问题前景
在日常开发中,对于请求体的读取,一般只能读取一次。就好比我们在使用@RequestBody注解时,同一个接口的参数里面只能使用一个@RequestBody。所以在日常开发中有时候不得不使用Map或者是自己封装DTO对象,或者是封装自定义的参数解析注解,但是如果想要在过滤器中对请求体中的参数进行判断。那么读取一次过后当请求在到达Controller层时就没办法在获取了。本案例演示自定义参数解析注解和封装Request请求。
自定义参数解析注解
自定义一个注解MultiRequestBody
package com.we.applet.wifi.utils.annotion;
import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;
/**
* @Author: 张定辉
* @CreateDate: 2022/9/3
* @Description: 自定义多次获取请求体内容注解
*/
@Target(ElementType.PARAMETER)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
public @interface MultiRequestBody {
/**
* 是否必须出现的参数
*/
boolean required() default true;
/**
* 当value的值或者参数名不匹配时,是否允许解析最外层属性到该对象
*/
boolean parseAllFields() default true;
/**
* 解析时用到的JSON的key,非必须,不填则使用方法参数的名称进行获取
*/
String value() default "";
}
编写该注解的解析器
package com.we.applet.wifi.handler.annotion;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONException;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import com.we.applet.wifi.utils.annotion.MultiRequestBody;
import org.apache.commons.io.IOUtils;
import org.apache.commons.lang.StringUtils;
import org.springframework.core.MethodParameter;
import org.springframework.web.bind.support.WebDataBinderFactory;
import org.springframework.web.context.request.NativeWebRequest;
import org.springframework.web.method.support.HandlerMethodArgumentResolver;
import org.springframework.web.method.support.ModelAndViewContainer;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;
/**
* @Author: 张定辉
* @CreateDate: 2022/9/3
* @Description: 自定义请求参数注解解析器
*/
public class MultiRequestBodyArgumentResolver implements HandlerMethodArgumentResolver {
private static final String JSONBODY_ATTRIBUTE = "JSON_REQUEST_BODY";
private static final String REQUIRED_PARAM_RESOLVER_ERROR="required param %s is not present";
private static final Set<Class<?>> CLASS_SET;
static{
CLASS_SET = new HashSet<>();
CLASS_SET.add(Integer.class);
CLASS_SET.add(Long.class);
CLASS_SET.add(Short.class);
CLASS_SET.add(Float.class);
CLASS_SET.add(Double.class);
CLASS_SET.add(Boolean.class);
CLASS_SET.add(Byte.class);
CLASS_SET.add(Character.class);
}
/**
* 设置支持的方法参数类型
*
* @param parameter 方法参数
* @return 支持的类型
*/
@Override
public boolean supportsParameter(MethodParameter parameter) {
// 支持带@MultiRequestBody注解的参数
return parameter.hasParameterAnnotation(MultiRequestBody.class);
}
/**
* 参数解析,利用fastjson
* 注意:非基本类型返回null会报空指针异常,要通过反射或者JSON工具类创建一个空对象
*/
@Override
public Object resolveArgument(MethodParameter parameter, ModelAndViewContainer mavContainer, NativeWebRequest webRequest, WebDataBinderFactory binderFactory) throws Exception {
String jsonBody = getRequestBody(webRequest);
JSONObject jsonObject = JSON.parseObject(jsonBody);
// 根据@MultiRequestBody注解value作为json解析的key
MultiRequestBody parameterAnnotation = parameter.getParameterAnnotation(MultiRequestBody.class);
//注解的value是JSON的key
assert parameterAnnotation!=null;
String key = parameterAnnotation.value();
Object value;
// 如果@MultiRequestBody注解没有设置value,则取参数名FrameworkServlet作为json解析的key
if (StringUtils.isNotEmpty(key)) {
value = jsonObject.get(key);
// 如果设置了value但是解析不到,报错
if (value == null && parameterAnnotation.required()) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(String.format( REQUIRED_PARAM_RESOLVER_ERROR, key));
}
} else {
// 注解为设置value则用参数名当做json的key
key = parameter.getParameterName();
value = jsonObject.get(key);
}
// 获取的注解后的类型 Long
Class<?> parameterType = parameter.getParameterType();
// 通过注解的value或者参数名解析,能拿到value进行解析
if (value != null) {
//基本类型
if (parameterType.isPrimitive()) {
return parsePrimitive(parameterType.getName(), value);
}
// 基本类型包装类
if (isBasicDataTypes(parameterType)) {
return parseBasicTypeWrapper(parameterType, value);
// 字符串类型
} else if (parameterType == String.class) {
return value.toString();
}
// 其他复杂对象
