创建一个基于SSM的旅游资源网站

创建一个基于SSM（Spring + Spring MVC + MyBatis）框架的旅游资源网站是一个涉及多个步骤的过程。以下是一个详细的开发指南，包括项目结构、数据库设计、配置文件、Mapper接口、Service层、Controller层和前端页面的示例。

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1. 需求分析

明确网站的功能需求，例如：

用户注册与登录
旅游景点信息发布
旅游景点搜索与筛选
订单管理
用户评论系统
管理员管理功能

2. 技术选型

确定使用的技术栈：

后端：Spring, Spring MVC, MyBatis
前端：HTML, CSS, JavaScript (可选框架如Vue.js或React.js)
数据库：MySQL
服务器：Tomcat

3. 数据库设计

设计数据库模型，比如用户表、景点表、订单表等。这里以用户表和景点表为例：

CREATE TABLE `user` (
  `id` INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
  `username` VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL UNIQUE,
  `password` VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,
  `email` VARCHAR(100),
  `phone` VARCHAR(20),
  `created_at` DATETIME DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
);

CREATE TABLE `attraction` (
  `id` INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
  `name` VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
  `description` TEXT,
  `location` VARCHAR(255),
  `price` DECIMAL(10, 2),
  `image_url` VARCHAR(255),
  `created_at` DATETIME DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
);

CREATE TABLE `order` (
  `id` INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
  `user_id` INT NOT NULL,
  `attraction_id` INT NOT NULL,
  `quantity` INT NOT NULL,
  `total_price` DECIMAL(10, 2),
  `status` VARCHAR(50),
  `created_at` DATETIME DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
  FOREIGN KEY (`user_id`) REFERENCES `user`(`id`),
  FOREIGN KEY (`attraction_id`) REFERENCES `attraction`(`id`)
);

4. 创建项目结构

使用IDE（如IntelliJ IDEA或Eclipse）创建一个新的Maven项目，并添加必要的依赖项到pom.xml文件中。

5. 配置Spring和MyBatis

在src/main/resources目录下创建配置文件，如applicationContext.xml和mybatis-config.xml，用于配置Spring和MyBatis。

`applicationContext.xml` 示例

<bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
    <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"/>
    <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/tourism?useSSL=false&serverTimezone=UTC"/>
    <property name="username" value="root"/>
    <property name="password" value="password"/>
</bean>

<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
    <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
    <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"/>
</bean>

<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
    <property name="basePackage" value="com.tourism.mapper"/>
</bean>

6. 编写Mapper接口

定义MyBatis的Mapper接口来操作数据库。例如，为用户表和景点表创建UserMapper.java和AttractionMapper.java：

`UserMapper.java`

package com.tourism.mapper;

import com.tourism.entity.User;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.*;

@Mapper
public interface UserMapper {
    @Select("SELECT * FROM user WHERE username = #{username}")
    User findByUsername(@Param("username") String username);

    @Insert("INSERT INTO user(username, password, email, phone) VALUES(#{username}, #{password}, #{email}, #{phone})")
    int insert(User user);
}

`AttractionMapper.java`

package com.tourism.mapper;

import com.tourism.entity.Attraction;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.*;

@Mapper
public interface AttractionMapper {
    @Select("SELECT * FROM attraction")
    List<Attraction> findAll();

    @Select("SELECT * FROM attraction WHERE id = #{id}")
    Attraction findById(@Param("id") int id);

    @Insert("INSERT INTO attraction(name, description, location, price, image_url) VALUES(#{name}, #{description}, #{location}, #{price}, #{image_url})")
    int insert(Attraction attraction);
}

7. 实现Service层

编写服务层来处理业务逻辑。例如，创建一个UserService.java和AttractionService.java：

`UserService.java`

package com.tourism.service;

import com.tourism.entity.User;
import com.tourism.mapper.UserMapper;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

