kubernetes部署dashboard

1. 简介

Dashboard 是基于网页的 Kubernetes 用户界面。你可以使用 Dashboard 将容器应用部署到 Kubernetes 集群中，也可以对容器应用排错，还能管理集群资源。你可以使用 Dashboard 获取运行在集群中的应用的概览信息，也可以创建或者修改 Kubernetes 资源（如 Deployment、Job、DaemonSet 等等）。例如，你可以对 Deployment 实现弹性伸缩、发起滚动升级、重启 Pod 或者使用向导创建新的应用。

Dashboard 同时展示了 Kubernetes 集群中的资源状态信息和所有报错信息。

2. 版本兼容性

k8s和dashboard版本存在兼容性关系，版本配套可以到下面的网页查询：https://github.com/kubernetes/dashboard/releases/

以下是部分配套关系：

Kubernetes version	dashboard version	备注
1.18	v2.0.0	完全支持
1.19	v2.0.4	完全支持
1.20	v2.4.0	完全支持
1.21	v2.4.0	完全支持
1.23	v2.5.0	完全支持
1.24	v2.6.0	完全支持
1.25	v2.7.0	完全支持
1.27	v3.0.0-alpha0	完全支持
1.29	kubernetes-dashboard-7.5.0	完全支持

本文使用的k8s版本为1.23，使用dashboard v2.5.0版本部署。

3. 安装

kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/dashboard/v2.5.0/aio/deploy/recommended.yaml

如果yaml无法下载，可以手动打开网页拷贝到文件中。以下是v2.5.0版本文件内容。

# Copyright 2017 The Kubernetes Authors.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.

apiVersion: v1
kind: Namespace
metadata:
  name: kubernetes-dashboard

---

apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard

---

kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
spec:
  ports:
    - port: 443
      targetPort: 8443
  selector:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard

---

apiVersion: v1
kind: Secret
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
type: Opaque

---

apiVersion: v1
kind: Secret
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard-csrf
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
type: Opaque
data:
  csrf: ""

---

apiVersion: v1
kind: Secret
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard-key-holder
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
type: Opaque

---

kind: ConfigMap
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard-settings
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard

---

kind: Role
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
rules:
  # Allow Dashboard to get, update and delete Dashboard exclusive secrets.
  - apiGroups: [""]
    resources: ["secrets"]
    resourceNames: ["kubernetes-dashboard-key-holder", "kubernetes-dashboard-certs", "kubernetes-dashboard-csrf"]
    verbs: ["get", "update", "delete"]
    # Allow Dashboard to get and update 'kubernetes-dashboard-settings' config map.
  - apiGroups: [""]
    resources: ["configmaps"]
    resourceNames: ["kubernetes-dashboard-settings"]
    verbs: ["get", "update"]
    # Allow Dashboard to get metrics.
  - apiGroups: [""]
    resources: ["services"]
    resourceNames: ["heapster", "dashboard-metrics-scraper"]
    verbs: ["proxy"]
  - apiGroups: [""]
    resources: ["services/proxy"]
    resourceNames: ["heapster", "http:heapster:", "https:heapster:", "dashboard-metrics-scraper", "http:dashboard-metrics-scraper"]
    verbs: ["get"]

---

kind: ClusterRole
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
rules:
  # Allow Metrics Scraper to get metrics from the Metrics server
  - apiGroups: ["metrics.k8s.io"]
    resources: ["pods", "nodes"]
    verbs: ["get", "list", "watch"]

---

apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: RoleBinding
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: Role
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
subjects:
  - kind: ServiceAccount
    name: kubernetes-dashboard
    namespace: kubernetes-dashboard

---

apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
subjects:
  - kind: ServiceAccount
    name: kubernetes-dashboard
    namespace: kubernetes-dashboard

