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python爬虫---起点中文网免费小说爬取下载-实战项目

 前言：

晚上刷抖音，刷到一个关于python爬虫的视频，想着重温一下之前学过的爬虫基础，好别忘记了，于是就从网上找了一个小说网站-起点中文网，由于学艺不精，搞不定vip接口，所以只能爬一爬免费的小说咯.

网站url：免费小说大全_小说免费在线阅读-起点中文网 (qidian.com)icon-default.png?t=N7T8https://www.qidian.com/free/all/

第一步：我定义了四个列表分别存储爬取到的数据

a = []#小说链接存储列表
b = []#小说名列表
c = []#小说章节链接列表
d = []#小说章节名列表

第二步：我定义了第一个函数，用来爬取小说名和小说详情页链接，并将爬取到的链接存储到a列表，小说名存储到b列表，之后会派上用场。

代码如下：

def qd():
    m = int(input('请输入要爬取的页数：'))
    for n in range(m):
        url = 'https://www.qidian.com/free/all/page{}/'.format(n)
        headers = {
            'Cookie': '_yep_uuid=d8b52da3-2e99-6aa7-6f40-b764179d5cd7; supportwebp=true; x-waf-captcha-referer=; _csrfToken=zOBoyYeRJQmHZ9hoQUBiTL2WMoK5X07zciU9oBYG; newstatisticUUID=1718464987_786877310; fu=1199187808; traffic_utm_referer=; Hm_lvt_f00f67093ce2f38f215010b699629083=1718464988; Hm_lpvt_f00f67093ce2f38f215010b699629083=1718464988; _ga_FZMMH98S83=GS1.1.1718464988.1.0.1718464988.0.0.0; _ga_PFYW0QLV3P=GS1.1.1718464988.1.0.1718464988.0.0.0; _ga=GA1.2.1668981357.1718464988; _gid=GA1.2.1024042542.1718464988; _gat_gtag_UA_199934072_2=1; w_tsfp=ltvgWVEE2utBvS0Q6KLtkk+nHj47Z2R7xFw0D+M9Os09CKcnV56F1Yd5vNfldCyCt5Mxutrd9MVxYnGJUtAgfREQRM+Sb5tH1VPHx8NlntdKRQJtA8iOXlEYcr1yujNPKG9ccBS02j4rcdBCxLBkg1AOtiJ937ZlCa8hbMFbixsAqOPFm/97DxvSliPXAHGHM3wLc+6C6rgv8LlSgWmesA7uLi0lX+ZX0jPShH9KD20hlwOnZrgPa0Pvfp/zSucirTPzwjn3apCs2RYj4VA3sB49AtX02TXKL3ZEIAtrZVignqx3I/v4baVg5CMTTq8dGgoW/QsctbQ9rxZHDSHpMyPdBPIo5AMAT/YK/8j6a2Y=',
            'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/122.0.0.0 Safari/537.36 Edg/122.0.0.0'
        }
        reponse = requests.get(url, headers=headers)
        html = BeautifulSoup(reponse.text, 'lxml')
        htmls = html.select('div.main-content-wrap  div.all-book-list div.book-img-text ul li  h2 a ')
        htmlss = html.select('div.main-content-wrap  div.all-book-list div.book-img-text ul li  p a.name')
        for i, k in zip(htmls, htmlss):
            a.append('https:' + i['href'])
            b.append(i['title'])
            print('小说名为：' + i['title'] + '   ---|---   ' + '小说链接为：' + 'https:' + i['href'])

第三步：我定义了第二个函数，让用户自己选择要下载的小说，并爬取选择的小说的章节链接以及章节名，并将章节链接存储在c列表，章节名存储在d列表，并且我在这一步以选择的小说名为名创建了一个文件夹。

