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Azure主机windows2008就地升级十步

Azure上云主机的windows2008系统需要进行就地升级。
按着微软的升级路径:win2008-->win2012-->win2016-->win2022

第一步:创建快照备份,防止升级失败
第二步:升级托管磁盘,在VM管理的地方将磁盘升级成托管磁盘,注意此过程是不可逆的。
第三步:创建升级介质磁盘
打开Portal上的cloud shell,结果是一片黑屏,没有任何命令行显示,切换到浏览器无痕模式重新登录,OK.

按微软提供的命令行,修改$sku = "server2012Upgrade",拷贝粘贴到了cloud shell中执行。
#
# Customer specific parameters

# Resource group of the source VM
$resourceGroup = "WindowsServerUpgrades"

# Location of the source VM
$location = "WestUS2"

# Zone of the source VM, if any
$zone = ""

# Disk name for the that will be created
$diskName = "WindowsServer2012UpgradeDisk"

# Target version for the upgrade - must be either server2022Upgrade, server2019Upgrade, server2016Upgrade or server2012Upgrade
$sku = "server2012Upgrade"

# Common parameters

$publisher = "MicrosoftWindowsServer"
$offer = "WindowsServerUpgrade"
$managedDiskSKU = "Standard_LRS"

#
# Get the latest version of the special (hidden) VM Image from the Azure Marketplace

$versions = Get-AzVMImage -PublisherName $publisher -Location $location -Offer $offer -Skus $sku | sort-object -Descending {[version] $_.Version    }
$latestString = $versions[0].Version

# Get the special (hidden) VM Image from the Azure Marketplace by version - the image is used to create a disk to upgrade to the new version

$image = Get-AzVMImage -Location $location -PublisherName $publisher -Offer $offer -Skus $sku -Version $latestString

#
# Create Resource Group if it doesn't exist
#

if (-not (Get-AzResourceGroup -Name $resourceGroup -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue)) {
    New-AzResourceGroup -Name $resourceGroup -Location $location    
}

#
# Create Managed Disk from LUN 0
#

if ($zone){
    $diskConfig = New-AzDiskConfig -SkuName $managedDiskSKU -CreateOption FromImage -Zone $zone -Location $location
} else {
    $diskConfig = New-AzDiskConfig -SkuName $managedDiskSKU -CreateOption FromImage -Location $location
}

Set-AzDiskImageReference -Disk $diskConfig -Id $image.Id -Lun 0

New-AzDisk -ResourceGroupName $resourceGroup -DiskName $diskName -Disk $diskConfig

成功创建介质
Name                         : WindowsServer2012UpgradeDisk

附加升级安装介质到VM,结果发现找不到这个盘,仔细比对发现,原来里面还有一个地方要修改和VM实际环境一致,$location = "WestUS",在资源中删除刚才生成的安装介质,重新运行命令创建介质。

第五步:升级windows2012
在VM中附加安装介质盘成功。
运行安装升级:
PS E:\Windows Server 2012> .\setup.exe

安装出现问题:
提示:
1.Active Directory on this domain controller does not contain Windows Server 2012 ADPREP /FORESTPREP updates
2.These devices might not work properly in Windows. We recommend updating the drivers for these devices before you continue. 
System devices: Microsoft Hyper-V S3 Cap 

在E:\Windows Server 2012\resource下面没有找到ADPREP,在E:\Windows Server 2012\support\adprep>adprep /forestprep中搜索找到
E:\Windows Server 2012\support\adprep>adprep /forestprep
执行结果:
Adprep failed to verify whether schema master has completed a replication cycle
after last reboot.
[Status/Consequence]
The schema is not upgraded.
[User Action]
Check the log file ADPrep.log in the C:\Windows\debug\adprep\logs\20241217071508 directory for possible cause of failure.

Adprep encountered an LDAP error.
Error code: 0xc. Server extended error code: 0x20ae, Server error message: 00002
0AE: SvcErr: DSID-032103B3, problem 5010 (UNAVAIL_EXTENSION), data 8610
[User Action]

Check the log file ADPrep.log in the C:\Windows\debug\adprep\logs\20241217071508 directory for possible cause of failure.
[2024/12/17:07:15:47.833]
Adprep encountered an LDAP error. 

Error code: 0xc. Server extended error code: 0x20ae, Server error message: 000020AE: SvcErr: DSID-032103B3, problem 5010 (UNAVAIL_EXTENSION), data 8610

第六步:清除域控DC的垃圾信息
最后发现adprep /forestprep失败的原因是此前有辅助域控离线后没有清理导致的。
ntdsutil:metadata cleanup删除了另外一台DC的残余信息

第七步:安装更新windows 2012
adprep /forestprep执行成功
再次执行win2012安装,又出现错误提示需要执行:ADPREP /DOMAINPREP
执行后通过,提示新错误:Windows Setup cannot locate a valid hard drive to store temporary installation files. To install Windows, create more free space on the hard drive or add a new hard drive.
原因是C盘的磁盘空间不够导致。删除没有的文件腾出了空间,进入到了更新界面,collecting files,settings, and applications 等待很久,直到成功更新。

第八步:制作windows2016安装盘,升级到windows2016
卸载windows2012的安装盘,执行第三步创建2016的安装介质,注意修改$sku = "server2016Upgrade"

VM中挂载的安装介质,执行更新:
PS G:\Windows Server 2016> .\setup.exe /auto upgrade /dynamicupdate disable /eula accept
发现磁盘空间不足,需要清理调windows.old
--安装磁盘清理工具
Import-Module ServerManager
Install-WindowsFeature Desktop-Experience
清理空间后再次执行安装更新。

第九步:升级window2022
重复第八步的动作升级到2022
PS G:\Windows Server 2022> .\setup.exe /auto upgrade /dynamicupdate disable /eula accept

第十步:转原来的Blob vhd磁盘到托管磁盘
原来主机挂载的数据盘是非托管的blob存储,现在主机转换成了托管磁盘后,原来的这些非托管磁盘无法挂载到主机了,托管的主机也不能回退到非托管主机,怎么办?
VM里面blob磁盘转托盘磁盘很简单,但是这些分离掉的blob存储盘转托管磁盘却找不到地方。
找了半天资料,最后终于找到了方案,那就是用blob的vhd创建一个托管磁盘:
所有服务--Disks--新建磁盘:资源组需要选和VM一致的,选择磁盘类型,源选择存储blob, OS选择windows,VM选择第一代,x64,创建成功。
在VM上附加磁盘就可以找到新创建的磁盘添加。

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