使用Junit测试时，如果项目用Spring框架的话，配置文件载入什么的很麻烦，而且和数据库的连接经常出错，可以使用spring的注解配置，简化代码，让测试结果更有效。

环境

IDE：idea
JDK：1.8
Junit：4.9
Spring：4.26

maven配置

spring测试相关的

<properties>
    <file.encoding>UTF-8</file.encoding>
    <spring.version>4.2.6.RELEASE</spring.version>
</properties>

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
    <version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
    <version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
    <version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
    <version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>

Junit

<dependency>
    <groupId>junit</groupId>
    <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
    <version>4.9</version>
</dependency>

测试代码

import com.smart.domain.User;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;

@Transactional
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)//表示整合JUnit4进行测试
@ContextConfiguration({"classpath:/xxx-context.xml"})  // 启动Spring容器
public class UserServiceTest {
    private UserService userService;

    @Test
    @Transactional
    public void getUserByUserName() {
        User test = new User();
        test.setUserName("admin");
        test.setPassword("123456");
        User user = userService.getByNameAndPassword(test);
        assertEquals("admin", user.getUserName());

        userService.loginSuccess(user);
    }

    @Autowired
    public void setUserService(UserService userService) {
        this.userService = userService;
    }
}