---

kind: Deployment
apiVersion: apps/v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
spec:
  replicas: 1
  revisionHistoryLimit: 10
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
    spec:
      securityContext:
        seccompProfile:
          type: RuntimeDefault
      containers:
        - name: kubernetes-dashboard
          image: kubernetesui/dashboard:v2.5.0
          imagePullPolicy: Always
          ports:
            - containerPort: 8443
              protocol: TCP
          args:
            - --auto-generate-certificates
            - --namespace=kubernetes-dashboard
            # Uncomment the following line to manually specify Kubernetes API server Host
            # If not specified, Dashboard will attempt to auto discover the API server and connect
            # to it. Uncomment only if the default does not work.
            # - --apiserver-host=http://my-address:port
          volumeMounts:
            - name: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
              mountPath: /certs
              # Create on-disk volume to store exec logs
            - mountPath: /tmp
              name: tmp-volume
          livenessProbe:
            httpGet:
              scheme: HTTPS
              path: /
              port: 8443
            initialDelaySeconds: 30
            timeoutSeconds: 30
          securityContext:
            allowPrivilegeEscalation: false
            readOnlyRootFilesystem: true
            runAsUser: 1001
            runAsGroup: 2001
      volumes:
        - name: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
          secret:
            secretName: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
        - name: tmp-volume
          emptyDir: {}
      serviceAccountName: kubernetes-dashboard
      nodeSelector:
        "kubernetes.io/os": linux
      # Comment the following tolerations if Dashboard must not be deployed on master
      tolerations:
        - key: node-role.kubernetes.io/master
          effect: NoSchedule

---

kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: dashboard-metrics-scraper
  name: dashboard-metrics-scraper
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
spec:
  ports:
    - port: 8000
      targetPort: 8000
  selector:
    k8s-app: dashboard-metrics-scraper

---

kind: Deployment
apiVersion: apps/v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: dashboard-metrics-scraper
  name: dashboard-metrics-scraper
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
spec:
  replicas: 1
  revisionHistoryLimit: 10
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      k8s-app: dashboard-metrics-scraper
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        k8s-app: dashboard-metrics-scraper
    spec:
      securityContext:
        seccompProfile:
          type: RuntimeDefault
      containers:
        - name: dashboard-metrics-scraper
          image: kubernetesui/metrics-scraper:v1.0.7
          ports:
            - containerPort: 8000
              protocol: TCP
          livenessProbe:
            httpGet:
              scheme: HTTP
              path: /
              port: 8000
            initialDelaySeconds: 30
            timeoutSeconds: 30
          volumeMounts:
          - mountPath: /tmp
            name: tmp-volume
          securityContext:
            allowPrivilegeEscalation: false
            readOnlyRootFilesystem: true
            runAsUser: 1001
            runAsGroup: 2001
      serviceAccountName: kubernetes-dashboard
      nodeSelector:
        "kubernetes.io/os": linux
      # Comment the following tolerations if Dashboard must not be deployed on master
      tolerations:
        - key: node-role.kubernetes.io/master
          effect: NoSchedule
      volumes:
        - name: tmp-volume
          emptyDir: {}

确保dashboard容器运行正常：

[root@k8s ~]# kubectl get pod -A
NAMESPACE              NAME                                         READY   STATUS    RESTARTS         AGE
default                nginx-6799fc88d8-lxqvx                       1/1     Running   2 (3m53s ago)    3h1m
kube-flannel           kube-flannel-ds-7rfqc                        1/1     Running   10 (2m12s ago)   3d21h
kube-system            coredns-6d8c4cb4d-8sfdr                      1/1     Running   3 (2m8s ago)     178m
kube-system            coredns-6d8c4cb4d-vw7nz                      1/1     Running   4 (113s ago)     178m
kube-system            etcd-k8s                                     1/1     Running   4 (2m13s ago)    170m
kube-system            kube-apiserver-k8s                           1/1     Running   4 (2m3s ago)     170m
kube-system            kube-controller-manager-k8s                  1/1     Running   3 (2m13s ago)    169m
kube-system            kube-proxy-97l68                             1/1     Running   3 (2m13s ago)    178m
kube-system            kube-scheduler-k8s                           1/1     Running   4 (2m13s ago)    170m
kubernetes-dashboard   dashboard-metrics-scraper-799d786dbf-rpcft   1/1     Running   3 (2m13s ago)    156m
kubernetes-dashboard   kubernetes-dashboard-546cbc58cd-2wcrz        1/1     Running   0                156m

