GIS设计与开发课程设计（三）

using System;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using ESRI.ArcGIS.Carto;
using ESRI.ArcGIS.Geodatabase;
using ESRI.ArcGIS.SpatialAnalyst;
using ESRI.ArcGIS.GeoAnalyst;
using System.Collections;
using ESRI.ArcGIS.DataSourcesRaster;
using ESRI.ArcGIS.Geometry;
using System.IO;

        /// <summary>
        /// 使mapcontrolMain中的部分图层添加到listBox中
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="bLayer"></param>
        /// <remarks></remarks>
        private void PopulateListBoxWithMapLayers(bool bLayer)
        {
            int i = 0;
            ILayer pLayer = default(ILayer);
            listBoxLayer.Items.Clear();
            for (i = 0; i <= pCurMap.LayerCount - 1; i++)
            {
                //获取图层名字，并且加到listbox中
                pLayer = pCurMap.get_Layer(i);
                if (pLayer.Valid == true)
                {
                    if (bLayer == true)
                    {
                        if (pLayer is IRasterLayer)
                        {
                            listBoxLayer.Items.Add(pLayer.Name);
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 获取指定图层的范围大小
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns></returns>
        /// <remarks></remarks>
        private IEnvelope GetLayerExtend(string sLayerName)
        {
            ILayer pLayer = default(ILayer);
            IEnvelope pEnvelope = default(IEnvelope);
            int i = 0;
            pEnvelope = new Envelope() as IEnvelope;
            for (i = 0; i <= pCurMap.LayerCount - 1; i++)
            {
                pLayer = pCurMap.get_Layer(i);
                if (pLayer.Name == sLayerName.ToString())
                {
                    if (pLayer.Valid == true)
                    {
                        //获取分析范围的Envelope对象
                        pEnvelope = pLayer.AreaOfInterest;

                    }
                }
            }
            return pEnvelope;

        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 该函数获得栅格影像分辨率大小
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sLayerName"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        /// <remarks></remarks>
        private double GetRasterCellSize(string sLayerName)
        {
            double dCellSize = 0;
            int i = 0;
            ILayer pLyr = default(ILayer);
            IRasterLayer pRlyr = default(IRasterLayer);
            IRaster pRaster = default(IRaster);
            IRasterProps pRasterProp = default(IRasterProps);
            double cellX;
            double cellY;
            for (i = 0; i <= pCurMap.LayerCount - 1; i++)
            {
                pLyr = pCurMap.get_Layer(i);
                if ((pLyr != null))
                {
                    if (pLyr is IRasterLayer)
                    {
                        if (pLyr.Name == sLayerName)
                        {
                            pRlyr = (IRasterLayer)pLyr;
                            pRaster = pRlyr.Raster;
                            pRasterProp = (IRasterProps)pRaster;
                            cellX = pRasterProp.MeanCellSize().X;
                            cellY = pRasterProp.MeanCellSize().Y;

                            dCellSize = (cellX + cellY) / 2.0;
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
            return dCellSize;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 通过名称在MAP中找到图层
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="pMap"></param>
        /// <param name="sName"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        /// <remarks></remarks>
        private ILayer FindLayerByName(IMap pMap, string sName)
        {
            int i = 0;
            ILayer pSelectedLayer = null;
            for (i = 0; i <= pMap.LayerCount - 1; i++)
            {
                if (pMap.get_Layer(i).Name == sName)
                {
                    pSelectedLayer = pMap.get_Layer(i);
                    break; // TODO: might not be correct. Was : Exit For
                }
            }
            return pSelectedLayer;
        }

        #region "栅格运算"
        /// <summary>
        /// 在listBox中选择某一个数据名称，双击，该数据名称添加到计算器文本框中
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        /// <remarks></remarks>
        private void listBoxLayer_DoubleClick(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
        {
            txtCalculate.SelectedText = "[" + listBoxLayer.SelectedItem.ToString() + "]";
            string tmpstr = listBoxLayer.SelectedItem.ToString();
            bool blnItm = false;
            int i;
            for (i = 0; i < LayerList.Count; i++)
            {
                if (LayerList[i].ToString() == tmpstr)
                {
                    blnItm = true;
                }
            }
            if (blnItm == false)
            {
                LayerList.Add(listBoxLayer.SelectedItem.ToString());
            }

            for (i = 0; i < LayerList.Count; i++)
            {
                MessageBox.Show(LayerList[i].ToString());
            }
        }

        private void btnCalculate_Click(System.Object sender, System.EventArgs e)
        {
            IRasterLayer pRasLayer = default(IRasterLayer);
            IRaster pRaster = default(IRaster);

            IEnvelope layExtend = default(IEnvelope);
            double AnalysisExtentLeft = 0;
            double AnalysisExtentRight = 0;
            double AnalysisExtentTop = 0;
            double AnalysisExtentBottom = 0;

            string layerNameFir = null;

            try
            {
                if (LayerList.Count != 0)
                {
                    if (txtResultFullName.Text.ToString().Length != 0)
                    {
                        layerNameFir = LayerList[0].ToString();

