Zabbix：使用CentOS 9，基于LNMP平台，源码部署Zabbix 7。

Zabbix概述
安装前准备工作
部署LNMP环境
部署Zabbix 7

Zabbix7源码部署-第4集-Zabbix Server部署

一、Zabbix概述

1. 什么是zabbix

Zabbix是一个开源的、免费的、易于理解的、容易应用的监控软件。是在企业中比较流行的、运行稳定的监控解决方案。

2. 为什么学习zabbix

Zabbix适应场景：面向虚拟机、服务器、网络设备较为传统的环境。
Prometheus适应场景：面向容器、k8s、微服务、云原生应用领域。

企业中多为二者结合、在相互擅长的领域相互配合使用。

3. 逻辑架构

典型的C/S架构
Client: Zabbix agent/agent2 , SNMP/IPMI , JMX , Zabbix API/Sender
Server: Zabbix Server , Zabbix Web , Zabbix DB , Zabbix Proxy

3. 实验环境

操作系统	版本	CPU	内存	硬盘
CentOS	9	2C	4G	70G

应用	版本	安装路径	用户
JDK	21.0.5	/opt/jdk	root
Nginx	1.27.2	/opt/nginx	nginx
PHP	8.3.13	/opt/php	nginx
Server	7.0.5	/opt/zbx	zabbix
MySQL	8.4.3	/opt/mysql	mysql

4. 软件下载：

JDK：
https://download.oracle.com/java/21/latest/jdk-21_linux-x64_bin.tar.gz

Nginx：
https://nginx.org/en/download.html

PHP:
https://www.php.net/downloads.php

MySQL:
https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/
如何选择下载的mysql版本？

[root@localhost php-8.3.13]# ldd --version
ldd (GNU libc) 2.34

[root@localhost ~]# lscpu
Architecture:          x86_64
CPU op-mode(s):        32-bit, 6

二、安装前的系统准备工作

1. 配置主机名

[root@localhost ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname zbx1
[root@localhost ~]# bash
bash
[root@zbx1 ~]#

2. 关闭防火墙

[root@zbx1 ~]# systemctl stop firewalld
[root@zbx1 ~]# systemctl disable firewalld

3. 关闭selinux

[root@zbx1 ~]# vim /etc/selinux/config 
SELINUX=disabled

4. 配置yum源

[root@zbx1 ~]# rm -rf /etc/yum.repos.d/*
[root@zbx1 ~]# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo 
[BaseOS]
name = BaseOS
baseurl = https://mirrors.bfsu.edu.cn/centos-stream/9-stream/BaseOS/x86_64/os/
enable = 1
gpgcheck = 0 

[AppStream]
name = AppStream
baseurl = https://mirrors.bfsu.edu.cn/centos-stream/9-stream/AppStream/x86_64/os/
enable = 1
gpgcheck = 0 

[CRB]
name = CRB
baseurl = https://mirrors.bfsu.edu.cn/centos-stream/9-stream/CRB/x86_64/os/
enable = 1
gpgcheck = 0 

[epel]
name = epel
baseurl = https://mirrors.bfsu.edu.cn/epel/9/Everything/x86_64/
enable = 1
gpgcheck = 0

5. 配置时钟同步

[root@zbx1 ~]# vim /etc/chrony.conf
pool ntp1.aliyun.com iburst
pool ntp2.aliyun.com iburst
pool ntp3.aliyun.com iburst

[root@zbx1 ~]# systemctl restart chronyd
[root@zbx1 ~]# systemctl enable chronyd

[root@zbx1 ~]# chronyc sources
MS Name/IP address         Stratum Poll Reach LastRx Last sample               
===============================================================================
^? 120.25.115.20                 2   7     2    16  +1470us[+1470us] +/-   27ms
^* 203.107.6.88                  2   6    17    21  -3300us[-2942us] +/-   24ms

[root@zbx1 ~]# time
time         timedatectl  timeout      times        
[root@zbx1 ~]# timedatectl 
               Local time: 日 2024-11-17 08:59:04 CST
           Universal time: 日 2024-11-17 00:59:04 UTC
                 RTC time: 日 2024-11-17 00:59:04
                Time zone: Asia/Shanghai (CST, +0800)
System clock synchronized: yes
              NTP service: active
          RTC in local TZ: no

6. 优化系统限制

[root@zbx1 ~]# vim /etc/security/limits.conf
*    soft    nofile    65536
*    hard    nofile    65536
*    soft    nproc     4096
*    hard    nproc     4096
*    soft    memlock   unlimited
*    hard    memlock   unlimited

