Lucene教程 - Lucene搜索文件

搜索过程是进行搜索的过程。

下表列出了在搜索过程中使用的类。

例子

以下代码显示如何搜索索引的文件。

/*
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
 * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
 * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
 * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
 * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
 * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.util.Date;

import org.apache.lucene.analysis.Analyzer;
import org.apache.lucene.analysis.standard.StandardAnalyzer;
import org.apache.lucene.document.Document;
import org.apache.lucene.index.DirectoryReader;
import org.apache.lucene.index.IndexReader;
import org.apache.lucene.queryparser.classic.QueryParser;
import org.apache.lucene.search.IndexSearcher;
import org.apache.lucene.search.Query;
import org.apache.lucene.search.ScoreDoc;
import org.apache.lucene.search.TopDocs;
import org.apache.lucene.store.FSDirectory;
import org.apache.lucene.util.Version;

/** Simple command-line based search demo. */
public class Main {
  private Main() {}
  /** Simple command-line based search demo. */
  public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
    String usage =
      "Usage:\tjava SearchFiles [-index dir] [-field f] [-repeat n] [-queries file] [-query string] [-raw] [-paging hitsPerPage]\n\nSee http://lucene.apache.org/core/4_1_0/demo/ for details.";
    if (args.length > 0 && ("-h".equals(args[0]) || "-help".equals(args[0]))) {
      System.out.println(usage);
      System.exit(0);
    }

    String index = "index";
    String field = "contents";
    String queries = null;
    int repeat = 0;
    boolean raw = false;
    String queryString = null;
    int hitsPerPage = 10;
    
    for(int i = 0;i < args.length;i++) {
      if ("-index".equals(args[i])) {
        index = args[i+1];
        i++;
      } else if ("-field".equals(args[i])) {
        field = args[i+1];
        i++;
      } else if ("-queries".equals(args[i])) {
        queries = args[i+1];
        i++;
      } else if ("-query".equals(args[i])) {
        queryString = args[i+1];
        i++;
      } else if ("-repeat".equals(args[i])) {
        repeat = Integer.parseInt(args[i+1]);
        i++;
      } else if ("-raw".equals(args[i])) {
        raw = true;
      } else if ("-paging".equals(args[i])) {
        hitsPerPage = Integer.parseInt(args[i+1]);
        if (hitsPerPage <= 0) {
          System.err.println("There must be at least 1 hit per page.");
          System.exit(1);
        }
        i++;
      }
    }
    
    IndexReader reader = DirectoryReader.open(FSDirectory.open(new File(index)));
    IndexSearcher searcher = new IndexSearcher(reader);
    // :Post-Release-Update-Version.LUCENE_XY:
    Analyzer analyzer = new StandardAnalyzer(Version.LUCENE_4_10_0);

    BufferedReader in = null;
    if (queries != null) {
      in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(new FileInputStream(queries), StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
    } else {
      in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in, StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
    }
    // :Post-Release-Update-Version.LUCENE_XY:
    QueryParser parser = new QueryParser(Version.LUCENE_4_10_0, field, analyzer);
    while (true) {
      if (queries == null && queryString == null) {                        // prompt the user
        System.out.println("Enter query: ");
      }

      String line = queryString != null ? queryString : in.readLine();

      if (line == null || line.length() == -1) {
        break;
      }

      line = line.trim();
      if (line.length() == 0) {
        break;
      }
      
      Query query = parser.parse(line);
      System.out.println("Searching for: " + query.toString(field));
            
      if (repeat > 0) {                           // repeat & time as benchmark
        Date start = new Date();
        for (int i = 0; i < repeat; i++) {
          searcher.search(query, null, 100);
        }
        Date end = new Date();
        System.out.println("Time: "+(end.getTime()-start.getTime())+"ms");
      }

      doPagingSearch(in, searcher, query, hitsPerPage, raw, queries == null && queryString == null);

      if (queryString != null) {
        break;
      }
    }
    reader.close();
  }

  /**
   * This demonstrates a typical paging search scenario, where the search engine presents 
   * pages of size n to the user. The user can then go to the next page if interested in
   * the next hits.
   * 
   * When the query is executed for the first time, then only enough results are collected
   * to fill 5 result pages. If the user wants to page beyond this limit, then the query
   * is executed another time and all hits are collected.
   * 
   */
  public static void doPagingSearch(BufferedReader in, IndexSearcher searcher, Query query, 
                                     int hitsPerPage, boolean raw, boolean interactive) throws IOException {
 
    // Collect enough docs to show 5 pages
    TopDocs results = searcher.search(query, 5 * hitsPerPage);
    ScoreDoc[] hits = results.scoreDocs;
    
    int numTotalHits = results.totalHits;
    System.out.println(numTotalHits + " total matching documents");

    int start = 0;
    int end = Math.min(numTotalHits, hitsPerPage);
        
    while (true) {
      if (end > hits.length) {
        System.out.println("Only results 1 - " + hits.length +" of " + numTotalHits + " total matching documents collected.");
        System.out.println("Collect more (y/n) ?");
        String line = in.readLine();
        if (line.length() == 0 || line.charAt(0) == "n") {
          break;
        }

        hits = searcher.search(query, numTotalHits).scoreDocs;
      }
      
      end = Math.min(hits.length, start + hitsPerPage);
      
      for (int i = start; i < end; i++) {
        if (raw) {                              // output raw format
          System.out.println("doc="+hits[i].doc+" score="+hits[i].score);
          continue;
        }

        Document doc = searcher.doc(hits[i].doc);
        String path = doc.get("path");
        if (path != null) {
          System.out.println((i+1) + ". " + path);
          String title = doc.get("title");
          if (title != null) {
            System.out.println("   Title: " + doc.get("title"));
          }
        } else {
          System.out.println((i+1) + ". " + "No path for this document");
        }
                  
      }

      if (!interactive || end == 0) {
        break;
      }

      if (numTotalHits >= end) {
        boolean quit = false;
        while (true) {
          System.out.print("Press ");
          if (start - hitsPerPage >= 0) {
            System.out.print("(p)revious page, ");  
          }
          if (start + hitsPerPage < numTotalHits) {
            System.out.print("(n)ext page, ");
          }
          System.out.println("(q)uit or enter number to jump to a page.");
          
          String line = in.readLine();
          if (line.length() == 0 || line.charAt(0)=="q") {
            quit = true;
            break;
          }
          if (line.charAt(0) == "p") {
            start = Math.max(0, start - hitsPerPage);
            break;
          } else if (line.charAt(0) == "n") {
            if (start + hitsPerPage < numTotalHits) {
              start+=hitsPerPage;
            }
            break;
          } else {
            int page = Integer.parseInt(line);
            if ((page - 1) * hitsPerPage < numTotalHits) {
              start = (page - 1) * hitsPerPage;
              break;
            } else {
              System.out.println("No such page");
            }
          }
        }
        if (quit) break;
        end = Math.min(numTotalHits, start + hitsPerPage);
      }
    }
  }
}