                        layExtend = GetLayerExtend(layerNameFir);
                        AnalysisExtentLeft = layExtend.XMin;
                        AnalysisExtentRight = layExtend.XMax;
                        AnalysisExtentTop = layExtend.YMax;
                        AnalysisExtentBottom = layExtend.YMin;

                        pMapAlgebraOp = new RasterMapAlgebraOp() as IMapAlgebraOp;
                        //设置栅格计算分析环境
                        IRasterAnalysisEnvironment pRasAnaEnv = default(IRasterAnalysisEnvironment);
                        pRasAnaEnv = (IRasterAnalysisEnvironment)pMapAlgebraOp;
                        pRasAnaEnv.VerifyType = esriRasterVerifyEnum.esriRasterVerifyOn;

                        object dddd;
                        dddd = GetRasterCellSize(layerNameFir);
                        pRasAnaEnv.SetCellSize(esriRasterEnvSettingEnum.esriRasterEnvValue, ref dddd);
                        //设置分析范围pAnaExtent
                        IEnvelope pAnaExtent = default(IEnvelope);
                        pAnaExtent = new Envelope() as IEnvelope;

                        pAnaExtent.XMin = System.Convert.ToDouble(AnalysisExtentLeft);
                        pAnaExtent.XMax = System.Convert.ToDouble(AnalysisExtentRight);
                        pAnaExtent.YMax = System.Convert.ToDouble(AnalysisExtentTop);
                        pAnaExtent.YMin = System.Convert.ToDouble(AnalysisExtentBottom);

                        object dd1 = pAnaExtent;
                        object dd2 = null;


                        pRasAnaEnv.SetExtent(esriRasterEnvSettingEnum.esriRasterEnvValue, ref dd1, ref dd2);

                        foreach (string LayerName in LayerList)
                        {
                            pRasLayer = (IRasterLayer)FindLayerByName(pCurMap, LayerName);
                            //MsgBox(LayerName)
                            pRaster = pRasLayer.Raster;
                            RasterList.Add(pRaster);
                        }
                        //将容量设置为 ArrayList 中元素的实际数目
                        LayerList.TrimToSize();
                        RasterList.TrimToSize();

                        //绑定
                        int i = 0;
                        if (LayerList.Count == RasterList.Count)
                        {
                            for (i = 0; i <= LayerList.Count - 1; i++)
                            {
                                pMapAlgebraOp.BindRaster((IGeoDataset)RasterList[i], LayerList[i].ToString());
                            }
                        }


                        //获取文本框中的运算表达式()
                        string sCalExpression = null;
                        sCalExpression = txtCalculate.Text;
                        //执行地图代数运算
                        IRaster pOutRasterDS = default(IRaster);
                        pOutRasterDS = (IRaster)pMapAlgebraOp.Execute(sCalExpression);

                        //解除绑定
                        if (LayerList.Count == RasterList.Count)
                        {
                            for (i = 0; i <= LayerList.Count - 1; i++)
                            {
                                pMapAlgebraOp.UnbindRaster(LayerList[i].ToString());
                            }
                        }


                        //保存到工作空间
                        IWorkspaceFactory pWsFact = default(IWorkspaceFactory);
                        IWorkspace pWS = default(IWorkspace);
                        int hwnd = 0;
                        pWsFact = new RasterWorkspaceFactory();
                        pWS = pWsFact.OpenFromFile(sOutRasPath, hwnd);
                        IRasterBandCollection pRasterbandCollection = default(IRasterBandCollection);

                        pRasterbandCollection = (IRasterBandCollection)pOutRasterDS;
                        IDataset pDataset = default(IDataset);

                        pDataset = pRasterbandCollection.SaveAs(sOutRasName, pWS, "IMAGINE Image");

                        //输出到mapcontrol中
                        IRasterDataset pOutResultDS = default(IRasterDataset);
                        pOutResultDS = (IRasterDataset)pDataset;
                        IRasterLayer pOutRasterLayer = default(IRasterLayer);
                        pOutRasterLayer = new RasterLayer();
                        pOutRasterLayer.CreateFromDataset(pOutResultDS);
                        //MapControlMain.AddLayer(pOutRasterLayer)
                        pCurMap.AddLayer(pOutRasterLayer);
                        this.Close();
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        MessageBox.Show("保存计算结果为空，请输入结果文件名！", "错误", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Error, MessageBoxDefaultButton.Button1);
                    }
                }
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                MessageBox.Show(ex.ToString());
                //Interaction.MsgBox(ex.ToString);
            }
        }
        #endregion
        #region "保存栅格运算后的结果"

private void btnSaveResult_Click(System.Object sender, System.EventArgs e)
        {
            string pOutDSName = null;
            int iOutIndex = 0;
            var _with1 = SaveFileDialog1;
            _with1.Title = "保存栅格运算结果";
            _with1.Filter = "(*.img)|*.img";
            _with1.OverwritePrompt = false;
            _with1.InitialDirectory = Application.StartupPath;
            if (_with1.ShowDialog() == System.Windows.Forms.DialogResult.OK)
            {
                pOutDSName = _with1.FileName;
                FileInfo fFile = new FileInfo(pOutDSName);
                //判断文件名是否已经存在，如果存在，则弹出提示
                if (fFile.Exists == true)
                {
                    MessageBox.Show("文件名已存在，请重新输入", "错误", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Error, MessageBoxDefaultButton.Button1);
                    txtResultFullName.Text = "";

