ansible有许多种安装方式，今天我们使用wget从github上下载安装包，由于ansible已经在17年开源，所以我们可以从github上面下载到所有版本的ansible安装包。
ansible源码包有两个版本：
1、官方社区开源版【一直在更新】，也是最新版所在的位置：
https://github.com/ansible/ansible
2、官方的稳定版本【注意：稳定版本只更新到2.9版本，之后版本请在官方社区下载】：
当前实验主机发行版本为：rehl9
官方社区下载
【注意：请先通过python -V命令查看自己的python版本，如果低于3.10，请跳转至‘升级python’处】
【请跟随图片上箭头指定的位置操作】
【注：第二步选择版本可以依据个人需求来选择】
复制链接地址后，打开虚拟机，开始下载
[root@localhost ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg v2.17.0.zip v2.17.0.zip.1
[root@localhost ~]# wget https://github.com/ansible/ansible/archive/refs/tags/v2.17.0.zip
--2024-07-09 21:14:47-- https://github.com/ansible/ansible/archive/refs/tags/v2.17.0.zip
Resolving github.com (github.com)... 20.205.243.166
Connecting to github.com (github.com)|20.205.243.166|:443... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 302 Found
Location: https://codeload.github.com/ansible/ansible/zip/refs/tags/v2.17.0 [following]
--2024-07-09 21:14:48-- https://codeload.github.com/ansible/ansible/zip/refs/tags/v2.17.0
Resolving codeload.github.com (codeload.github.com)... 20.205.243.165
Connecting to codeload.github.com (codeload.github.com)|20.205.243.165|:443... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: unspecified [application/zip]
Saving to: ‘v2.17.0.zip’
v2.17.0.zip [ <=> ] 5.36M 1.61MB/s in 3.3s
2024-07-09 21:14:52 (1.61 MB/s) - ‘v2.17.0.zip’ saved [5619774]
[root@localhost ~]# ll v2.17.0.zip
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 5619774 Jul 9 21:14 v2.17.0.zip
下载完毕后，我们就可以对他进行下一步操作了
【如果下载速度过慢，可以在github前加上kk，进行代理】
wget https://kkgithub.com/ansible/ansible/archive/refs/tags/v2.17.0.zip
先对这个源码包进行解压操作
[root@localhost ~]# mv v2.17.0.zip /opt/
[root@localhost ~]# cd /opt/
[root@localhost opt]# unzip v2.17.0.zip
...【此处为系统解压过程，过于占篇幅，便不在此显示】
完成后，便可以在当前目录看到ansible解压文件
[root@localhost opt]# ls
ansible-2.17.0 v2.17.0.zip
[root@localhost opt]# cd ansible-2.17.0/
[root@localhost ansible-2.17.0]# ls
bin changelogs COPYING hacking lib licenses MANIFEST.in packaging pyproject.toml README.md requirements.txt setup.cfg **setup.py ** test
【注意这个setup.py这个文件，我们将基于它进行构建和安装】
[root@localhost ansible-2.17.0]# python setup.py build
[root@localhost ansible-2.17.0]# python setup.py install
当前命令执行后，中途会出现略微的停止，这是在读取网络源，所以等待即可，如果在停顿时执行失败，那么重复python setup.py install 这条命令即可
可以以create为标识，来观察是否处于当前状态
现在，让我们来查看ansible版本
[root@localhost ansible-2.17.0]# ansible --version
ERROR: Ansible requires Python 3.10 or newer on the controller. Current version: 3.9.10 (main, Feb 9 2022, 00:00:00) [GCC 11.2.1 20220127 (Red Hat 11.2.1-9)]
[root@localhost ansible-2.17.0]# python --version
Python 3.9.10
出现报错，这个报错是为什么呢？
你的python版本过低
解决方法：升级python版本，或者重新安装ansible
升级python
我们想升级python版本来匹配当前ansible版本，我们就需要保证虚拟机可以上外网，可以尝试ping baidu.com 来测试。
[root@localhost ~]# ping baidu.com -w 3
PING baidu.com (110.242.68.66) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 110.242.68.66 (110.242.68.66): icmp_seq=1 ttl=128 time=134 ms
64 bytes from 110.242.68.66 (110.242.68.66): icmp_seq=2 ttl=128 time=41.6 ms
64 bytes from 110.242.68.66 (110.242.68.66): icmp_seq=3 ttl=128 time=40.1 ms
--- baidu.com ping statistics ---
3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2005ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 40.073/71.976/134.240/44.031 ms
当前我的主机是可以上外网的，那么现在我们开始升级python。
【请务必跟随清单顺序安装，如果顺序有误，有极大几率不可用！！！】
配置清单：
下载并解压所需软件包
【这里我使用最新版本的python3.12.4】
python3.12.4 、 setuptools、libffi、libffi-devel、ansible2.17.0
[root@localhost ~]# wget https://github.com/ansible/ansible/archive/refs/tags/v2.17.0.zip
