前言：

本文以连接SQLite为例进行代码演示

一、首先建立里一个模型类

   public class MyData
   {
       public int id { get; set; }
       public string name { get; set; }
       public int age { get; set; }
       public string sex { get; set; }
       public string address { get; set; }
   }

二、封装一个连接SQLite方法，并返回BindingList集合用于DataGridView使用

 private static readonly object _lock = new object();//确保线程安全

 public static BindingList<MyData> GetData(string sql, int offset, int limit)
 {
     lock (_lock)
     {
         // 创建一个BindingList来保存查询结果  
         BindingList<MyData> dataList = new BindingList<MyData>();

         // 使用SQLiteConnection打开数据库连接  
         using (SQLiteConnection connection = new SQLiteConnection(connectionString))
         {
             connection.Open();
             using (SQLiteCommand command = new SQLiteCommand(sql, connection))
             {
                 // 添加分页的查询语句
                 command.CommandText = sql + " LIMIT @limit OFFSET @offset";
                 command.Parameters.AddWithValue("@limit", limit);
                 command.Parameters.AddWithValue("@offset", offset);
                 using (SQLiteDataReader reader = command.ExecuteReader())
                 {
                     while (reader.Read())
                     {
                         // 读取数据库中的每一行数据，并将其添加到BindingList
                         MyData data = new MyData
                         {
                             id = reader.GetInt32(0),
                             name = reader.IsDBNull(1) ? "N/A" : reader.GetString(1),
                             age = reader.IsDBNull(2) ? 0 : reader.GetInt32(2),
                             sex = reader.IsDBNull(3) ? "N/A" : reader.GetString(3),
                             address = reader.IsDBNull(4) ? "N/A" : reader.GetString(4)
                         };
                         dataList.Add(data);
                     }
                 }
             }
         }
         return dataList;
     }
 }

三、数据展示（查、改，删、增）

  public static void BindDataGridView(DataGridView dataGridView)
  {
      // 计算偏移量，偏移量 = (当前页 - 1) * 每页条数
      int offset = (currentPage - 1) * pageSize;

      // SQL查询语句
      string sql = "SELECT * FROM ceshi Where Status!='-1'";
      // 获取数据并绑定到DataGridView
      BindingList<MyData> dataList = GetData(sql, offset, pageSize);
   }

 public static void SQLUPDATE(MyData data, string sql, DataGridView dataGridView)
 {
     var bindingList = dataGridView.DataSource as BindingList<MyData>;
     if (bindingList != null)
     {
         // 找到要修改的项
         var dataToEdit = bindingList.FirstOrDefault(d => d.id == data.id);
         if (dataToEdit != null)
         {
             // 更新BindingList中的数据
             dataToEdit.name = data.name;
             dataToEdit.age = data.age;
             dataToEdit.sex = data.sex;
             dataToEdit.address = data.address;
             using (SQLiteConnection connection = new SQLiteConnection(connectionString))
             {
                 connection.Open();
                 // 创建SQLite命令对象
                 using (SQLiteCommand command = new SQLiteCommand(sql, connection))
                 {
                     // 执行更新操作
                     command.ExecuteNonQuery();
                 }
             }

             dataGridView.Refresh();
         }
     }
 }

 public static void SQLDelete(int id, DataGridView dataGridView)
 {
     var bindingList = dataGridView.DataSource as BindingList<MyData>;
     if (bindingList != null)
     {
         var itemToDelete = bindingList.FirstOrDefault(d => d.id == id);
         if (itemToDelete != null)
         {
             bindingList.Remove(itemToDelete); // 从BindingList中移除
             using (SQLiteConnection connection = new SQLiteConnection(connectionString))
             {
                 connection.Open();

                 // 删除SQL语句
                 string sql = "UPDATE ceshi set Status='-1'  WHERE id = @id";

                 // 创建SQLite命令对象
                 using (SQLiteCommand command = new SQLiteCommand(sql, connection))
                 {
                     // 添加参数
                     command.Parameters.AddWithValue("@id", id);

                     // 执行删除操作
                     command.ExecuteNonQuery();
                 }
             }
             BindDataGridView(dataGridView);
         }
     }
 }

 public static void SQLAdd(MyData data, string sql, DataGridView dataGridView)
 {
     // 将新数据项添加到BindingList中
     var bindingList = dataGridView.DataSource as BindingList<MyData>;
     if (bindingList != null)
     {
         bindingList.Add(data); // 添加新数据
     }
     using (SQLiteConnection connection = new SQLiteConnection(connectionString))
     {
         connection.Open();
         // 创建SQLite命令对象
         using (SQLiteCommand command = new SQLiteCommand(sql, connection))
         {
             // 执行插入操作
             command.ExecuteNonQuery();
             // 获取插入数据的自增ID
             long newId = connection.LastInsertRowId;

             data.id = (int)newId; // 返回自增的ID
         }
         BindDataGridView(dataGridView);
     }
 }

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