                }
                else
                {
                    iOutIndex = pOutDSName.LastIndexOf("\\");
                    sOutRasPath = pOutDSName.Substring(0, iOutIndex + 1);
                    sOutRasName = pOutDSName.Substring(iOutIndex + 1, pOutDSName.Length - iOutIndex - 1);
                    txtResultFullName.Text = pOutDSName;
                }

            }
        }

        //栅格计算器
        private void miRasterCalculator_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            FrmRasterCalculatornew frmRstCalDlg = new FrmRasterCalculatornew(this, axMapControl1.Map);
            frmRstCalDlg.Show();
        }

3.17 缓冲区分析

3.17.1 实现思想

（1）添加“缓冲区分析”控件。

（2）添加“地图分析”类，调用Buffer()函数进行缓冲区查询。

（3）为“缓冲区分析”控件生成点击事件响应函数。

3.17.2 实现的主体代码及注释

using ESRI.ArcGIS.Carto;
using ESRI.ArcGIS.Geodatabase;
using ESRI.ArcGIS.Geometry;
using ESRI.ArcGIS.esriSystem;

        //缓冲区查询
        public bool Buffer(string layerName, string sWhere, int iSize, IMap iMap)
        {
            //根据过滤条件获取城市名称为北京的城市要素的几何
            IFeatureClass featClass;
            IFeature feature;
            IGeometry iGeom;
            DataOperator dataOperator = new DataOperator(iMap);
            IFeatureLayer featLayer = (IFeatureLayer)dataOperator.GetLayerByName(layerName);
            featClass = featLayer.FeatureClass;
            IQueryFilter queryFilter = new QueryFilter();
            queryFilter.WhereClause = sWhere;//设置过滤条件
            IFeatureCursor featCursor;
            featCursor = (IFeatureCursor)featClass.Search(queryFilter, false);
            int count = featClass.FeatureCount(queryFilter);
            feature = featCursor.NextFeature();
            iGeom = feature.Shape;

            //设置空间的缓冲区作为空间查询的几何范围
            ITopologicalOperator ipTO = (ITopologicalOperator)iGeom;
            IGeometry iGeomBuffer = ipTO.Buffer(iSize);

            //根据缓冲区几何对城市图层进行空间过滤
            ISpatialFilter spatialFilter = new SpatialFilter();
            spatialFilter.Geometry = iGeomBuffer;
            spatialFilter.SpatialRel = esriSpatialRelEnum.esriSpatialRelIndexIntersects;

            //定义要素选择对象，以要素搜索图层进行实例化
            IFeatureSelection featSelect = (IFeatureSelection)featLayer;
            //以空间过滤器对要素进行选择，并建立新选择集
            featSelect.SelectFeatures(spatialFilter, esriSelectionResultEnum.esriSelectionResultNew, false);
            return true;
        }

        //缓冲区查询
        private void miBuffer_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            MapAnalysis mapAnalysis = new MapAnalysis();
            mapAnalysis.Buffer("World Cities", "CITY_NAME='Beijing'", 1, axMapControl1.Map);
            IActiveView activeView;
            activeView = axMapControl1.ActiveView;
            activeView.PartialRefresh(esriViewDrawPhase.esriViewGeoSelection, 0, axMapControl1.Extent);
        }

3.18 叠加分析

3.18.1 实现思想

（1）添加“叠加分析”控件。

（2）添加“叠加分析”窗口，设置相应布局和控件，为控件生成点击事件响应函数，选择“裁剪或者相交叠加分析”，若选择“裁剪”，利用BasicGeoprocessorClass.Clip()方法进行裁剪分析，若选择“相交”，利用BasicGeoprocessorClass.Intersect()方法进行相交分析。

（3）为“叠加分析”控件生成点击事件响应函数。

3.18.2 实现的主体代码及注释

using System;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using ESRI.ArcGIS.Carto;
using ESRI.ArcGIS.Geodatabase;
using ESRI.ArcGIS.Controls;
using ESRI.ArcGIS.DataSourcesFile;

namespace GISAE
{
    public partial class OverlayAnalysis : Form
    {

        //定义全局变量
        public IMap pMap { get; set; }
        public AxMapControl axMapControl1 { get; set; }

        public OverlayAnalysis(ESRI.ArcGIS.Controls.AxMapControl basicControl)
        {
            InitializeComponent();
            axMapControl1 = basicControl;
        }

        //窗体加载事件
        private void OverlayAnalysis_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            try
            {
                pMap = axMapControl1.Map;
                if (pMap == null)
                    return;
                //清空combobox
                cbInputDataset.Items.Clear();
                cbOverlayDataset.Items.Clear();

                string layerName;   //用于储存图层名字

                for (int i = 0; i < pMap.LayerCount; i++)
                {
                    layerName = pMap.Layer[i].Name;
                    cbInputDataset.Items.Add(layerName);
                    cbOverlayDataset.Items.Add(layerName);
                }

                cbOverlayWays.Items.Add("裁剪");
                cbOverlayWays.Items.Add("相交");
                cbOverlayWays.SelectedIndex = 0;