return JSON.parseObject(value.toString(), parameterType);
}
// 解析不到则将整个json串解析为当前参数类型
if (isBasicDataTypes(parameterType)) {
if (parameterAnnotation.required()) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(String.format( REQUIRED_PARAM_RESOLVER_ERROR, key));
} else {
return null;
}
}
// 非基本类型,不允许解析所有字段,必备参数则报错,非必备参数则返回null
if (!parameterAnnotation.parseAllFields()) {
// 如果是必传参数抛异常
if (parameterAnnotation.required()) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(String.format( REQUIRED_PARAM_RESOLVER_ERROR, key));
}
// 否则返回null
return null;
}
// 非基本类型,允许解析,将外层属性解析
Object result;
try {
result = JSON.parseObject(jsonObject.toString(), parameterType);
} catch (JSONException jsonException) {
result = null;
}
// 如果非必要参数直接返回,否则如果没有一个属性有值则报错
if (!parameterAnnotation.required()) {
return null;
} else {
boolean haveValue = false;
Field[] declaredFields = parameterType.getDeclaredFields();
for (Field field : declaredFields) {
field.setAccessible(true);
if (field.get(result) != null) {
haveValue = true;
break;
}
}
if (!haveValue) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(String.format( REQUIRED_PARAM_RESOLVER_ERROR, key));
}
return result;
}
}
/**
* 基本类型解析
*/
private Object parsePrimitive(String parameterTypeName, Object value) {
final String booleanTypeName = "boolean";
if (booleanTypeName.equals(parameterTypeName)) {
return Boolean.valueOf(value.toString());
}
final String intTypeName = "int";
if (intTypeName.equals(parameterTypeName)) {
return Integer.valueOf(value.toString());
}
final String charTypeName = "char";
if (charTypeName.equals(parameterTypeName)) {
return value.toString().charAt(0);
}
final String shortTypeName = "short";
if (shortTypeName.equals(parameterTypeName)) {
return Short.valueOf(value.toString());
}
final String longTypeName = "long";
if (longTypeName.equals(parameterTypeName)) {
return Long.valueOf(value.toString());
}
final String floatTypeName = "float";
if (floatTypeName.equals(parameterTypeName)) {
return Float.valueOf(value.toString());
}
final String doubleTypeName = "double";
if (doubleTypeName.equals(parameterTypeName)) {
return Double.valueOf(value.toString());
}
final String byteTypeName = "byte";
if (byteTypeName.equals(parameterTypeName)) {
return Byte.valueOf(value.toString());
}
return null;
}
/**
* 基本类型包装类解析
*/
private Object parseBasicTypeWrapper(Class<?> parameterType, Object value) {
if (Number.class.isAssignableFrom(parameterType)) {
Number number = (Number) value;
if (parameterType == Integer.class) {
return number.intValue();
} else if (parameterType == Short.class) {
return number.shortValue();
} else if (parameterType == Long.class) {
return number.longValue();
} else if (parameterType == Float.class) {
return number.floatValue();
} else if (parameterType == Double.class) {
return number.doubleValue();
} else if (parameterType == Byte.class) {
return number.byteValue();
}
} else if (parameterType == Boolean.class) {
return value.toString();
} else if (parameterType == Character.class) {
return value.toString().charAt(0);
}
return null;
}
/**
* 判断是否为基本数据类型包装类
*/
private boolean isBasicDataTypes(Class<?> clazz) {
return CLASS_SET.contains(clazz);
}
/**
* 获取请求体JSON字符串
*/
private String getRequestBody(NativeWebRequest webRequest) {
HttpServletRequest servletRequest = webRequest.getNativeRequest(HttpServletRequest.class);
assert servletRequest!=null;
// 有就直接获取
String jsonBody = (String) webRequest.getAttribute(JSONBODY_ATTRIBUTE, NativeWebRequest.SCOPE_REQUEST);
// 没有就从请求中读取
if (jsonBody == null) {
try {
jsonBody = IOUtils.toString(servletRequest.getReader());
webRequest.setAttribute(JSONBODY_ATTRIBUTE, jsonBody, NativeWebRequest.SCOPE_REQUEST);
} catch (IOException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
return jsonBody;
}
}
编写Web配置类
package com.we.applet.wifi.config;