7. 安装JDK

[root@zbx1 ~]# cd /opt/soft/
[root@zbx1 soft]# tar zxf jdk-21_linux-x64_bin.tar.gz
[root@zbx1 soft]# cp -r jdk-21.0.5 /opt/jdk
[root@zbx1 ~]# vim /etc/profile
export JAVA_HOME=/opt/jdk
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JAVA_HOME/jre/bin:$PATH
export CLASSPATH=$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib

[root@zbx1 ~]# source /etc/profile
[root@zbx1 ~]# java -version
java 21.0.5 2024-10-15 LTS
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 21.0.5+9-LTS-239)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 21.0.5+9-LTS-239, mixed mode, sharing)

三、部署LNMP环境

1. 部署Nginx

安装依赖包

[root@zbx1 ~]# yum -y install pcre pcre-devel zlib zlib-devel openssl openssl-devel

创建应用用户

[root@zbx1 ~]# groupadd nginx && useradd nginx -g nginx

编译安装

[root@zbx1 ~]# mkdir -p /opt/nginx
[root@zbx1 ~]# cd /opt/soft/
[root@zbx1 soft]# tar zxf nginx-1.27.2.tar.gz 
[root@zbx1 soft]# cd nginx-1.27.2/
[root@zbx1 nginx-1.27.2]# ./configure --user=nginx --group=nginx --prefix=/opt/nginx --conf-path=/opt/nginx/conf/nginx.conf \
--with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_realip_module  --with-http_random_index_module \
--with-http_addition_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-pcre --with-threads --with-stream --with-debug \
--with-stream_realip_module --with-stream_ssl_module --with-stream_ssl_preread_module \
>> /tmp/install_nginx.log 2>&1 && make >> /tmp/install_nginx.log 2>&1 && make install >> /tmp/install_nginx.log 2>&1

添加为系统服务

[root@zbx1 ~]# vim /lib/systemd/system/nginx.service
[Unit]
Description=nginx
After=network.target

[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/opt/nginx/sbin/nginx
ExecReload=/opt/nginx/sbin/nginx reload
ExecStop=/opt/nginx/sbin/nginx quit
PrivateTmp=true

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

[root@zbx1 ~]# systemctl daemon-reload 
[root@zbx1 ~]# systemctl start nginx.service
[root@zbx1 ~]# systemctl enable nginx.service

2. 部署Mysql

选择下载的版本

cat /etc/redhat-release
[root@zbx1 ~]# ldd --version
ldd (GNU libc) 2.34

[root@zbx1 ~]# lscpu | grep Architecture
Architecture:          x86_64

创建用户解压软件

[root@zbx1 ~]# groupadd mysql && useradd mysql -g mysql
[root@zbx1 ~]# mkdir -p /data/mysql/{data,logs}
[root@zbx1 ~]# cd /opt/soft/
[root@zbx1 soft]# tar zxf mysql-8.4.3-linux-glibc2.17-x86_64.tar.xz 
[root@zbx1 soft]# cp -r mysql-8.4.3-linux-glibc2.28-x86_64 /opt/mysql
[root@zbx1 ~]# chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql/ /opt/mysql/

编辑配置文件

[root@zbx1 ~]# vim /opt/mysql/my.cnf

[mysqld]
port = 3306                                                #配置监听端口
server-id = 1                                              
user = mysql                                               #指定运行用户
basedir = /opt/mysql                                       #指定mysql家目录
socket = /data/mysql/my.sock                               #指定mysql的sock文件地址
datadir = /data/mysql/data                                 #指定mysql数据目录
max_connections = 1500                                     #设置mysql最大连接数
character-set-server = utf8mb4                             #设置数据库默认字符集
log-error = /data/mysql/logs/error.log                     #开启错误日志并配置日志地址
default-time-zone = '+08:00'                               #配置时区
mysql_native_password = ON

[client]
socket = /data/mysql/my.sock

[root@zbx1 ~]# ln -s /opt/mysql/my.cnf /etc/my.cnf
[root@zbx1 ~]# ln -s /opt/mysql/lib/libmysqlclient.so.24.0.3 /usr/lib64/libmysqlclient.so.24

初始化数据库

[root@zbx1 ~]# /opt/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/opt/mysql/my.cnf --initialize

添加为系统服务

[root@zbx1 ~]# vim /lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service
[Unit]
Description=MySql
After=network.target

[Service]
User=mysql
Group=mysql
ExecStart=/opt/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/opt/mysql/my.cnf
LimitNOFILE=5000

