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使用jsp+servlet+mysql从0搭建图书管理系统（大结局）

一、前言

本节我们编写管理员用户的增删改查

二、项目开始

1）管理员首页

这里详细的样式和页面结构前面已经给出

1.1）图书添加

这里的字段与数据表中的字段相对应，大家自由发挥

jsp结构
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
         pageEncoding="UTF-8" %>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>图书管理系统--添加</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="./css/login.css">
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="./js/iconfont/iconfont.css">
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="css/index.css"/>
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="css/pagination.css"/>
    <script src="./js/jquery-3.7.1.min.js"></script>
    <style>
        .card div {
            display: flex;
            justify-content: center;
            align-items: center;
        }

        input {
            padding: 0.8rem;
            border: 1px solid #ddd;
            border-radius: 5px;
            display: block;
            width: 300px;
            margin-top: 20px;
        }

        .card button {
            padding: 0.6rem;
            border: none;
            border-radius: 5px;
            background-color: #3498db;
            color: white;
            cursor: pointer;
            font-size: 1rem;
            width: 330px;
            margin-top: 20px;
            margin-left: 50px;
        }

        .menu-item a {
            color: white;
        }
        form label{
            margin-top: 20px;
        }
        form input{
            margin-left: 20px;
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
<!-- 导航条开始 -->
<%@ include file="utils/nav.jsp" %>
<!-- 导航条结束 -->
<!-- 侧边栏开始 -->
<%@ include file="utils/slidebar.jsp" %>
<!-- 侧边栏结束 -->
<!-- 内容区域开始 -->
<div class="content">
    <!-- 卡片展示开始 -->
    <div class="card">
        <div>
            <form action="BookAddServlet" method="get">
                <div>
                    <label for="book_name">书籍名称:</label>
                    <input id="book_name" name="book_name" type="text" placeholder="请输入要添加的书籍名称">
                </div>
               <div>
                   <label for="book_isbn">ISBN号:</label>
                   <input id="book_isbn" name="book_isbn" type="text" placeholder="请输入要添加的书籍ISBN号">
               </div>
               <div>
                   <label for="book_price">书籍价格:</label>
                   <input id="book_price" name="book_price" type="text" placeholder="请输入要添加的书籍价格">
               </div>
              <div>
                  <label for="book_count">在馆数量:</label>
                  <input id="book_count" name="book_count" type="text" placeholder="请输入要添加的书籍在馆数量">
              </div>
                <button type="submit">确定添加</button>
            </form>
        </div>
    </div>
    <!-- 卡片展示结束 -->
    <script>
        $(document).ready(function () {
            $("#menuTitle").click(function () {
                $("#submenu").slideToggle(); // 使用slideToggle实现展开和折叠动画效果
            });
        });
        $(document).ready(function () {
            $("#bookTitle").click(function () {
                $("#bookmenu").slideToggle(); // 使用slideToggle实现展开和折叠动画效果
            });
        });
    </script>


</div>
</body>

</html>
servlet页面
package BookManage;

import jakarta.servlet.ServletException;
import jakarta.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.Serial;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.SQLException;

@WebServlet(name = "BookAddServlet",urlPatterns = "/BookAddServlet")
public class BookAddServlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Serial
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
    public BookAddServlet() {
        super();
    }

    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        String book_name = req.getParameter("book_name");
        String book_isbn = req.getParameter("book_isbn");
        float book_price = Float.parseFloat(req.getParameter("book_price"));
        int book_count = Integer.parseInt(req.getParameter("book_count"));

        try {
            Connection coon = JDBCUtils.getConnection();
            String sql = "insert into bookinfo values(null,?,?,?,?)";
            PreparedStatement stat = coon.prepareStatement(sql);
            // 设置参数
            stat.setString(1,book_name);
            stat.setString(2,book_isbn);
            stat.setFloat(3,book_price);
            stat.setInt(4,book_count);

            int rows = stat.executeUpdate();
            if(rows > 0){
                String successString = "添加成功";
                req.setAttribute("successString",successString);
                req.getRequestDispatcher("bookAdd.jsp").forward(req,resp);
            }else{
                String errorString = "添加失败";
                req.setAttribute("errorString",errorString);
                req.getRequestDispatcher("bookAdd.jsp").forward(req,resp);
            }

