利用idea创建java web的maven项目，在pom中添加对poi的jar的依赖。
1 <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
2 xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
3 <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
4 <groupId>com.hand</groupId>
5 <artifactId>excel-data</artifactId>
6 <packaging>war</packaging>
7 <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
8 <name>excel-data Maven Webapp</name>
9 <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
10 <dependencies>
11 <dependency>
12 <groupId>junit</groupId>
13 <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
14 <version>3.8.1</version>
15 <scope>test</scope>
16 </dependency>
17 <dependency>
18 <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
19 <artifactId>poi</artifactId>
20 <version>3.14</version>
21 </dependency>
22 </dependencies>
23 <build>
24 <finalName>excel-data</finalName>
25 </build>
26 </project>web.xml中配置下后续导出时，所需要的servlet映射信息：
1 <!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
2 "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
3 "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >
4
5 <web-app>
6 <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
7 <servlet>
8 <servlet-name>TestServlet</servlet-name>
9 <servlet-class>TestServlet</servlet-class>
10 </servlet>
11
12 <servlet-mapping>
13 <servlet-name>TestServlet</servlet-name>
14 <url-pattern>/TestServlet</url-pattern>
15 </servlet-mapping>
16 </web-app>Excel导入工具类实现：
1 import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.*;
2 import org.apache.poi.poifs.filesystem.POIFSFileSystem;
3 import java.io.FileInputStream;
4 import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
5 import java.io.IOException;
6 import java.io.InputStream;
7 import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
8 import java.util.Date;
9 import java.util.HashMap;
10 import java.util.Map;
11
12 /**
13 * @author [email protected]
14 * @version 1.0
15 * @name
16 * @description 读取并解析excel
17 * @date 2017/10/19
18 */
19 public class ImportExcel {
20
21 private POIFSFileSystem fs;
22 private HSSFWorkbook wb;
23 private HSSFSheet sheet;
24 private HSSFRow row;
25
26 /**
27 * 读取Excel表格表头的内容
28 * @param is
29 * @return String 表头内容的数组
30 */
31 public String[] readExcelTitle(InputStream is) {
32 try {
33 fs = new POIFSFileSystem(is);
34 wb = new HSSFWorkbook(fs);
35 } catch (IOException e) {
36 e.printStackTrace();
37 }
38 sheet = wb.getSheetAt(0);
39 //得到首行的row
40 row = sheet.getRow(0);
41 // 标题总列数
42 int colNum = row.getPhysicalNumberOfCells();
43 String[] title = new String[colNum];
44 for (int i = 0; i < colNum; i++) {
45 title[i] = getCellFormatValue(row.getCell((short) i));
46 }
47 return title;
48 }
49
50 /**
51 * 读取Excel数据内容
52 * @param is
53 * @return Map 包含单元格数据内容的Map对象
54 */
55 public Map<Integer, String> readExcelContent(InputStream is) {
56 Map<Integer, String> content = new HashMap<Integer, String>();
57 String str = "";
58 try {
59 fs = new POIFSFileSystem(is);
60 wb = new HSSFWorkbook(fs);
61 } catch (IOException e) {
62 e.printStackTrace();
63 }
64 sheet = wb.getSheetAt(0);
65 // 得到总行数
66 int rowNum = sheet.getLastRowNum();
67 //由于第0行和第一行已经合并了 在这里索引从2开始
68 row = sheet.getRow(2);
69 int colNum = row.getPhysicalNumberOfCells();
70 // 正文内容应该从第二行开始,第一行为表头的标题
71 for (int i = 2; i <= rowNum; i++) {
72 row = sheet.getRow(i);
73 int j = 0;
74 while (j < colNum) {
75 str += getCellFormatValue(row.getCell((short) j)).trim() + "-";
76 j++;
77 }
78 content.put(i, str);
79 str = "";
80 }
81 return content;
82 }
83
84 /**
85 * 获取单元格数据内容为字符串类型的数据
86 *
87 * @param cell Excel单元格
88 * @return String 单元格数据内容
89 */
90 private String getStringCellValue(HSSFCell cell) {
91 String strCell = "";
92 switch (cell.getCellType()) {
93 case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_STRING:
94 strCell = cell.getStringCellValue();
95 break;
96 case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC:
97 strCell = String.valueOf(cell.getNumericCellValue());
98 break;
99 case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_BOOLEAN:
100 strCell = String.valueOf(cell.getBooleanCellValue());
101 break;