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

[root@zbx1 ~]# systemctl daemon-reload 
[root@zbx1 ~]# systemctl start mysqld.service
[root@zbx1 ~]# systemctl enable mysqld.service

重置数据库密码

[root@zbx1 logs]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password: 
mysql> alter user user() identified by '1qaz3edc';
mysql> CREATE USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '1qaz3edc';
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' WITH GRANT OPTION;

3. 部署php

安装依赖包

[root@zbx1 ~]# yum install -y libxml2 libxml2-devel openssl openssl-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel \
libcurl libcurl-devel libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel \
gmp gmp-devel libmcrypt libmcrypt-devel readline readline-devel libxslt libxslt-devel \
zlib zlib-devel glibc glibc-devel glib2 glib2-devel ncurses curl gdbm-devel \
libXpm-devel libX11-devel gd-devel gmp-devel expat-devel xmlrpc-c \
libicu-devel libmcrypt-devel libzip gcc-c++ libsqlite3x-devel sqlite-devel oniguruma oniguruma-devel

编译安装

[root@zbx1 ~]# mkdir -p /opt/php
[root@zbx1 ~]# cd /opt/soft/
[root@zbx1 soft]# tar zxf php-8.3.13.tar.gz 
[root@zbx1 soft]# cd php-8.3.13/
[root@zbx1 php-8.3.13]# ./configure --prefix=/opt/php --with-config-file-path=/opt/php/etc \
--enable-ctype --enable-mysqlnd --with-mysql-sock=/data/mysql/my.sock \
--with-mysqli=mysqlnd --with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd --with-zlib --enable-xml \
--disable-rpath --enable-bcmath --enable-shmop --enable-sysvsem \
--with-curl --enable-mbregex --enable-mbstring --enable-gd --with-openssl \
--with-mhash --enable-pcntl --enable-sockets --with-ldap-sasl --enable-soap \
--with-gettext --enable-fpm --with-freetype --with-jpeg >> /tmp/install_php.log 2>&1 \
&& make >> /tmp/install_php.log 2>&1 && make install >> /tmp/install_php.log 2>&1

编辑配置文件和环境变量

[root@zbx1 php-8.3.13]# cp php.ini-production /opt/php/etc/php.ini
[root@zbx1 php-8.3.13]# vim /opt/php/etc/php.ini
post_max_size = 64M
max_execution_time = 300
max_input_time = 300
date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai
always_populate_raw_post_data = -1

[root@zbx1 php-8.3.13]# vim /opt/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
[global]
[www]
user = nginx
group = nginx
listen = 127.0.0.1:9000
pm = dynamic
pm.max_children = 5
pm.start_servers = 2
pm.min_spare_servers = 1
pm.max_spare_servers = 3


[root@zbx1 ~]# vim /etc/profile
export PATH=$PATH:/opt/php/bin

添加为系统服务

[root@zbx1 ~]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/php-fpm.service
[Unit]
Description=php-fpm
After=network.target

[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/opt/php/sbin/php-fpm
PrivateTmp=true

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

[root@zbx1 ~]# systemctl daemon-reload 
[root@zbx1 ~]# systemctl start php-fpm.service 
[root@zbx1 ~]# systemctl enable php-fpm.service

修改nginx配置文件

[root@zbx1 ~]# vim /opt/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

worker_processes  1;
events {
    worker_connections  10240;
}
http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;
    access_log  logs/zabbix.access.log;
    sendfile        on;
    keepalive_timeout  65;
    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  localhost;
        location / {
            root   html;
            index  index.php index.html index.htm;
        }
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }
        location ~ .*\.(php|php5)?$ {
            root           html;
            fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
            fastcgi_index  index.php;
            include        fastcgi.conf;
        }
    }
}

[root@zbx1 ~]# systemctl restart nginx.service

功能性验证

[root@zbx1 ~]# vim /opt/nginx/html/index.php
<?php
    phpinfo();
?>

root@zbx1 ~]# vim /opt/nginx/html/test.php 
<?php
    $link=mysqli_connect("127.0.0.1","root","1qaz3edc");
    if(!$link) echo "Error !";
    else echo "Ok!";
    mysqli_close();
?>

四、部署Zabbix Server

1. 安装依赖软件

[root@zbx1 ~]# yum -y install libevent-devel wget tar gcc gcc-c++ \
make net-snmp-devel libxml2-devel libcurl-devel \
unixODBC-devel fping OpenIPMI OpenIPMI-devel libyaml-devel go