        } catch (ClassNotFoundException | SQLException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }


    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        super.doPost(req, resp);
    }
}

如果大家能完成用户注册，那么图书的添加应该也没有问题，无非就是参数多一些

2）图书编辑

编辑，就是拿到数据，在表单中展示出来，与添加的操作基本类型

大坑之一

编辑操作我们使用到id，可以在form表单中使用input为hidden属性readonly，

切记不能使用disabled，否则会拿不到整个id值

jsp页面
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
         pageEncoding="UTF-8" %>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>图书管理系统--书籍编辑</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="./css/login.css">
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="./js/iconfont/iconfont.css">
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="css/index.css"/>
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="css/pagination.css"/>
    <script src="./js/jquery-3.7.1.min.js"></script>
    <style>
        .card div {
            display: flex;
            justify-content: center;
            align-items: center;
        }

        input {
            padding: 0.8rem;
            border: 1px solid #ddd;
            border-radius: 5px;
            display: block;
            width: 300px;
            margin-top: 20px;
        }

        .card button {
            padding: 0.6rem;
            border: none;
            border-radius: 5px;
            background-color: #3498db;
            color: white;
            cursor: pointer;
            font-size: 1rem;
            width: 330px;
            margin-top: 20px;
            margin-left: 50px;
        }

        .menu-item a {
            color: white;
        }
        form label{
            margin-top: 20px;
        }
        form input{
            margin-left: 20px;
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
<!-- 导航条开始 -->
<%@ include file="utils/nav.jsp" %>
<!-- 导航条结束 -->
<!-- 侧边栏开始 -->
<%@ include file="utils/slidebar.jsp" %>
<!-- 侧边栏结束 -->
<!-- 内容区域开始 -->
<div class="content">
    <!-- 卡片展示开始 -->
    <div class="card">
        <div>
            <form action="BookEditWithIDServlet" method="get">
                <div>
                    <label for="book_id">书籍ID:</label>
                    <input id="book_id" name="book_id"
                           value="${book_id}"
                            <%--   大坑:使用disabled的字段，不会发送给服务器
                                        应该使用readonly或者hiddlen隐藏域
                                        --%>
                           readonly
                           type="text" placeholder="请输入要添加的书籍名称">
                </div>
                <div>
                    <label for="book_name">书籍名称:</label>
                    <input id="book_name" name="book_name"
                           value="${book_name}"
                           type="text" placeholder="请输入要添加的书籍名称">
                </div>
                <div>
                    <label for="book_isbn">ISBN号:</label>
                    <input id="book_isbn"
                           value="${book_isbn}"
                           name="book_isbn" type="text" placeholder="请输入要添加的书籍ISBN号">
                </div>
                <div>
                    <label for="book_price">书籍价格:</label>
                    <input id="book_price"
                           value="${book_price}"
                           name="book_price" type="text" placeholder="请输入要添加的书籍价格">
                </div>
                <div>
                    <label for="book_count">在馆数量:</label>
                    <input id="book_count"
                           value="${book_count}"
                           name="book_count" type="text" placeholder="请输入要添加的书籍在馆数量">
                </div>
                <button type="submit">确定添加</button>
            </form>
        </div>
    </div>
    <!-- 卡片展示结束 -->
    <script>
        $(document).ready(function () {
            $("#menuTitle").click(function () {
                $("#submenu").slideToggle(); // 使用slideToggle实现展开和折叠动画效果
            });
        });
        $(document).ready(function () {
            $("#bookTitle").click(function () {
                $("#bookmenu").slideToggle(); // 使用slideToggle实现展开和折叠动画效果
            });
        });
    </script>


</div>
</body>

</html>
servlet页面
package BookManage;

import jakarta.servlet.ServletException;
import jakarta.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.Serial;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;

@WebServlet(name = "BookEditServlet", urlPatterns = "/BookEditServlet")
public class BookEditServlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Serial
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    public BookEditServlet() {
        super();
    }

    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        int book_id = Integer.parseInt(req.getParameter("book_id"));
        String book_name = null;
        String book_isbn = null;
        float book_price = 0;
        int book_count = 0;

        try {
            Connection coon = JDBCUtils.getConnection();
            String sql = "select * from bookinfo where book_id = ?";
            PreparedStatement stat = coon.prepareStatement(sql);
            stat.setInt(1, book_id);

