfo> findAll();
}
3.在resources文件夹下添加三个文件,applicationContext.xml
,db.properties
,log4j.properties
applicationContext.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.3.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.3.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.3.xsd">
<!-- 1.配置数据库相关参数properties的属性:${url} -->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties"/>
<!-- 2.配置数据源 -->
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
<property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
<property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
<property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
<property name="maxPoolSize" value="30"/>
<property name="minPoolSize" value="2"/>
</bean>
<!-- 3.配置SqlSessionFactory对象 -->
<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<!-- 注入数据库连接池 -->
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
<!-- 扫描bean包 使用别名 -->
<property name="typeAliasesPackage" value="com.me.bean"></property>
<!--配置加载映射文件 UserMapper.xml-->
<property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:mapper/*.xml"/>
</bean>
<!-- 自动生成dao,mapper-->
<!-- 4.配置扫描Dao接口包,动态实现Dao接口,注入到spring容器中 -->
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
<!-- 给出需要扫描Dao接口包 -->
<property name="basePackage" value="com.me.dao"/>
<!-- 注入sqlSessionFactory -->
<property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"/>
</bean>
<!--自动扫描-->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.me"/>
<!-- 配置事务-->
<!-- 5.配置事务管理器 -->
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
</bean>
<!-- 6.开启事务注解-->
<tx:annotation-driven></tx:annotation-driven>
</beans>
在这三个地方注意修改成自己的包结构
db.properties:这是自己的数据库配置,我的数据库名jdbc,账号密码为root。
jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/jdbc?useSSL=true&characterEncoding=utf-8
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=root
log4j.properties:这是日志相关的设置
# Global logging configuration
log4j.rootLogger=DEBUG, stdout
# Console output...
log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%5p [%t] - %m%n
4.在resources文件下创建一个mapper文件夹,在新建的mapper文件夹中创建一个Usermapper.xml文件。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd" >
<mapper namespace="com.me.dao.IUserDao" >
<select id="findAll" resultType="com.me.bean.UserInfo">
select * from userinfo
</select>
</mapper>
这个和创建一个类实现IUserDao接口的效果是一样的。
namespace的值填要实现的接口,注意写全包名。
<mapper namespace="com.me.dao.IUserDao" >
<select id="findAll" resultType="com.me.bean.UserInfo">
select * from userinfo
</select>
id 是要实现的接口方法
resultType 是返回的类型
select 中间只需要填写一个获得结果的sql语句
这也就不用写复杂的建立连接,执行sql,处理结果,关闭连接等一系列复杂的东西。
5.在service包下建一个IUserService接口
IUserService接口:
public interface IUserService {
public List<UserInfo> findAll();
}
6.在建一个impl包,放接口的实现类UserService
UserService类:
@Service
public class UserService implements IUserService {
@Autowired
private IUserDao userDao;
@Override
public List<UserInfo> findAll() {
return userDao.findAll();
}
}
这里有两个注解@Service
和@Autowired
@Autowired 使用配置文件自动装配对象,这里的userDao并没有new一个对象,使用注解自动注入
@Service 类加上service注解,加入到扫描路径,可以被配置文件扫描到,可以注册到Spring容器
7.完成之后在controller包下添加一个UserController类
@Controller
//@Controller 标记一个类是Controller ,
// 然后使用@RequestMapping 和@RequestParam 等一些注解用以定义URL 请求和Controller 方法之间的映射,
// 这样的Controller 就能被外界访问到。
@RequestMapping("/user")
//设置一级路径
public class UserController {
@Autowired
private IUserService userService;
@RequestMapping("/findAll.do")
//设置2及路径 加 .do说明是请求
public ModelAndView findAll(){
List<UserInfo> all = userService.findAll(); //从service获取数据
ModelAndView mad = new ModelAndView(); //创建ModelAndView
//给ModelAndView 添加数据,键值对形式 键: userinfos 值:all (获取的数据)
mad.addObject("userinfos",all);
mad.setViewName("allUser"); //数据传送目的地
return mad;
}
}
8. 在resources文件下创建一个spring-mvc.xml文件,注意注解扫描位置的路径
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.3.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.3.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.3.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.3.xsd">
<!-- 1.注解扫描位置-->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.me.controller" />
<!-- 2.配置映射处理和适配器-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerMapping"/>
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter"/>
<!-- 3.视图的解析器-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<!--前面加上jsp-->
<property name="prefix" value="/jsp/" />
<!--后面加上jsp后缀-->
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
</bean>
</beans>
9.修改webapp -> WEB-INF 下的web.xml文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
version="3.1">
<!-- 配置加载类路径的配置文件 -->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath*:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<!-- 配置监听器 -->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.request.RequestContextListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- 解决中文乱码过滤器 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<!-- 前端控制器(加载classpath:spring-mvc.xml 服务器启动创建servlet) -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<!-- 配置初始化参数,创建完DispatcherServlet对象,加载springmvc.xml配置文件 -->
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<!-- 服务器启动的时候,让DispatcherServlet对象创建 -->
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
10.webapp下添加一个jsp文件,里面添加一个allUser.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8" isELIgnored="false"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>user列表</title>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<!-- 引入 Bootstrap -->
<link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<div class="row clearfix">
<div class="col-md-12 column">
<div class="page-header">
<h1>
基于SSM框架的管理系统:简单实现增、删、改、查。
</h1>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row clearfix">
<div class="col-md-12 column">
<div class="page-header">
<h1>
<small>用户列表 —— 显示所有用户</small>
</h1>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-4 column">
<a class="btn btn-primary" href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/toAddUser.do">新增</a>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row clearfix">
<div class="col-md-12 column">
<table class="table table-hover table-striped">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>id</th>
<th>用户名</th>
<th>密码</th>
<th>操作</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<c:forEach items="${userinfos}" var="userInfo">
<tr>
<td>${userInfo.id}</td>
<td>${userInfo.username}</td>
<td>${userInfo.password}</td>
<td>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/toUpdate.do?id=${userInfo.id}">更改</a> |
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/delete.do?id=${userInfo.id}">删除</a>
</td>
</tr>
</c:forEach>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</body>
在index.jsp中添加一个跳转链接
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/findAll.do">查询所有</a>
如果有中文乱码,在文件开头加上
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8" pageEncoding="utf-8" %>
11.启动tomcat运行
展开Templates,在下面找到Tomcat Server,展开,点Local
设置好之后全部确定保存,最后在index.jsp页面右键 -> 运行
跳转运行成功读取数据库信息