2. 创建用户

[root@zbx1 ~]# groupadd zabbix && useradd zabbix -g zabbix

3. 编译安装zbx服务

[root@zbx1 soft]# tar zxf zabbix-7.0.5.tar.gz 
[root@zbx1 soft]# cd zabbix-7.0.5
[root@zbx1 zabbix-7.0.5]# ./configure --prefix=/opt/zabbix --enable-server --enable-java \
--with-mysql=/opt/mysql/bin/mysql_config \
--with-net-snmp --with-libcurl --with-libxm2 --with-openipmi --with-unixodbc --enable-yaml

[root@zbx1 ~]# make install

4. 创建数据库用户

[root@zbx1 ~]# /opt/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -p
mysql> create database zabbix character set utf8 collate utf8_bin;
mysql> CREATE USER 'zabbix'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '1qaz3edc';
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'zabbix'@'%' WITH GRANT OPTION;

5. 初始化数据库

[root@zbx1 ~]# cd /opt/soft/zabbix-7.0.5/database/mysql
[root@zbx1 mysql]# /opt/mysql/bin/mysql -u zabbix -p zabbix < schema.sql 
[root@zbx1 mysql]# /opt/mysql/bin/mysql -u zabbix -p zabbix < images.sql 
[root@zbx1 mysql]# /opt/mysql/bin/mysql -u zabbix -p zabbix < data.sql

6. 复制前端文件

[root@zbx1 ~]# cp -r /opt/soft/zabbix-7.0.5/ui /opt/nginx/html/zabbix
[root@zbx1 ~]# chown -R nginx:nginx /opt/nginx/
[root@zbx1 ~]# echo 'PATH=$PATH:/opt/zabbix/bin:/opt/zabbix/sbin' >> /etc/profile

7. 添加系统服务

vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/zabbix_server.service
[Unit]
Description=Zabbix Server
After=network.target
After=mysqld.service
After=nginx.service

[Service]
User=zabbix
Group=zabbix
Environment="CONFFILE=/opt/zabbix/etc/zabbix_server.conf"
EnvironmentFile=-/etc/sysconfig/zabbix_server
Type=forking
Restart=on-failure
PIDFile=/opt/zabbix/zabbix_server.pid
KillMode=control-group
ExecStart=/opt/zabbix/sbin/zabbix_server -c $CONFFILE
ExecStop=/bin/kill -SIGTERM $MAINPID
RestartSec=10s
TimeoutSec=0

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

8.编辑zabbix配置文件

[root@zbx1 ~]# grep -v "^$|^*" /opt/zabbix/etc/zabbix_server.conf
LogFile=/opt/zabbix/zabbix_server.log
PidFile=/opt/zabbix/zabbix_server.pid
SocketDir=/opt/zabbix
DBHost=192.168.31.160
DBName=zabbix
DBUser=zabbix
DBPassword=1qaz3edc
DBPort=3306
StartPollers=50
StartPreprocessors=10
StartTrappers=10
StartPingers=5
StartDiscoverers=5
CacheSize=128M
TrendCacheSize=32M
ValueCacheSize=32M
Timeout=4
LogSlowQueries=3000
StatsAllowedIP=127.0.0.1

9. 启动服务

[root@zbx1 ~]# chown -R zabbix:zabbix /opt/zabbix/
[root@zbx1 ~]# systemctl enable zabbix_server.service
[root@zbx1 ~]# systemctl start zabbix_server.service

10. 初始化服务

用户名：Adimin,密码：zabbix

http://192.168.31.160/zabbix/setup.php

在这里插入图片描述

11. 编译安装zabbix_agent2

[root@zbx1 soft]# cd zabbix-7.0.5
[root@zbx1 zabbix-7.0.5]# ./configure --prefix=/opt/zabbix_agent2 --enable-agent2

[root@zbx1 zabbix-7.0.5]# make install

12. 编辑zabbix_agent2配置文件

[root@zbx1 ~]# vim /opt/zabbix_agent2/etc/zabbix_agent2.conf
PidFile=/opt/zabbix_agent2/zabbix_agent2.pid
LogFile=/opt/zabbix_agent2/zabbix_agent2.log
LogFileSize=0
SourceIP=192.168.31.160
Server=192.168.31.160
ServerActive=192.168.31.160
HostnameItem=system.hostname
Include=/opt/zabbix_agent2/etc/zabbix_agent2.d/*.conf
ControlSocket=/tmp/agent.sock

13. 启动zabbix_agent2

[root@zbx1 ~]# /opt/zabbix_agent/sbin/zabbix_agent2 -c /opt/zabbix_agent/etc/zabbix_agent2.conf &