4. 访问配置

4.1 开启远程访问

dashboard service默认为ClusterIP，需要配置为NodePort，外部才能访问。

[root@k8s ~]# kubectl get svc -A
NAMESPACE              NAME                        TYPE        CLUSTER-IP      EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)                  AGE
default                kubernetes                  ClusterIP   10.96.0.1       <none>        443/TCP                  3d22h
default                nginx                       NodePort    10.109.172.88   <none>        80:32409/TCP             3d22h
kube-system            kube-dns                    ClusterIP   10.96.0.10      <none>        53/UDP,53/TCP,9153/TCP   3d22h
kubernetes-dashboard   dashboard-metrics-scraper   ClusterIP   10.102.9.117    <none>        8000/TCP                 175m
kubernetes-dashboard   kubernetes-dashboard        ClusterIP   10.97.21.53     <none>        443/TCP                  175m

修改svc改为NodePort类型：

[root@k8s ~]# kubectl edit service kubernetes-dashboard -n kubernetes-dashboard
[root@k8s ~]# kubectl get svc -A
NAMESPACE              NAME                        TYPE        CLUSTER-IP      EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)                  AGE
default                kubernetes                  ClusterIP   10.96.0.1       <none>        443/TCP                  3d22h
default                nginx                       NodePort    10.109.172.88   <none>        80:32409/TCP             3d22h
kube-system            kube-dns                    ClusterIP   10.96.0.10      <none>        53/UDP,53/TCP,9153/TCP   3d22h
kubernetes-dashboard   dashboard-metrics-scraper   ClusterIP   10.102.9.117    <none>        8000/TCP                 3h34m
kubernetes-dashboard   kubernetes-dashboard        NodePort    10.97.21.53     <none>        443:31930/TCP            3h34m

这个时候就可以通过节点IP+31930端口访问dashboard了。dashboard需要使用https访问，自带的证书在最新的chrome、edge浏览器中不受信，切界面无法手动进行确认继续。使用firefox访问可以在界面操作确认继续。

备注：

在较新版本的 Chrome或Edge 中访问一些未受信任的 HTTPS 页面时，会提示类似 NET::ERR_CERT_INVALID 的错误。以往旧版本中，我们可以选择跳过得以继续访问，但是新版本的 Chrome 中并不允许继续。当出现 “您的连接不是私密” 页面时，点击高级后，并直接输入 thisisunsafe 关键字并回车。

4.2 配置访问认证

dashboard 支持Token和Kubeconfig两种认证方式进行登录。

4.2.1 Token认证

创建Service Account 及 ClusterRoleBinding，创建auth.yaml文件，内容如下：

apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  name: kubernetes-admin
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
  name: kubernetes-admin
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: cluster-admin
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
  name: kubernetes-admin
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard

创建对应的资源：kubectl apply -f auth.yaml

获取访问所需要的Token：

[root@k8s ~]# kubectl -n kubernetes-dashboard describe secret $(kubectl -n kubernetes-dashboard get secret | grep kubernetes-admin | awk '{print $1}')
Name:         admin-user-token-khrll
Namespace:    kubernetes-dashboard
Labels:       <none>
Annotations:  kubernetes.io/service-account.name: admin-user
              kubernetes.io/service-account.uid: 266c923b-ed2f-471b-a8fc-1dde3cc10205