102 case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_BLANK:
103 strCell = "";
104 break;
105 default:
106 strCell = "";
107 break;
108 }
109 if (strCell.equals("") || strCell == null) {
110 return "";
111 }
112 if (cell == null) {
113 return "";
114 }
115 return strCell;
116 }
117
118 /**
119 * 获取单元格数据内容为日期类型的数据
120 *
121 * @param cell
122 * Excel单元格
123 * @return String 单元格数据内容
124 */
125 private String getDateCellValue(HSSFCell cell) {
126 String result = "";
127 try {
128 int cellType = cell.getCellType();
129 if (cellType == HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC) {
130 Date date = cell.getDateCellValue();
131 result = (date.getYear() + 1900) + "-" + (date.getMonth() + 1)
132 + "-" + date.getDate();
133 } else if (cellType == HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_STRING) {
134 String date = getStringCellValue(cell);
135 result = date.replaceAll("[年月]", "-").replace("日", "").trim();
136 } else if (cellType == HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_BLANK) {
137 result = "";
138 }
139 } catch (Exception e) {
140 System.out.println("日期格式不正确!");
141 e.printStackTrace();
142 }
143 return result;
144 }
145
146 /**
147 * 根据HSSFCell类型设置数据
148 * @param cell
149 * @return
150 */
151 private String getCellFormatValue(HSSFCell cell) {
152 String cellvalue = "";
153 if (cell != null) {
154 // 判断当前Cell的Type
155 switch (cell.getCellType()) {
156 // 如果当前Cell的Type为NUMERIC
157 case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC:
158 case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_FORMULA: {
159 // 判断当前的cell是否为Date
160 if (HSSFDateUtil.isCellDateFormatted(cell)) {
161 Date date = cell.getDateCellValue();
162 SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd");
163 cellvalue = sdf.format(date);
164 }
165 // 如果是纯数字
166 else {
167 // 取得当前Cell的数值
168 cellvalue = String.valueOf(cell.getNumericCellValue());
169 }
170 break;
171 }
172 // 如果当前Cell的Type为STRIN
173 case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_STRING:
174 // 取得当前的Cell字符串
175 cellvalue = cell.getRichStringCellValue().getString();
176 break;
177 // 默认的Cell值
178 default:
179 cellvalue = " ";
180 }
181 } else {
182 cellvalue = "";
183 }
184 return cellvalue;
185
186 }
187
188 public static void main(String[] args) {
189 try {
190 // 对读取Excel表格标题测试
191 InputStream is = new FileInputStream("d:\\test2.xls");
192 ImportExcel excelReader = new ImportExcel();
193 String[] title = excelReader.readExcelTitle(is);
194 System.out.println("获得Excel表格的标题:");
195 for (String s : title) {
196 System.out.print(s + " ");
197 }
198 System.out.println();
199
200 // 对读取Excel表格内容测试
201 InputStream is2 = new FileInputStream("d:\\test2.xls");
202 Map<Integer, String> map = excelReader.readExcelContent(is2);
203 System.out.println("获得Excel表格的内容:");
204 //这里由于xls合并了单元格需要对索引特殊处理
205 for (int i = 2; i <= map.size()+1; i++) {
206 System.out.println(map.get(i));
207 }
208
209 } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
210 System.out.println("未找到指定路径的文件!");
211 e.printStackTrace();
212 }
213 }
214
215 }
将Excel中的数据通过后台程序维护到一个Map集合中，再利用String的split方法以“-”进行分割，得到单个的值，如果想要将这批数据插入到数据库，则去实例化对象的dto，再给dto对应属性赋值，最终写sql再insert到表中。
Excel导出工具类的实现：
1 import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.*;
2 import org.apache.poi.hssf.util.HSSFColor;
3 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.IndexedColors;
4 import org.apache.poi.ss.util.CellRangeAddress;
5
6 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
7 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
8 import java.io.IOException;
9 import java.io.OutputStream;
10 import java.util.ArrayList;
11 import java.util.List;
12
13 /**
14 * @author [email protected]
15 * @version 1.0
16 * @name
17 * @description
18 * @date 2017/10/19
19 */
20 public class ExportExcel {
21
22 /**
23 * 显示的导出表的标题
24 */
25 private String title;
26
27 /**
28 * 导出表的列名
29 */
30 private String[] columnName;
31
32 /**
33 * 需要导出的数据集合
34 */
35 private List<Object[]> dataList = new ArrayList<Object[]>();
36
37 /**
38 * 输入流对象
39 */
40 private HttpServletRequest request;
41
42 /**
43 * 输出流对象
44 */
45 private HttpServletResponse response;
