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静态综合路由实验

实验拓扑 

 b6d1df2094404442a299c8e143b70b70.png

 

实验要求

1.除R5的环回地址外,整个其他所有网段基于192.168.1.0/24进行合理的IP地址划分
2.R1-R4每个路由器存在两个环回接口,用于模拟pc网段;地址也在192.168.1.0/24这个网络范围内
3.R1-R4上不能直接编写到达5.5.5.0/24的静态路由,但依然可以访问
4.全网可达,尽量减少每台路由器,路由表条目数量,避免环路出现
5.R4与R5间,正常1000m链路通信,故障时自动改为100m

实验步骤 

第一步:划分网段

由题意知,需要6个骨干网线IP地址,8个环回接口,且需尽量减少每台路由器,路由表条目数量,避免环路出现,于是如下划分:

 

c16e0346a6c545fe8c28777c8e8988ea.png

第二步:改名,配置IP地址、环回接口

先对五个路由器进行改名操作,然后开始配置IP地址(具体方法不一一阐述,不会的可以参考eNSP基础命令),环回接口。如下:

r1:
[R1]int g 0/0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.1 30
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g 0/0/1
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.1.5 30
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0
[R1-LoopBack0]ip add 192.168.1.33 28
[R1-LoopBack0]int l1
[R1-LoopBack1]ip add 192.168.1.49 28

r2:
[R2]int g 0/0/0
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.2 30
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g 0/0/1
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.1.9 30
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0
[R2-LoopBack0]ip add 192.168.1.65 28
[R2-LoopBack0]int l1
[R2-LoopBack1]ip add 192.168.1.81 28

r3:
[R3]int g 0/0/0
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.6 30
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g 0/0/1
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.1.13 30
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0
[R3-LoopBack0]ip add 192.168.1.97 28
[R3-LoopBack0]int l1
[R3-LoopBack1]ip add 192.168.1.113 28

r4:
[R4]int g 0/0/0
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.14 30
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g 0/0/1
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.1.10 30
[R4-LoopBack1]int g 0/0/2
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 192.168.1.17 30
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]int g 4/0/0
[R4-GigabitEthernet4/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.21 30
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0
[R4-LoopBack0]ip add 192.168.1.129 28
[R4-LoopBack0]int l1
[R4-LoopBack1]ip add 192.168.1.145 28

r5:
[R5]int g 0/0/0
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.18 30
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g 0/0/1
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.1.22 30
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0
[R5-LoopBack0]ip add 5.5.5.5 24

 

第三步:配置静态路由与空接口、配置浮动静态路由

 

配置静态路由,因为需要将R1,R2,R3,R4上每个网段进行汇总,且需要避免路由环路出现,所以还需要配置空接口。向r5中设置缺省路由,为了不直接编写5.5.5.0/24也能到5.5.5.0/24网段;配置浮动静态路由,调整优先级设置

全部配置完成以后,可实现全网通。

r1:
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.6
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.6
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.6
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.6
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.6

[R1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.6

[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 NULL 0


r2:
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.10
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.10
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.10
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.10
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.1
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.1
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.1
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.10

[R2]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.10

[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 NULL 0

r3:
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.5
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.5
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.5
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.14
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.14
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.14
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.14
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.14

[R3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.14

[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 NULL 0


r4:
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.13
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.13
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.13
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.9
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.9
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.9

[R4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.22 preference 61

[R4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.18

[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 NULL 0

r5:
ip route-static 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.17
ip route-static 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.21 preference 61
ip route-static 192.168.1.4 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.17
ip route-static 192.168.1.4 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.21 preference 61
ip route-static 192.168.1.8 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.17
ip route-static 192.168.1.8 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.21 preference 61
ip route-static 192.168.1.12 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.17
ip route-static 192.168.1.12 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.21 preference 61
ip route-static 192.168.1.32 255.255.255.224 192.168.1.17
ip route-static 192.168.1.32 255.255.255.224 192.168.1.21 preference 61
ip route-static 192.168.1.64 255.255.255.224 192.168.1.17
ip route-static 192.168.1.64 255.255.255.224 192.168.1.21 preference 61
ip route-static 192.168.1.96 255.255.255.224 192.168.1.17
ip route-static 192.168.1.96 255.255.255.224 192.168.1.21 preference 61
ip route-static 192.168.1.128 255.255.255.224 192.168.1.17
ip route-static 192.168.1.128 255.255.255.224 192.168.1.21 preference 61

 

第四步:检测是否全网可通

测试得全网可通,断开r4的0/0/2接口,再次ping,依旧能通(不一一演示),如图:

[R4]int g 0/0/2
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]shutdown

4b7ce0a3a7bb49449f3edcd9f0e5fc1e.pngd477f4d289ed4468b41374ae2437c0fa.png 

至此,实验成功结束!!

 

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