这个问题严格来说是肯定有的，kafka只能保证分区内的有序性。

下面是kafka作者Jay Kreps的blog中介绍kafka设计思想的一段话。

Each partition is a totally ordered log, but there is no global ordering between partitions (other than perhaps some wall-clock time you might include in your messages). The assignment of the messages to a particular partition is controllable by the writer, with most users choosing to partition by some kind of key (e.g. user id). Partitioning allows log appends to occur without co-ordination between shards and allows the throughput of the system to scale linearly with the Kafka cluster size.

针对部分消息有序（message.key相同的message要保证消费顺序）场景，可以在producer往kafka插入数据时控制，同一key分发到同一partition上面。

kafka源码如下，支持该方式