前言
摒弃try{}catch{}代码块，运用新的思想去处理各种异常
中心思想Enum+Assert
自定义异常BaseException有2个属性，即code、message，这样一对属性，有没有想到什么类一般也会定义这2个属性？没错，就是枚举类。且看我如何将 Enum 和 Assert 结合起来，如下：
public interface Assert {
/**
* 创建异常
* @param args
* @return
*/
BaseException newException(Object... args);
/**
* 创建异常
* @param t
* @param args
* @return
*/
BaseException newException(Throwable t, Object... args);
/**
* <p>断言对象<code>obj</code>非空。如果对象<code>obj</code>为空，则抛出异常
*
* @param obj 待判断对象
*/
default void assertNotNull(Object obj) {
if (obj == null) {
throw newException(obj);
}
}
/**
* <p>断言对象<code>obj</code>非空。如果对象<code>obj</code>为空，则抛出异常
* <p>异常信息<code>message</code>支持传递参数方式，避免在判断之前进行字符串拼接操作
*
* @param obj 待判断对象
* @param args message占位符对应的参数列表
*/
default void assertNotNull(Object obj, Object... args) {
if (obj == null) {
throw newException(args);
}
}
}public interface IResponseEnum {
int getCode();
String getMessage();
}/**
* <p>业务异常</p>
* <p>业务处理时，出现异常，可以抛出该异常</p>
*/
public class BusinessException extends BaseException {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
public BusinessException(IResponseEnum responseEnum, Object[] args, String message) {
super(responseEnum, args, message);
}
public BusinessException(IResponseEnum responseEnum, Object[] args, String message, Throwable cause) {
super(responseEnum, args, message, cause);
}
}
public interface BusinessExceptionAssert extends IResponseEnum, Assert {
@Override
default BaseException newException(Object... args) {
String msg = MessageFormat.format(this.getMessage(), args);
return new BusinessException(this, args, msg);
}
@Override
default BaseException newException(Throwable t, Object... args) {
String msg = MessageFormat.format(this.getMessage(), args);
return new BusinessException(this, args, msg, t);
}
}
@Getter
@AllArgsConstructor
public enum ResponseEnum implements BusinessExceptionAssert {
/**
* Bad licence type
*/
BAD_LICENCE_TYPE(7001, "Bad licence type."),
/**
* Licence not found
*/
LICENCE_NOT_FOUND(7002, "Licence not found.")
;
/**
* 返回码
*/
private int code;
/**
* 返回消息
*/
private String message;
}应用：校验Licence
/**
* 校验{@link Licence}存在
* @param licence
*/
private void checkNotNull(Licence licence) {
ResponseEnum.LICENCE_NOT_FOUND.assertNotNull(licence);
}常规校验：
private void checkNotNull(Licence licence) {
if (Object.isNotEmpty(licence)) {
throw new LicenceNotFoundException();
// 或者这样
throw new BusinessException(7001, "Bad licence type.");
}
}结合@ExceptionHandler注解定义统一异常处理器类
例：
@Slf4j
@Component
@ControllerAdvice
@ConditionalOnWebApplication
@ConditionalOnMissingBean(UnifiedExceptionHandler.class)
public class UnifiedExceptionHandler {
/**
* 生产环境
*/
private final static String ENV_PROD = "prod";
@Autowired
private UnifiedMessageSource unifiedMessageSource;
/**
* 当前环境
*/
@Value("${spring.profiles.active}")
private String profile;
/**
* 获取国际化消息
*
* @param e 异常
* @return
*/
public String getMessage(BaseException e) {
String code = "response." + e.getResponseEnum().toString();
String message = unifiedMessageSource.getMessage(code, e.getArgs());
if (message == null || message.isEmpty()) {
return e.getMessage();
}
return message;
}
/**
* 业务异常
*
* @param e 异常
* @return 异常结果
*/
@ExceptionHandler(value = BusinessException.class)
@ResponseBody
public ErrorResponse handleBusinessException(BaseException e) {
log.error(e.getMessage(), e);
return new ErrorResponse(e.getResponseEnum().getCode(), getMessage(e));
}
/**
* 自定义异常
*
* @param e 异常