46
47
48 /**
49 *
50 * @param title
51 * @param columnName
52 * @param dataList
53 * @param request
54 * @param response
55 * @description 构造方法，传入要导出的数据
56 */
57 public ExportExcel(String title, String[] columnName, List<Object[]> dataList,HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) {
58 this.dataList = dataList;
59 this.columnName = columnName;
60 this.title = title;
61 this.request = request;
62 this.response= response;
63 }
64
65
66 /**
67 * @param
68 * @return
69 * @author [email protected]
70 * @date 2017/10/19 13:21
71 * @description 导出数据到excel
72 */
73 public void export() throws Exception {
74
75 try {
76 HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook(); // 创建工作簿对象
77 HSSFSheet sheet = workbook.createSheet(title); // 创建工作表
78
79 // 产生表格标题行
80 HSSFRow rowm = sheet.createRow(0);
81 HSSFCell cellTiltle = rowm.createCell(0);
82
83 //设置标题和单元格样式
84 HSSFCellStyle columnTopStyle = this.getColumnTopStyle(workbook); //获取列头样式对象
85 HSSFCellStyle style = this.getStyle(workbook); //单元格样式对象
86
87 //合并单元格
88 sheet.addMergedRegion(new CellRangeAddress(0, 1, 0, (columnName.length - 1)));
89 cellTiltle.setCellStyle(columnTopStyle);
90 cellTiltle.setCellValue(title);
91
92 // 定义所需列数
93 int columnNum = columnName.length;
94 HSSFRow rowRowName = sheet.createRow(2); // 在索引2的位置创建行(最顶端的行开始的第二行)
95
96
97 // 将列头设置到sheet的单元格中
98 for (int n = 0; n < columnNum; n++) {
99 HSSFCell cellRowName = rowRowName.createCell(n); //创建列头对应个数的单元格
100 cellRowName.setCellType(HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_STRING); //设置列头单元格的数据类型
101 HSSFRichTextString text = new HSSFRichTextString(columnName[n]);
102 cellRowName.setCellValue(text); //设置列头单元格的值
103 cellRowName.setCellStyle(columnTopStyle); //设置列头单元格样式
104 }
105
106 //将查询出的数据设置到sheet对应的单元格中
107 for (int i = 0; i < dataList.size(); i++) {
108 Object[] obj = dataList.get(i);//遍历每个对象
109 HSSFRow row = sheet.createRow(i + 3);//创建所需的行数
110 for (int j = 0; j < obj.length; j++) {
111 HSSFCell cell = null; //设置单元格的数据类型
112 //第一列为数字类型并设置单元格的值
113 if (j == 0) {
114 cell = row.createCell(j, HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC);
115 cell.setCellValue(i + 1);
116 } else {
117 //其他列为字符串类型并设置单元格的值
118 cell = row.createCell(j, HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_STRING);
119 if (!"".equals(obj[j]) && obj[j] != null) {
120 cell.setCellValue(obj[j].toString());
121 }
122 }
123 cell.setCellStyle(style); //设置单元格样式
124 }
125 }
126
127
128 //让列宽随着导出的列长自动适应
129 for (int colNum = 0; colNum < columnNum; colNum++) {
130 int columnWidth = sheet.getColumnWidth(colNum) / 256;
131 for (int rowNum = 0; rowNum < sheet.getLastRowNum(); rowNum++) {
132 HSSFRow currentRow;
133 //当前行未被使用过
134 if (sheet.getRow(rowNum) == null) {
135 currentRow = sheet.createRow(rowNum);
136 } else {
137 currentRow = sheet.getRow(rowNum);
138 }
139 if (currentRow.getCell(colNum) != null) {
140 //取得当前的单元格
141 HSSFCell currentCell = currentRow.getCell(colNum);
142 //如果当前单元格类型为字符串
143 if (currentCell.getCellType() == HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_STRING) {
144 int length = currentCell.getStringCellValue().getBytes().length;
145 if (columnWidth < length) {
146 //将单元格里面值大小作为列宽度
147 columnWidth = length;
148 }
149 }
150 }
151 }
152 //再根据不同列单独做下处理
153 if (colNum == 0) {
154 sheet.setColumnWidth(colNum, (columnWidth - 2) * 256);
155 } else {
156 sheet.setColumnWidth(colNum, (columnWidth + 4) * 256);
157 }
158 }
159
160 if (workbook != null) {
161 try {
162 String fileName = "Excel-" + String.valueOf(System.currentTimeMillis()).substring(4, 13) + ".xls";
163 String headStr = "attachment; filename=\"" + fileName + "\"";
164 response.setContentType("APPLICATION/OCTET-STREAM");
165 response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", headStr);
166 OutputStream out1 = response.getOutputStream();
167 workbook.write(out1);
168 } catch (IOException e) {
169 e.printStackTrace();
170 }
171 }
172
173 } catch (Exception e) {
174 e.printStackTrace();
175 }
176 }
177
178
179 /**
180 * @param
181 * @return
182 * @author [email protected]
183 * @date 2017/10/19 13:31
184 * @description 标题行的单元格样式