            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {

                MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);
            }
        }

        private ILayer GetLayerByName(IMap pMap, string layerName)
        {
            ILayer pLayer = null;
            ILayer tempLayer = null;
            try
            {
                for (int i = 0; i < pMap.LayerCount; i++)
                {
                    tempLayer = pMap.Layer[i];
                    if (tempLayer.Name.ToUpper() == layerName.ToUpper())      //判断名字大写是否一致
                    {
                        pLayer = tempLayer;
                        break;
                    }
                }
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {

                MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);
            }
            return pLayer;
        }

        private void OK_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            if (pMap == null)
                return;
            //获取数据集
            ILayer inputDataset = GetLayerByName(pMap, cbInputDataset.Text.Trim());
            ILayer clipDataset = GetLayerByName(pMap, cbOverlayDataset.Text.Trim());

            //裁剪
            if (inputDataset != null && clipDataset != null && cbOverlayWays.Text == "裁剪")
            {
                IFeatureLayer inputLayer = inputDataset as IFeatureLayer;
                IFeatureLayer clipLayer = clipDataset as IFeatureLayer;
                
                IBasicGeoprocessor bGP = new BasicGeoprocessorClass();
                bGP.SpatialReference = pMap.SpatialReference;   //设置空间参考

                IFeatureClassName pOutput = new FeatureClassNameClass();    //创建FeatureClassNameClass对象，用于获取输入数据集的一些基本信息
                pOutput.FeatureType = inputLayer.FeatureClass.FeatureType;
                pOutput.ShapeFieldName = inputLayer.FeatureClass.ShapeFieldName;
                pOutput.ShapeType = inputLayer.FeatureClass.ShapeType;

                //利用IDataset获得IWorkspaceName
                string fileDirectory = System.IO.Path.GetDirectoryName(tbOutputPath.Text.Trim());
                string fileName = System.IO.Path.GetFileName(tbOutputPath.Text.Trim());

                IWorkspaceFactory pWsFc = new ShapefileWorkspaceFactoryClass();
                IWorkspace pWs = pWsFc.OpenFromFile(fileDirectory, 0);  //创建一个工作空间对象
                IDataset pDataset = pWs as IDataset;
                IWorkspaceName pWsN = pDataset.FullName as IWorkspaceName;  //获取工作空间的信息(获取输出路径)

                IDatasetName pDatasetName = pOutput as IDatasetName;    //获取或设置数据集中成员的名称信息
                pDatasetName.Name = fileName;   //设置数据集中的数据成员的名字
                pDatasetName.WorkspaceName = pWsN;  //设置输出的工作空间(输出路径)

                //利用裁剪方法来进行叠加分析
                IFeatureClass featureClass = bGP.Clip(inputLayer.FeatureClass as ITable, false, clipLayer.FeatureClass as ITable, false, 0.01, pOutput);

                if (featureClass != null)
                {
                    IFeatureLayer featLayer = new FeatureLayerClass();
                    featLayer.FeatureClass = featureClass;
                    featLayer.Name = featureClass.AliasName;
                    //将结果添加到控件中
                    axMapControl1.AddLayer(featLayer);
                    axMapControl1.Refresh();
                }
            }

            //相交
            if (inputDataset != null && clipDataset != null && cbOverlayWays.Text == "相交")
            {
                IFeatureLayer inputLayer = inputDataset as IFeatureLayer;
                IFeatureLayer clipLayer = clipDataset as IFeatureLayer;

                
                IBasicGeoprocessor bGP = new BasicGeoprocessorClass();
                bGP.SpatialReference = pMap.SpatialReference;   // 设置空间参考

                IFeatureClassName pOutput = new FeatureClassNameClass();    // 创建FeatureClassNameClass对象，用于获取输入数据集的一些基本信息
                pOutput.FeatureType = inputLayer.FeatureClass.FeatureType;
                pOutput.ShapeFieldName = inputLayer.FeatureClass.ShapeFieldName;
                pOutput.ShapeType = inputLayer.FeatureClass.ShapeType;

                // 利用IDataset获得IWorkspaceName
                string fileDirectory = System.IO.Path.GetDirectoryName(tbOutputPath.Text.Trim());
                string fileName = System.IO.Path.GetFileName(tbOutputPath.Text.Trim());

                IWorkspaceFactory pWsFc = new ShapefileWorkspaceFactoryClass();
                IWorkspace pWs = pWsFc.OpenFromFile(fileDirectory, 0);  // 创建一个工作空间对象
                IDataset pDataset = pWs as IDataset;
                IWorkspaceName pWsN = pDataset.FullName as IWorkspaceName;  // 获取工作空间的信息(获取输出路径)

                IDatasetName pDatasetName = pOutput as IDatasetName;    // 获取或设置数据集中成员的名称信息
                pDatasetName.Name = fileName;   // 设置数据集中的数据成员的名字
                pDatasetName.WorkspaceName = pWsN;  // 设置输出的工作空间(输出路径)