import com.we.applet.wifi.filter.CSRFFilter;
import com.we.applet.wifi.handler.annotion.MultiRequestBodyArgumentResolver;
import com.we.applet.wifi.common.Constant;
import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.http.converter.HttpMessageConverter;
import org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter;
import org.springframework.web.method.support.HandlerMethodArgumentResolver;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.CorsRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurer;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.util.List;
/**
* @Author: 张定辉
* @CreateDate: 2022/9/3
* @Description: Web请求配置类
*/
@Configuration
public class WebConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer {
@Resource
private Constant constant;
/**
* 添加自定义参数解析器,解析自定义MultiRequestBody注解
* @param resolvers initially an empty list
*/
@Override
public void addArgumentResolvers(List<HandlerMethodArgumentResolver> resolvers) {
resolvers.add(new MultiRequestBodyArgumentResolver());
}
@Bean
public HttpMessageConverter<String> responseBodyConverter() {
return new StringHttpMessageConverter(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
}
@Override
public void configureMessageConverters(List<HttpMessageConverter<?>> converters) {
converters.add(responseBodyConverter());
}
}
应用
请求json示例
//多实体请求
{
"student":{
"name":"张三",
"age":18
},
"teacher":{
"teacherId":"123456",
"name":"李四"
}
}
//单实体请求
{
//不能直接使用属性名的方式,要封装起来
"student":{
"name":"张三",
"age":18
}
}
@RestController
public class TestCoontroller{
@PostMapping("/test")
/*如果不指定key则以属性名称作为key获取json里面的数据*/
public Result<Object> test(@MultiRequestBody Student student,@MultiRequestBody Teacher teacher){
/*省略处理逻辑*/
}
class Student{
private String name;
private Integer age;
/*省略get,set方法*/
}
class Teacher{
private String teacherId;
private String name;
}
}
封装Request(推荐使用)
自定义BodyReaderHttpServletRequestWrapper继承自HttpServletRequestWrapper类
package com.we.applet.wifi.config;
import org.springframework.util.StreamUtils;
import javax.servlet.ReadListener;
import javax.servlet.ServletInputStream;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequestWrapper;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
/**
* @Author: 张定辉
* @CreateDate: 2022/11/27
* @Description: 重新封装http请求,解决请求体只能读取一次的问题
*/
public class BodyReaderHttpServletRequestWrapper extends HttpServletRequestWrapper {
/**
* 当传入ServletRequest时,将获取到的流保存在这里,以后所有的读取都从这里读
*/
private final byte[] requestBody;
public BodyReaderHttpServletRequestWrapper(HttpServletRequest request) throws IOException {
super(request);
requestBody = StreamUtils.copyToByteArray(request.getInputStream());
}
@Override
public ServletInputStream getInputStream() {
final ByteArrayInputStream bais = new ByteArrayInputStream(requestBody);
return new ServletInputStream() {
@Override
public int read() {
return bais.read();
}
@Override
public boolean isFinished() {
return false;
}
@Override
public boolean isReady() {
return false;
}
@Override
public void setReadListener(ReadListener listener) {
/*
不需要使用读取监听
*/
}
};
}
@Override
public BufferedReader getReader(){
return new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(getInputStream()));
}
}
新建过滤器将默认的Request替换为自定义的
@WebFilter(urlPatterns = "/*",filterName = "logFilter")
@Slf4j
public class LogFilter implements Filter {
@Override
public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
HttpServletRequest newRequest=(HttpServletRequest)request;
//如果是文件上传请求则不进行封装,这里吃了个大亏,详情请见:https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_52195362/article/details/135052678?spm=1001.2014.3001.5501
if(!StringUtils.startsWithIgnoreCase(request.getContentType(), "multipart/")){
newRequest=new BodyReaderHttpServletRequestWrapper((HttpServletRequest)request);
}
filterChain.doFilter(newRequest,response);
}
}