[root@localhost ~]# wget https://github.com/libffi/libffi/releases/download/v3.4.5/libffi-3.4.5.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# wget https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/65/d8/10a70e86f6c28ae59f101a9de6d77bf70f147180fbf40c3af0f64080adc3/setuptools-70.3.0.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.12.4/Python-3.12.4.tgz
下载完成后，对这四个包进行解压操作
[root@localhost ~]# tar -xzf Python-3.12.4.tgz
[root@localhost ~]# unzip v2.17.0.zip
[root@localhost ~]# tar -xzf libffi-3.4.5.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# tar -xzf setuptools-70.3.0.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg Desktop Downloads libffi-3.4.5.tar.gz Pictures Python-3.12.4 setuptools-70.3.0 Templates Videos
ansible-2.17.0 Documents libffi-3.4.5 Music Public Python-3.12.4.tgz setuptools-70.3.0.tar.gz v2.17.0.zip
开始安装【！！！一定要按顺序安装！！！】
安装中产生的信息，在本文中不会展示，执行命令后耐心等待即可。
【安装libffi】
[root@localhost ~]# cd libffi-3.4.5/
[root@localhost libffi-3.4.5]# ls
acinclude.m4 compile configure.ac fficonfig.h.in libffi.map.in libtool-version m4 makefile.sed~ msvc_build testsuite
aclocal.m4 config.guess configure.host generate-darwin-source-and-headers.py libffi.pc.in LICENSE Makefile make_sunver.pl msvcc.sh x86_64-pc-linux-gnu
ChangeLog config.sub depcomp include libffi.xcodeproj LICENSE-BUILDTOOLS Makefile.am man README.md
ChangeLog.old configure doc install-sh libtool-ldflags ltmain.sh Makefile.in missing src
[root@localhost libffi-3.4.5]# ./configure
[root@localhost libffi-3.4.5]# make
[root@localhost libffi-3.4.5]# makeinstall
【安装libffi-devel】
[root@localhost ~]# dnf install libffi-devel -y
【安装python】
[root@localhost ~]# cd Python-3.12.4/
[root@localhost Python-3.12.4]# ls
aclocal.m4 config.guess config.sub Doc install-sh LICENSE Makefile.pre Modules PC Programs pyconfig.h.in python-config README.rst
_bootstrap_python config.log configure Grammar Lib Mac Makefile.pre.in Objects PCbuild pybuilddir.txt python python-config.py Tools
build config.status configure.ac Include libpython3.12.a Makefile Misc Parser platform pyconfig.h Python python-gdb.py
[root@localhost Python-3.12.4]# ./configure
[root@localhost Python-3.12.4]# make all
[root@localhost Python-3.12.4]# make install
完成后，不必担心当前版本的问题，当前python版本不用删除
[root@localhost Python-3.12.4]# mv /usr/bin/python /usr/bin/python3.9.10
[root@localhost Python-3.12.4]# ln -s /usr/local/bin/python3 /usr/bin/python
[root@localhost Python-3.12.4]# python -V
Python 3.12.4
【安装ansible】
[root@localhost ansible-2.17.0]# python setup.py build
[root@localhost ansible-2.17.0]# python setup.py install
检查ansible版本和配置ansible.cfg文件
[root@localhost ansible-2.17.0]# ansible --version
ansible [core 2.17.0]
config file = None
configured module search path = ['/root/.ansible/plugins/modules', '/usr/share/ansible/plugins/modules']
ansible python module location = /usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/ansible_core-2.17.0-py3.12.egg/ansible
ansible collection location = /root/.ansible/collections:/usr/share/ansible/collections
executable location = /usr/local/bin/ansible
python version = 3.12.4 (main, Jul 10 2024, 19:51:04) [GCC 11.2.1 20220127 (Red Hat 11.2.1-9)] (/usr/bin/python)
jinja version = 3.1.4
libyaml = True
[root@localhost ansible-2.17.0]# ansible-config init --disabled -t all > ansible.cfg
[root@localhost ansible-2.17.0]# vim ansible.cfg
[root@localhost ansible-2.17.0]# mkdir /etc/ansible