                // 利用相交方法来进行叠加分析
                IFeatureClass featureClass = bGP.Intersect(inputLayer.FeatureClass as ITable, false, clipLayer.FeatureClass as ITable, false, 0.01, pOutput);

                if (featureClass != null)
                {
                    IFeatureLayer featLayer = new FeatureLayerClass();
                    featLayer.FeatureClass = featureClass;
                    featLayer.Name = featureClass.AliasName;
                    // 将结果添加到控件中
                    axMapControl1.AddLayer(featLayer);
                    axMapControl1.Refresh();
                }
            }

        }

        private void Cancel_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            this.Close();
        }

        private void btOutputPath_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            SaveFileDialog flg = new SaveFileDialog();
            flg.Title = "保存路径";
            flg.Filter = "ShpFile(*shp)|*.shp";
            flg.ShowDialog();

            tbOutputPath.Text = flg.FileName;
        }

    }
}

        //叠加分析
        private void btnOverlayAnalysis_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            OverlayAnalysis overlayAnalysis = new OverlayAnalysis(axMapControl1);
            overlayAnalysis.ShowDialog();
        }

3.19 创建点

3.19.1 实现思想

（1）添加“创建点”控件。

（2）添加“创建点”类，利用DrawPoint()方法画点。

（3）为“创建点”控件生成点击事件响应函数。

3.19.2 实现的主体代码及注释

public DrawPoint()
            {
                //
                // TODO: Define values for the public properties
                //
                base.m_category = ""; //localizable text 
                base.m_caption = "";  //localizable text 
                base.m_message = "";  //localizable text
                base.m_toolTip = "";  //localizable text
                base.m_name = "";   //unique id, non-localizable (e.g. "MyCategory_MyTool")
                try
                {
                    //
                    // TODO: change resource name if necessary
                    //
                    string bitmapResourceName = GetType().Name + ".bmp";
                    base.m_bitmap = new Bitmap(GetType(), bitmapResourceName);
                    base.m_cursor = new System.Windows.Forms.Cursor(GetType(), GetType().Name + ".cur");
                }
                catch (Exception ex)
                {
                    System.Diagnostics.Trace.WriteLine(ex.Message, "Invalid Bitmap");
                }
            }
        //创建点
        private void miCreatePoint_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            ICommand command = new DrawPointTool.DrawPoint();
            command.OnCreate(axMapControl1.Object);
            axMapControl1.CurrentTool = command as ITool;
        }

3.20 创建线

3.20.1 实现思想

（1）添加“创建线”控件。

（2）添加“创建线”类，利用DrawPolylineTool()方法画线。

（3）为“创建线”控件生成点击事件响应函数。

3.20.2 实现的主体代码及注释

            public DrawPolylineTool()
            {
                //
                // TODO: Define values for the public properties
                //
                base.m_category = ""; //localizable text 
                base.m_caption = "";  //localizable text 
                base.m_message = "";  //localizable text
                base.m_toolTip = "";  //localizable text
                base.m_name = "";   //unique id, non-localizable (e.g. "MyCategory_MyTool")
                try
                {
                    //
                    // TODO: change resource name if necessary
                    //
                    string bitmapResourceName = GetType().Name + ".bmp";
                    base.m_bitmap = new Bitmap(GetType(), bitmapResourceName);
                    base.m_cursor = new System.Windows.Forms.Cursor(GetType(), GetType().Name + ".cur");
                }
                catch (Exception ex)
                {
                    System.Diagnostics.Trace.WriteLine(ex.Message, "Invalid Bitmap");
                }
            }

        //创建线
        private void miCreatePolyline_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            ICommand command = new DrawPolyline.DrawPolylineTool();
            command.OnCreate(axMapControl1.Object);
            axMapControl1.CurrentTool = command as ITool;
        }

3.21 创建面

3.21.1 实现思想

（1）添加“创建多边形”控件。

（2）添加“创建多边形”类，利用DrawPolygonTool()方法画线。

（3）为“创建多边形”控件生成点击事件响应函数。

3.21.2 实现的主体代码及注释

public DrawPolygonTool()
        {
            //
            // TODO: Define values for the public properties
            //
            base.m_category = ""; //localizable text 
            base.m_caption = "";  //localizable text 
            base.m_message = "";  //localizable text
            base.m_toolTip = "";  //localizable text
            base.m_name = "";   //unique id, non-localizable (e.g. "MyCategory_MyTool")
            try
            {
                //
                // TODO: change resource name if necessary
                //
                string bitmapResourceName = GetType().Name + ".bmp";
                base.m_bitmap = new Bitmap(GetType(), bitmapResourceName);
                base.m_cursor = new System.Windows.Forms.Cursor(GetType(), GetType().Name + ".cur");
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                System.Diagnostics.Trace.WriteLine(ex.Message, "Invalid Bitmap");
            }
        }

        //创建多边形
        private void miCreatePolygon_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            ICommand command = new DrawPolygonTool();
            command.OnCreate(axMapControl1.Object);
            axMapControl1.CurrentTool = command as ITool;
            