185 */
186 public HSSFCellStyle getColumnTopStyle(HSSFWorkbook workbook) {
187
188 // 设置字体
189 HSSFFont font = workbook.createFont();
190 //设置字体大小
191 font.setFontHeightInPoints((short) 11);
192 //字体加粗
193 font.setBoldweight(HSSFFont.BOLDWEIGHT_BOLD);
194 //设置字体名字
195 font.setFontName("Courier New");
196 //设置样式;
197 HSSFCellStyle style = workbook.createCellStyle();
198 style.setFillForegroundColor(IndexedColors.BLUE.getIndex());
199 //设置底边框;
200 style.setBorderBottom(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
201 //设置底边框颜色;
202 style.setBottomBorderColor(HSSFColor.BLACK.index);
203 //设置左边框;
204 style.setBorderLeft(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
205 //设置左边框颜色;
206 style.setLeftBorderColor(HSSFColor.BLACK.index);
207 //设置右边框;
208 style.setBorderRight(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
209 //设置右边框颜色;
210 style.setRightBorderColor(HSSFColor.BLACK.index);
211 //设置顶边框;
212 style.setBorderTop(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
213 //设置顶边框颜色;
214 style.setTopBorderColor(HSSFColor.BLACK.index);
215 //在样式用应用设置的字体;
216 style.setFont(font);
217 //设置自动换行;
218 style.setWrapText(false);
219 //设置水平对齐的样式为居中对齐;
220 style.setAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER);
221 //设置垂直对齐的样式为居中对齐;
222 style.setVerticalAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.VERTICAL_CENTER);
223 return style;
224 }
225
226 /**
227 * @param
228 * @return
229 * @author [email protected]
230 * @date 2017/10/19 13:31
231 * @description 列数据信息单元格样式
232 */
233 public HSSFCellStyle getStyle(HSSFWorkbook workbook) {
234 // 设置字体
235 HSSFFont font = workbook.createFont();
236 //设置字体大小
237 //font.setFontHeightInPoints((short)10);
238 //字体加粗
239 //font.setBoldweight(HSSFFont.BOLDWEIGHT_BOLD);
240 //设置字体名字
241 font.setFontName("Courier New");
242 //设置样式;
243 HSSFCellStyle style = workbook.createCellStyle();
244 //设置底边框;
245 style.setBorderBottom(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
246 //设置底边框颜色;
247 style.setBottomBorderColor(HSSFColor.BLACK.index);
248 //设置左边框;
249 style.setBorderLeft(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
250 //设置左边框颜色;
251 style.setLeftBorderColor(HSSFColor.BLACK.index);
252 //设置右边框;
253 style.setBorderRight(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
254 //设置右边框颜色;
255 style.setRightBorderColor(HSSFColor.BLACK.index);
256 //设置顶边框;
257 style.setBorderTop(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
258 //设置顶边框颜色;
259 style.setTopBorderColor(HSSFColor.BLACK.index);
260 //在样式用应用设置的字体;
261 style.setFont(font);
262 //设置自动换行;
263 style.setWrapText(false);
264 //设置水平对齐的样式为居中对齐;
265 style.setAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER);
266 //设置垂直对齐的样式为居中对齐;
267 style.setVerticalAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.VERTICAL_CENTER);
268 return style;
269 }
270 }用于测试导出的Servlet程序：
1 import javax.servlet.ServletException;
2 import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
3 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
4 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
5 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
6 import java.io.IOException;
7 import java.util.ArrayList;
8 import java.util.List;
9
10 /**
11 * @author [email protected]
12 * @version 1.0
13 * @name
14 * @description
15 * @date 2017/10/19
16 */
17 @WebServlet(name = "TestServlet")
18 public class TestServlet extends HttpServlet {
19 @Override
20 protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
21 String title = "货运单据导出";
22 String[] columnName = new String[]{"序号","num1","num2"};
23 List<Object[]> dataList = new ArrayList<Object[]>();
24 Object[] objs;
25 for (int i = 0; i <2; i++) {
26 objs = new Object[columnName.length];
27 objs[0] = i;
28 objs[1] = "1";
29 objs[2] = "2";
30 dataList.add(objs);
31 }
32 //实例化工具类
33 ExportExcel ex = new ExportExcel(title, columnName, dataList,request,response);
34 try {
35 //导出excel
36 ex.export();
37 } catch (Exception e) {
38 e.printStackTrace();
39 }
40 }
41
42 @Override
43 protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
44 doPost(request,response);
45 }
46 }