            ResultSet r = stat.executeQuery();

            while (r.next()) {
                book_name = r.getString("book_name");
                book_isbn = r.getString("book_isbn");
                book_price = r.getFloat("book_price");
                book_count = r.getInt("book_count");
            }

            req.setAttribute("book_name",book_name);
            req.setAttribute("book_isbn",book_isbn);
            req.setAttribute("book_price",book_price);
            req.setAttribute("book_count",book_count);
            req.setAttribute("book_id",book_id);
            req.getRequestDispatcher("bookEdit.jsp").forward(req,resp);
            // 关闭连接
            JDBCUtils.close(r,stat,coon);
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException | SQLException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }


    }


    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        super.doPost(req, resp);
    }
}
修改字段的值

servlet页面
package BookManage;

import jakarta.servlet.ServletException;
import jakarta.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.Serial;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.SQLException;

import static java.lang.System.out;

@WebServlet(name = "BookEditWithIDServlet", urlPatterns = "/BookEditWithIDServlet")
public class BookEditWithIDServlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Serial
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    public BookEditWithIDServlet() {
        super();
    }

    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        int book_id = Integer.parseInt(req.getParameter("book_id"));
        String book_name = req.getParameter("book_name");
        String book_isbn = req.getParameter("book_isbn");
        float book_price = Float.parseFloat(req.getParameter("book_price"));
        int book_count = Integer.parseInt(req.getParameter("book_count"));
        try {
            Connection coon = JDBCUtils.getConnection();
            String sql = "update bookinfo set book_name = ?, book_isbn = ?, book_price = ?" +
                    ",book_count = ? where book_id = ?";
            PreparedStatement stat = coon.prepareStatement(sql);
            stat.setString(1,book_name);
            stat.setString(2,book_isbn);
            stat.setFloat(3,book_price);
            stat.setInt(4,book_count);
            stat.setInt(5,book_id);

            int rows = stat.executeUpdate();
            if(rows > 0){
                String successString = "编辑成功";
                req.setAttribute("successString",successString);
                req.getRequestDispatcher("bookSearch.jsp").forward(req,resp);
            }else{
                String errorString = "编辑失败";
                req.setAttribute("errorString",errorString);
                req.getRequestDispatcher("bookEdit.jsp").forward(req,resp);
            }





        } catch (ClassNotFoundException | SQLException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }

    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        super.doPost(req, resp);
    }
}

这里已经修改了

注意sql语句的编写，能够把sql语句写出来，成功了一半

3）图书删除

点击删除按钮，将图书删除

删除后

servlet逻辑页面
package BookManage;

import jakarta.servlet.ServletException;
import jakarta.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.Serial;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.SQLException;

@WebServlet(name = "BookDeleteServlet",urlPatterns = "/BookDeleteServlet")
public class BookDeleteServlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Serial
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
    public BookDeleteServlet() {
        super();
    }

    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        int book_id = Integer.parseInt(req.getParameter("book_id"));

        try {
            Connection coon = JDBCUtils.getConnection();
            String sql = "delete from bookinfo where book_id = ?";
            PreparedStatement stat = coon.prepareStatement(sql);
            stat.setInt(1,book_id);

            int rows = stat.executeUpdate();
            if(rows > 0){
                String successString = "删除成功";
                req.setAttribute("successString",successString);
                req.getRequestDispatcher("bookSearch.jsp").forward(req,resp);
            }else{
                String errorString = "添加失败";
                req.setAttribute("errorString",errorString);
                req.getRequestDispatcher("bookSearch.jsp").forward(req,resp);
            }








        } catch (ClassNotFoundException | SQLException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }


    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        super.doPost(req, resp);
    }
}

三、最后

到这里，我们这个简易无比的图书管理系统就写完了，项目中存在非常多的问题，大家可以自己尝试解决。项目只实现的简单的增删改查和模糊搜索、分页查询，相信小伙伴们经过这些页面的编写，对servlet有更深的了解。

## 感谢大家的阅读，不足之处敬请斧正

悦读

道可道，非常道；名可名，非常名。 无名，天地之始，有名，万物之母。 故常无欲，以观其妙，常有欲，以观其徼。 此两者，同出而异名，同谓之玄，玄之又玄，众妙之门。

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