@Service
public class UserService {
    @Autowired
    private UserMapper userMapper;

    public User login(String username, String password) {
        User user = userMapper.findByUsername(username);
        if (user != null && user.getPassword().equals(password)) {
            return user;
        }
        return null;
    }

    public void register(User user) {
        userMapper.insert(user);
    }
}

`AttractionService.java`

package com.tourism.service;

import com.tourism.entity.Attraction;
import com.tourism.mapper.AttractionMapper;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import java.util.List;

@Service
public class AttractionService {
    @Autowired
    private AttractionMapper attractionMapper;

    public List<Attraction> getAllAttractions() {
        return attractionMapper.findAll();
    }

    public Attraction getAttractionById(int id) {
        return attractionMapper.findById(id);
    }

    public void addAttraction(Attraction attraction) {
        attractionMapper.insert(attraction);
    }
}

8. 控制器层

使用Spring MVC编写控制器来处理HTTP请求。例如，创建一个UserController.java和AttractionController.java：

`UserController.java`

package com.tourism.controller;

import com.tourism.entity.User;
import com.tourism.service.UserService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {
    @Autowired
    private UserService userService;

    @PostMapping("/login")
    public String login(@RequestParam("username") String username, @RequestParam("password") String password) {
        User user = userService.login(username, password);
        if (user != null) {
            // 登录成功后的处理
            return "redirect:/home";
        } else {
            // 登录失败后的处理
            return "login";
        }
    }

    @PostMapping("/register")
    public String register(@ModelAttribute User user) {
        userService.register(user);
        return "redirect:/login";
    }
}

`AttractionController.java`

package com.tourism.controller;

import com.tourism.entity.Attraction;
import com.tourism.service.AttractionService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;

import java.util.List;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/attraction")
public class AttractionController {
    @Autowired
    private AttractionService attractionService;

    @GetMapping("/list")
    public String listAttractions(Model model) {
        List<Attraction> attractions = attractionService.getAllAttractions();
        model.addAttribute("attractions", attractions);
        return "attractionList";
    }

    @GetMapping("/view/{id}")
    public String viewAttraction(@PathVariable("id") int id, Model model) {
        Attraction attraction = attractionService.getAttractionById(id);
        model.addAttribute("attraction", attraction);
        return "attractionView";
    }

    @GetMapping("/add")
    public String showAddForm(Model model) {
        model.addAttribute("attraction", new Attraction());
        return "attractionAdd";
    }

    @PostMapping("/add")
    public String addAttraction(@ModelAttribute Attraction attraction) {
        attractionService.addAttraction(attraction);
        return "redirect:/attraction/list";
    }
}

9. 前端页面

根据需要设计前端页面，可以使用Thymeleaf作为模板引擎。例如，创建一个简单的登录页面login.html和景点列表页面attractionList.html：

`login.html`

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
    <title>Login Page</title>
</head>
<body>
<form th:action="@{/user/login}" method="post">
    <label>Username:</label><input type="text" name="username"/><br/>
    <label>Password:</label><input type="password" name="password"/><br/>
    <button type="submit">Login</button>
</form>
</body>
</html>

`attractionList.html`

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
    <title>Attraction List</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Attraction List</h1>
<table border="1">
    <tr>
        <th>ID</th>
        <th>Name</th>
        <th>Description</th>
        <th>Location</th>
        <th>Price</th>
        <th>Image URL</th>
    </tr>
    <tr th:each="attraction : ${attractions}">
        <td th:text="${attraction.id}"></td>
        <td th:text="${attraction.name}"></td>
        <td th:text="${attraction.description}"></td>
        <td th:text="${attraction.location}"></td>
        <td th:text="${attraction.price}"></td>
        <td><img th:src="${attraction.image_url}" width="100"/></td>
    </tr>
</table>
<a href="/attraction/add">Add New Attraction</a>
</body>
</html>

10. 测试与部署

完成所有编码后，进行单元测试确保各部分工作正常。之后，可以将应用部署到Tomcat服务器上。