Type:  kubernetes.io/service-account-token

Data
====
ca.crt:     1099 bytes
namespace:  20 bytes
token:      eyJhbGciOiJSUzI1NiIsImtpZCI6InloSUtPM3R6cG9xVnkzNEx5STBmaTctRDRkWE9jX0Zfa0tKVjlBY3hhY2sifQ.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.nYgOBdscFaO3_JUHAC3hX5F-4Imx4RFAu1UA05tbufI6VgR5npJHPBCriNkseo02qaSsjlBwr7slzUcIALC4F16oTVrVHuuPMPSaqrqi-VjoEdd_ZB7vbX6qH7KbAabzmwW966PoXwOiARjraU2CMTmA9dFfk4MkSiwrySUxNUrwQ02isPMDIUxeF5RGESXff7kBzgNFkhwdEuLopmK9k6i0CyuM2ns3TpMO_2TcBlPkDViag1JxixatBJuz9x-OJS-Tnt5A1pmc9J-76MSH7fTRHu3sim2RIPq29QV5EXc4kwyAxha6fnNC3aCTiU9nsDR6E24qYK70ULJKVGxxIQ

4.2.2 kubeconfig认证

如果是使用kubeadmin部署的集群，默认会在下面路径生成一个kubeconfig文件：/etc/kubernetes/admin.conf，下载该文件并编辑，在该文件将上面的toekn加入文件末尾。

apiVersion: v1
clusters:
- cluster:
    certificate-authority-data: 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
    server: https://192.168.0.159:6443
  name: kubernetes
contexts:
- context:
    cluster: kubernetes
    user: kubernetes-admin
  name: kubernetes-admin@kubernetes
current-context: kubernetes-admin@kubernetes
kind: Config
preferences: {}
users:
- name: kubernetes-admin
  user:
    client-certificate-data: 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
    client-key-data: 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
    token: eyJhbGciOiJSUzI1NiIsImtpZCI6InloSUtPM3R6cG9xVnkzNEx5STBmaTctRDRkWE9jX0Zfa0tKVjlBY3hhY2sifQ.eyJpc3MiOiJrdWJlcm5ldGVzL3NlcnZpY2VhY2NvdW50Iiwia3ViZXJuZXRlcy5pby9zZXJ2aWNlYWNjb3VudC9uYW1lc3BhY2UiOiJrdWJlcm5ldGVzLWRhc2hib2FyZCIsImt1YmVybmV0ZXMuaW8vc2VydmljZWFjY291bnQvc2VjcmV0Lm5hbWUiOiJrdWJlcm5ldGVzLWFkbWluLXRva2VuLTc4NWN0Iiwia3ViZXJuZXRlcy5pby9zZXJ2aWNlYWNjb3VudC9zZXJ2aWNlLWFjY291bnQubmFtZSI6Imt1YmVybmV0ZXMtYWRtaW4iLCJrdWJlcm5ldGVzLmlvL3NlcnZpY2VhY2NvdW50L3NlcnZpY2UtYWNjb3VudC51aWQiOiJmMjA2YzUyOC1iMzkyLTQzNDItOWU1Ny02ZjM2YjRkZjgyZWYiLCJzdWIiOiJzeXN0ZW06c2VydmljZWFjY291bnQ6a3ViZXJuZXRlcy1kYXNoYm9hcmQ6a3ViZXJuZXRlcy1hZG1pbiJ9.FvL4BtAbTGlBZfQcY72AnI2ynBswv7Ug12jczmRoGp1iSRLYPT9kmyEkT13SuggWxxuEDvwwwelgHZ5x6WOO6jSeqCyPwPoojVhszvd56gmiVs2g6Rlqpe2ZCNHY4UXcWg7XXF3FpoLv-760XgxAxy6DHFy_4D31el-DRVn-R3Qy-ji4a7wukQWTBpXo2DY-_ZWBpOeVPX6qjaRTEodBNve8_YU9rOA3HMH380jtfAyoBfT5igCED-15gNilj-IdoCEJWO3mersSzi_HY9OunOqs5ADuhCtdCMSMKUFibSyt_6qkRxvD7ws0d74rCZ2VUKzFMalX9yZ4i0n5sGlAsA

然后登录dashboard选择下载的kubeconfig文件即可进行登录。

5. 参考资料

artifacthub：https://artifacthub.io/packages/helm/k8s-dashboard/kubernetes-dashboard
github仓库：https://github.com/kubernetes/dashboard
部署和访问 Kubernetes 仪表板（Dashboard）：https://kubernetes.io/zh-cn/docs/tasks/access-application-cluster/web-ui-dashboard/