        }

3.22 视图切换

3.22.1 实现思想

（1）创建“显示地图”和“显示页面布局”控件。

（2）为“显示地图”和“显示页面布局”按钮生成点击事件响应函数，并在此函数实现页面切换功能，并用copyToPageLayout()实现页面联动。

3.22.2 实现的主体代码及注释

        //显示地图
        private void miMap_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            if (miMap.Checked == false)
            {
                axToolbarControl1.SetBuddyControl(axMapControl1.Object);
                axTOCControl1.SetBuddyControl(axMapControl1.Object);
                axMapControl1.Show();
                axPageLayoutControl1.Hide();
                miMap.Checked = true;
                miPageLayout.Checked = false;
                miPrint.Enabled = false;
            }
            else
            {
                axToolbarControl1.SetBuddyControl(axPageLayoutControl1.Object);
                axTOCControl1.SetBuddyControl(axPageLayoutControl1.Object);
                axMapControl1.Hide();
                axPageLayoutControl1.Show();
                miMap.Checked = false;
                miPageLayout.Checked = true;
                miPrint.Enabled = true;
            }
        }

        //显示页面布局
        private void miPageLayout_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            if (miPageLayout.Checked == false)
            {
                axToolbarControl1.SetBuddyControl(axPageLayoutControl1.Object);
                axTOCControl1.SetBuddyControl(axPageLayoutControl1.Object);

                axPageLayoutControl1.Show();
                axMapControl1.Hide();

                miPageLayout.Checked = true;
                miMap.Checked = false;
                miPrint.Enabled = true;
            }
            else
            {
                axToolbarControl1.SetBuddyControl(axMapControl1.Object);
                axTOCControl1.SetBuddyControl(axMapControl1.Object);
                axPageLayoutControl1.Hide();
                axMapControl1.Show();

                miPageLayout.Checked = false;
                miMap.Enabled = true;
                miPrint.Enabled = false;
            }
        }

        public void copyToPageLayout()
        {
            IObjectCopy objectCopy = new ObjectCopy();//对象拷贝接口
            object copyFromMap = axMapControl1.Map;//地图对象
            object copyMap = objectCopy.Copy(copyFromMap);//将axMapControl1的地图对象拷贝
            object copyToMap = axPageLayoutControl1.ActiveView.FocusMap;//axPageLayoutControl1活动视图中的地图
            objectCopy.Overwrite(copyMap, ref copyToMap);//将axMapControl1地图对象覆盖axPageLayout1当前地图

        }

        private void axMapControl1_OnMapReplaced(object sender, IMapControlEvents2_OnMapReplacedEvent e)
        {
            IMap pMap;
            pMap = axMapControl1.Map;
            for (int i = 0; i < pMap.LayerCount; i++)
            {
                axMapControl2.Map.AddLayer(pMap.get_Layer(i));
            }
            //使鹰眼视图中显示加载地图的全图
            axMapControl2.Extent = axMapControl2.FullExtent;
            copyToPageLayout();
        }

        private void axMapControl1_OnAfterScreenDraw(object sender, IMapControlEvents2_OnAfterScreenDrawEvent e)
        {
            IActiveView activeView = (IActiveView)axPageLayoutControl1.ActiveView.FocusMap;//axPageLayoutControl1的活动视图的地图
            IDisplayTransformation displayTransformation = activeView.ScreenDisplay.DisplayTransformation;//活动视图的屏幕显示的显示信息
            displayTransformation.VisibleBounds = axMapControl1.Extent;//将axMapControl1的范围赋值给axPageLayoutControl1的范围
            axPageLayoutControl1.ActiveView.Refresh();//刷新axPageLayoutControl1的活动视图
            copyToPageLayout();//将axMapControl1的地图拷贝到axPageLayoutControl1中
        }

3.23 插入标题

3.23.1 实现思想

（1）创建“插入标题”控件。

（2）为“插入标题”按钮生成点击事件响应函数，调用AddTitle()函数实现插入标题。

3.23.2 实现的主体代码及注释

        //插入标题
        private void miAddTittle_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            string str = Interaction.InputBox("请输入图名", "提示", "示例地图", -1, -1);
            AddTitle(axPageLayoutControl1.PageLayout, str);
        }
        public void AddTitle(IPageLayout pageLayout, String s)
        {
            //找到PageLayout
            IPageLayout pPageLayout = axPageLayoutControl1.PageLayout;
            //找到元素容器
            IGraphicsContainer pGraphicsContainer = pPageLayout as IGraphicsContainer;
            //创建元素
            ITextElement pTextElement = new TextElementClass();
            pTextElement.Text = s;
            ITextSymbol pTextSymbol = new TextSymbolClass();//Text的符号样式
            pTextSymbol.Font.Name = "宋体";
            IRgbColor pColor = new RgbColorClass();
            pColor.Blue = 255;
            pColor.Red = 255;
            pColor.Green = 0;
            pTextSymbol.Size = 30;
            pTextSymbol.Color = pColor;
            pTextSymbol.Font.Bold = true;
            pTextElement.Symbol = pTextSymbol;
            //设置位置                        
            IElement pElement = pTextElement as IElement;
            pElement.Geometry = axPageLayoutControl1.TrackRectangle();
            //将元素添加到容器中
            pGraphicsContainer.AddElement(pElement, 0);
            //刷新
            axPageLayoutControl1.Refresh();
        }