[root@localhost ansible-2.17.0]# mv ansible.cfg /etc/ansible/
[root@localhost ansible-2.17.0]# ansible --version
ansible [core 2.17.0]
config file = /etc/ansible/ansible.cfg
configured module search path = ['/root/.ansible/plugins/modules', '/usr/share/ansible/plugins/modules']
ansible python module location = /usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/ansible_core-2.17.0-py3.12.egg/ansible
ansible collection location = /root/.ansible/collections:/usr/share/ansible/collections
executable location = /usr/local/bin/ansible
python version = 3.12.4 (main, Jul 10 2024, 19:51:04) [GCC 11.2.1 20220127 (Red Hat 11.2.1-9)] (/usr/bin/python)
jinja version = 3.1.4
libyaml = True
使用官方稳定版本下载
【进入当前网页，并跟随图片指引操作】
在当前页中，寻找到自己需要的版本
[root@localhost ~]# wget https://releases.ansible.com/ansible/ansible-2.9.0.tar.gz
--2024-07-10 10:57:19-- https://releases.ansible.com/ansible/ansible-2.9.0.tar.gz
Resolving releases.ansible.com (releases.ansible.com)... 104.26.1.234, 172.67.68.251, 104.26.0.234, ...
Connecting to releases.ansible.com (releases.ansible.com)|104.26.1.234|:443... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 14126941 (13M) [application/x-gzip]
Saving to: ‘ansible-2.9.0.tar.gz’
ansible-2.9.0.tar.gz 100%[================================================================================================================>] 13.47M 2.05MB/s in 7.0s
2024-07-10 10:57:27 (1.94 MB/s) - ‘ansible-2.9.0.tar.gz’ saved [14126941/14126941]
[root@localhost ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg ansible-2.9.0.tar.gz Desktop Documents Downloads Music Pictures Public Templates Videos
下载完毕后，对 ansible-2.9.0.tar.gz这个包进行解压缩操作
[root@localhost ~]# tar -xzf ansible-2.9.0.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg ansible-2.9.0 ansible-2.9.0.tar.gz Desktop Documents Downloads Music Pictures Public Templates Videos
[root@localhost ~]# cd ansible-2.9.0/
[root@localhost ansible-2.9.0]# ls
bin changelogs contrib COPYING docs examples hacking lib licenses Makefile MANIFEST.in packaging PKG-INFO README.rst requirements.txt ** setup.py **shippable.yml SYMLINK_CACHE.json test
同样，还是要用python对他进行构建和安装
[root@localhost ansible-2.9.0]# python setup.py build
[root@localhost ansible-2.9.0]# python setup.py install
查看版本，并配置ansible.cfg
[root@localhost ~]# ansible --version
ansible 2.9.0
config file = None
configured module search path = ['/root/.ansible/plugins/modules', '/usr/share/ansible/plugins/modules']
ansible python module location = /usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/ansible-2.9.0-py3.9.egg/ansible
executable location = /usr/local/bin/ansible
python version = 3.9.10 (main, Feb 9 2022, 00:00:00) [GCC 11.2.1 20220127 (Red Hat 11.2.1-9)]
[root@localhost ~]# cd ansible-2.9.0/
[root@localhost ansible-2.9.0]# cd examples/
[root@localhost examples]# ls
ansible.cfg hosts scripts
[root@localhost examples]# mkdir /etc/ansible
[root@localhost examples]# mv ansible.cfg /etc/ansible/
[root@localhost examples]# ansible --version
ansible 2.9.0
config file = /etc/ansible/ansible.cfg
configured module search path = ['/root/.ansible/plugins/modules', '/usr/share/ansible/plugins/modules']
ansible python module location = /usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/ansible-2.9.0-py3.9.egg/ansible
executable location = /usr/local/bin/ansible
python version = 3.9.10 (main, Feb 9 2022, 00:00:00) [GCC 11.2.1 20220127 (Red Hat 11.2.1-9)]
ansible安装结束。
报错信息
如果出现当前报错
ERROR: No module named '_ctypes'
从libffi那里重新开始即可，切记，这几个安装包，一个都不能少。