先升级系统环境

sudo yum groupinstall -y "Development Tools"
sudo yum install -y openssl-devel bzip2-devel libffi-devel

再进入源码目录，下载源码安装包

cd /usr/src
sudo wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.12.3/Python-3.12.3.tar.xz

解压后进入目录

sudo tar xvf Python-3.12.3.tar.xz
cd Python-3.12.3

配置升级安装选项

sudo ./configure --enable-optimizations

升级安装

sudo make altinstall

更新命令链接

sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/python python /usr/local/bin/python3.12 1
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/pip pip /usr/local/bin/pip3.12 1

查看更新后的版本号

python --version