* @return 异常结果
*/
@ExceptionHandler(value = BaseException.class)
@ResponseBody
public ErrorResponse handleBaseException(BaseException e) {
log.error(e.getMessage(), e);
return new ErrorResponse(e.getResponseEnum().getCode(), getMessage(e));
}
/**
* Controller上一层相关异常
*
* @param e 异常
* @return 异常结果
*/
@ExceptionHandler({
NoHandlerFoundException.class,
HttpRequestMethodNotSupportedException.class,
HttpMediaTypeNotSupportedException.class,
MissingPathVariableException.class,
MissingServletRequestParameterException.class,
TypeMismatchException.class,
HttpMessageNotReadableException.class,
HttpMessageNotWritableException.class,
// BindException.class,
// MethodArgumentNotValidException.class
HttpMediaTypeNotAcceptableException.class,
ServletRequestBindingException.class,
ConversionNotSupportedException.class,
MissingServletRequestPartException.class,
AsyncRequestTimeoutException.class
})
@ResponseBody
public ErrorResponse handleServletException(Exception e) {
log.error(e.getMessage(), e);
int code = CommonResponseEnum.SERVER_ERROR.getCode();
try {
ServletResponseEnum servletExceptionEnum = ServletResponseEnum.valueOf(e.getClass().getSimpleName());
code = servletExceptionEnum.getCode();
} catch (IllegalArgumentException e1) {
log.error("class [{}] not defined in enum {}", e.getClass().getName(), ServletResponseEnum.class.getName());
}
if (ENV_PROD.equals(profile)) {
// 当为生产环境, 不适合把具体的异常信息展示给用户, 比如404.
code = CommonResponseEnum.SERVER_ERROR.getCode();
BaseException baseException = new BaseException(CommonResponseEnum.SERVER_ERROR);
String message = getMessage(baseException);
return new ErrorResponse(code, message);
}
return new ErrorResponse(code, e.getMessage());
}
/**
* 参数绑定异常
*
* @param e 异常
* @return 异常结果
*/
@ExceptionHandler(value = BindException.class)
@ResponseBody
public ErrorResponse handleBindException(BindException e) {
log.error("参数绑定校验异常", e);
return wrapperBindingResult(e.getBindingResult());
}
/**
* 参数校验异常，将校验失败的所有异常组合成一条错误信息
*
* @param e 异常
* @return 异常结果
*/
@ExceptionHandler(value = MethodArgumentNotValidException.class)
@ResponseBody
public ErrorResponse handleValidException(MethodArgumentNotValidException e) {
log.error("参数绑定校验异常", e);
return wrapperBindingResult(e.getBindingResult());
}
/**
* 包装绑定异常结果
*
* @param bindingResult 绑定结果
* @return 异常结果
*/
private ErrorResponse wrapperBindingResult(BindingResult bindingResult) {
StringBuilder msg = new StringBuilder();
for (ObjectError error : bindingResult.getAllErrors()) {
msg.append(", ");
if (error instanceof FieldError) {
msg.append(((FieldError) error).getField()).append(": ");
}
msg.append(error.getDefaultMessage() == null ? "" : error.getDefaultMessage());
}
return new ErrorResponse(ArgumentResponseEnum.VALID_ERROR.getCode(), msg.substring(2));
}
/**
* 未定义异常
*
* @param e 异常
* @return 异常结果
*/
@ExceptionHandler(value = Exception.class)
@ResponseBody
public ErrorResponse handleException(Exception e) {
log.error(e.getMessage(), e);
if (ENV_PROD.equals(profile)) {
// 当为生产环境, 不适合把具体的异常信息展示给用户, 比如数据库异常信息.
int code = CommonResponseEnum.SERVER_ERROR.getCode();
BaseException baseException = new BaseException(CommonResponseEnum.SERVER_ERROR);
String message = getMessage(baseException);
return new ErrorResponse(code, message);
}
return new ErrorResponse(CommonResponseEnum.SERVER_ERROR.getCode(), e.getMessage());
}
}写在最后
这是一种思想，把一些工具（Enum+Assert+@ExceptionHandler等）巧妙的联合起来进行组装，已达到同样的效果，主要目的是简化代码，减少CV。使代码更加简洁！