3.24 插入指北针

3.24.1 实现思想

（1）创建“插入指北针”控件。

（2）为“插入标题”按钮生成点击事件响应函数，调用AddElement()函数插入指北针元素。

3.24.2 实现的主体代码及注释

        //插入指北针
        private void miAddNorthArrows_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            //获取axPageLayoutControl1的图形容器
            IGraphicsContainer graphicsContainer = axPageLayoutControl1.GraphicsContainer;
            //获取axPageLayoutControl1空间里面显示的地图图层
            IMapFrame mapFrame = (IMapFrame)graphicsContainer.FindFrame(axPageLayoutControl1.ActiveView.FocusMap);
            UID uID = new UIDClass();
            uID.Value = "esriCore.MarkerNorthArrow";
            if (mapFrame == null) return;
            IMapSurroundFrame mapSurroundFrame = mapFrame.CreateSurroundFrame(uID, null);
            if (mapSurroundFrame == null) return;
            IEnvelope envelope = new EnvelopeClass();
            envelope.PutCoords(1000, 1000, 18, 25);
            IElement element = (IElement)mapSurroundFrame;
            element.Geometry = envelope;
            mapSurroundFrame.MapSurround.Name = "MarkerNorthArrow";
            INorthArrow pNorthArrow = mapSurroundFrame.MapSurround as INorthArrow;
            axPageLayoutControl1.AddElement(element, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, "MarkerNorthArrow", 0);
            axPageLayoutControl1.ActiveView.PartialRefresh(esriViewDrawPhase.esriViewGraphics, null, null);
        }

3.25 插入比例尺

3.25.1 实现思想

（1）创建“插入比例尺”控件。

（2）创建“ScaleBarTool”类，设置比例尺的相关属性，调用AddElement()函数插入比例尺元素。

（3）为“插入比例尺”按钮生成点击事件响应函数。

3.25.2 实现的主体代码及注释

using System;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using ESRI.ArcGIS.Controls;
using ESRI.ArcGIS.Carto;
using ESRI.ArcGIS.esriSystem;
using ESRI.ArcGIS.Geometry;

namespace GISAE
{
    class ScaleBarTool

    {
        public static int count = 0;
        public void AddSacleBar(AxPageLayoutControl axPageLayoutControl1, IEnvelope pEnv, int strBarType = 0)
        {
            if (count > 0)
                return;
            IScaleBar pScaleBar;
            IMapFrame pMapFrame;
            IMapSurroundFrame pMapSurroundFrame;
            IMapSurround pMapSurround;
            IElementProperties pElementPro;
            //产生一个UID对象，使用它产生不同的MapSurround对象
            UID pUID = new UIDClass();
            pUID.Value = " esriCarto.scalebar";
            IPageLayout pPageLayout;
            pPageLayout = axPageLayoutControl1.PageLayout;
            IGraphicsContainer pGraphicscontainer;
            pGraphicscontainer = pPageLayout as IGraphicsContainer;
            IActiveView pActiveView;
            pActiveView = pGraphicscontainer as IActiveView;
            IMap pMap;
            pMap = pActiveView.FocusMap;
            //获得与地图相关的MapFrame
            pMapFrame = pGraphicscontainer.FindFrame(pMap) as IMapFrame;
            pMapSurroundFrame = pMapFrame.CreateSurroundFrame(pUID, null);
            //依据传入参数不同使用不同类型的比例尺
            //MessageBox.Show(strBarType.ToString());
            switch (strBarType)
            {
                case 0:
                    pScaleBar = new AlternatingScaleBarClass();//西安交互式比例尺                  
                    break;
                case 1:
                    pScaleBar = new DoubleAlternatingScaleBarClass();//双线交互比例尺
                    break;
                case 2:
                    pScaleBar = new HollowScaleBarClass();//中空式比例尺
                    break;
                case 3:
                    pScaleBar = new ScaleLineClass();//线式比例尺
                    break;
                case 4:
                    pScaleBar = new SingleDivisionScaleBarClass();//分割式比例尺
                    break;
                case 5:
                    pScaleBar = new SteppedScaleLineClass();//阶梯式比例尺
                    break;
                default:
                    pScaleBar = new ScaleLineClass();
                    break;
            }
            pScaleBar.Division = 5;
            pScaleBar.Divisions = 5;
            pScaleBar.LabelGap = 5;
            pScaleBar.LabelPosition = esriVertPosEnum.esriAbove;
            pScaleBar.Map = pMap;
            pScaleBar.Name = "myscaleBar";
            pScaleBar.Subdivisions = 3;
            pScaleBar.UnitLabel = "千米";
            pScaleBar.UnitLabelGap = 5;
            pScaleBar.UnitLabelPosition = esriScaleBarPos.esriScaleBarAbove;
            pScaleBar.Units = esriUnits.esriKilometers;
            pMapSurround = pScaleBar;
            pMapSurroundFrame.MapSurround = pMapSurround;
            pElementPro = pMapSurroundFrame as IElementProperties;
            pElementPro.Name = "my scalebar";
            //将MapSurroundFrame对象添加到控件中                                
            axPageLayoutControl1.AddElement(pMapSurroundFrame as IElement, pEnv, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, 0);
            pActiveView.PartialRefresh(esriViewDrawPhase.esriViewGraphics, null, null);
        }
    }
}


        //插入比例尺
        private void miAddScaleBar_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            ScaleBarTool scaleBarTool = new ScaleBarTool();
            IEnvelope pEnv = new EnvelopeClass();
            pEnv.PutCoords(20, 3, 10, 2);
            scaleBarTool.AddSacleBar(axPageLayoutControl1, pEnv, 0);
        }

3.26 插入图例

3.26.1 实现思想

（1）创建“插入图例”控件。

（2）为“插入比例尺”按钮生成点击事件响应函数，调用AddElement()函数插入比例尺元素。

3.26.2 实现的主体代码及注释

        //插入图例
        private void miAddLegend_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

        {
            //获取axPageLayoutControl1的图形容器
            IGraphicsContainer graphicsContainer = axPageLayoutControl1.GraphicsContainer;
            //获取axPageLayoutControl1空间里面显示的地图图层
            IMapFrame mapFrame = (IMapFrame)graphicsContainer.FindFrame(axPageLayoutControl1.ActiveView.FocusMap);
            if (mapFrame == null) return;
            //创建图例
            UID uID = new UIDClass();//创建UID作为该图例的唯一标识符，方便创建之后进行删除、移动等操作
            uID.Value = "esriCarto.Legend";
            IMapSurroundFrame mapSurroundFrame = mapFrame.CreateSurroundFrame(uID, null);
            if (mapSurroundFrame == null) return;
            if (mapSurroundFrame.MapSurround == null) return;
            mapSurroundFrame.MapSurround.Name = "Legend";
            IEnvelope envelope = new EnvelopeClass();
            envelope.PutCoords(1, 3, 20, 8);//设置图例摆放位置（原点在axPageLayoutControl左下角）
            IElement element = (IElement)mapSurroundFrame;
            element.Geometry = envelope;
            //将图例转化为几何要素添加到axPageLayoutControl1,并刷新页面显示
            axPageLayoutControl1.AddElement(element, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, "图例", 0);
            axPageLayoutControl1.ActiveView.PartialRefresh(esriViewDrawPhase.esriViewGraphics, null, null);
        }

四、课程设计的收获与感悟

4.1收获

首先，通过这门课程设计，我学会了如何使用 ArcEngine 10.2 这一强大的 GIS 开发工具。我学会了①鹰眼、空间书签、数据列表显示、创建 shapefile 文件与编辑要素；②文件（新建地图文档、打开地图文档、保存、另存为、添加数据（添加.shp、添加.lyr、添加栅格数据、退出））；③栅格数据处理功能（获取栅格目录、创建栅格数据集、添加栅格数据、格式转换、影像镶嵌、栅格数据计算器（由用户定义计算表达式））；④空间分析功能，包括据缓冲区分析、叠加分析、裁剪分析（要求采用对话框方式实现，通过对话框选择数据对象与相应的设置）；⑤几何对象的绘制（点绘制、线绘制、面绘制）并保存到指定图层；⑥视图切换（页面视图、数据视图）且实现两者的数据联动；⑦制图（插入标题、插入指北针、插入比例尺、插入图例、文字编辑）。

其次，这门课程设计让我对地理信息系统的应用有了更深入的了解。我学会了如何利用GIS技术进行地理数据的采集、处理和分析。我了解了如何使用ArcEngine的工具和功能来进行地理数据的查询、空间分析和栅格数据分析等，这些技能对于解决实际的地理问题和进行地理决策具有重要的意义。

此外，这门课程设计还培养了我得到交流能力。在课程设计中，与同学们一起讨论Bug，并解决这些问题，并提高了自己的沟通和组织能力。

最后，这门课程设计为我未来的工作发展打下了坚实的基础。面向对象，软件工程的思想，让我对开发流程更为熟悉。GIS技术在许多领域都有广泛的应用，包括城市规划、环境保护、农业和物流等。通过学习GIS设计与开发，我具备了一定的开发和应用GIS技术的能力，这对于从事与GIS开发相关的工作或研究具有重要的竞争优势。

4.2感悟

完成课程设计后，我深深感悟到地理信息系统的无限可能和广泛应用的重要性。通过这门课程设计，我对地理信息的价值和作用有了更深入的理解。首先，我意识到地理信息系统在解决实际问题和支持决策方面的巨大潜力。GIS技术可以帮助我们收集、管理和分析大量的地理数据，从而揭示地理现象的模式和趋势。无论是城市规划、环境保护还是农业生产，都可以通过地理信息系统来优化决策过程，提高效率和效果。这种对地理信息的深入应用，使我对GIS技术的重要性有了更深刻的认识。

最重要的是，这门课程设计让我意识到学习是一个持续不断的过程。GIS技术不断发展和更新，新的工具和方法不断涌现。我意识到需要不断学习和保持更新的知识，以适应快速变化的技术环境。这让我明白到，只有不断学习和提升自己，才能不断适应新的需求和挑战。

总而言之，完成课程设计让我对地理信息系统有了更深入的认识和体会。我明白了地理信息系统在实际问题解决和决策支持中的重要性，体验了同学交流合作的力量，也意识到学习的持续性和重要性。这些感悟将成为我在未来学术和职业发展中的重要指导，帮助我不断进步和取得更大的成就。