代码如下：

def xz1():
    url = input('请选择你要下载的小说，将url复制到此：')
    headers = {
        'Cookie': '_yep_uuid=d8b52da3-2e99-6aa7-6f40-b764179d5cd7; supportwebp=true; x-waf-captcha-referer=; _csrfToken=zOBoyYeRJQmHZ9hoQUBiTL2WMoK5X07zciU9oBYG; newstatisticUUID=1718464987_786877310; fu=1199187808; traffic_utm_referer=; Hm_lvt_f00f67093ce2f38f215010b699629083=1718464988; Hm_lpvt_f00f67093ce2f38f215010b699629083=1718464988; _ga_FZMMH98S83=GS1.1.1718464988.1.0.1718464988.0.0.0; _ga_PFYW0QLV3P=GS1.1.1718464988.1.0.1718464988.0.0.0; _ga=GA1.2.1668981357.1718464988; _gid=GA1.2.1024042542.1718464988; _gat_gtag_UA_199934072_2=1; w_tsfp=ltvgWVEE2utBvS0Q6KLtkk+nHj47Z2R7xFw0D+M9Os09CKcnV56F1Yd5vNfldCyCt5Mxutrd9MVxYnGJUtAgfREQRM+Sb5tH1VPHx8NlntdKRQJtA8iOXlEYcr1yujNPKG9ccBS02j4rcdBCxLBkg1AOtiJ937ZlCa8hbMFbixsAqOPFm/97DxvSliPXAHGHM3wLc+6C6rgv8LlSgWmesA7uLi0lX+ZX0jPShH9KD20hlwOnZrgPa0Pvfp/zSucirTPzwjn3apCs2RYj4VA3sB49AtX02TXKL3ZEIAtrZVignqx3I/v4baVg5CMTTq8dGgoW/QsctbQ9rxZHDSHpMyPdBPIo5AMAT/YK/8j6a2Y=',
        'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/122.0.0.0 Safari/537.36 Edg/122.0.0.0'
    }
    reponse = requests.get(url,headers=headers)
    html = BeautifulSoup(reponse.text,'lxml')
    htmls = html.select('div.catalog-volume ul li a')
    print('你选择的小说章节如下：')
    for h in htmls:
        print('章节名为：' + h.text + '  ---+---  ' + '章节链接为：' 'https:' + h['href'])
        c.append('https:' + h['href'])
        d.append(h.text)
    global urls
    urls = a.index(url)
    #print(urls)
    if not os.path.exists(b[urls]):
        os.makedirs(b[urls])

 第四步：创建了第三个函数，用来下载小说，并将内容下载到上一步创建的文件夹中，以txt文件的形式，txt文件名为章节名。

代码如下：

def xz2():
    for i in c:
        url = i
        headers = {
            'Cookie': '_yep_uuid=d8b52da3-2e99-6aa7-6f40-b764179d5cd7; supportwebp=true; x-waf-captcha-referer=; _csrfToken=zOBoyYeRJQmHZ9hoQUBiTL2WMoK5X07zciU9oBYG; newstatisticUUID=1718464987_786877310; fu=1199187808; traffic_utm_referer=; Hm_lvt_f00f67093ce2f38f215010b699629083=1718464988; Hm_lpvt_f00f67093ce2f38f215010b699629083=1718464988; _ga_FZMMH98S83=GS1.1.1718464988.1.0.1718464988.0.0.0; _ga_PFYW0QLV3P=GS1.1.1718464988.1.0.1718464988.0.0.0; _ga=GA1.2.1668981357.1718464988; _gid=GA1.2.1024042542.1718464988; _gat_gtag_UA_199934072_2=1; w_tsfp=ltvgWVEE2utBvS0Q6KLtkk+nHj47Z2R7xFw0D+M9Os09CKcnV56F1Yd5vNfldCyCt5Mxutrd9MVxYnGJUtAgfREQRM+Sb5tH1VPHx8NlntdKRQJtA8iOXlEYcr1yujNPKG9ccBS02j4rcdBCxLBkg1AOtiJ937ZlCa8hbMFbixsAqOPFm/97DxvSliPXAHGHM3wLc+6C6rgv8LlSgWmesA7uLi0lX+ZX0jPShH9KD20hlwOnZrgPa0Pvfp/zSucirTPzwjn3apCs2RYj4VA3sB49AtX02TXKL3ZEIAtrZVignqx3I/v4baVg5CMTTq8dGgoW/QsctbQ9rxZHDSHpMyPdBPIo5AMAT/YK/8j6a2Y=',
            'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/122.0.0.0 Safari/537.36 Edg/122.0.0.0'
        }
        reponse = requests.get(url, headers=headers)
        # print(reponse.text)
        html = BeautifulSoup(reponse.text, 'lxml')
        htmls = html.select('div.print main p ')
        for j in htmls:
            #print(j.text + '\'')
            for k in d:
                with open(f'{b[urls]}/{k}.txt','a')as f:
                    f.write(j.text + '\ ')

最后调用函数：

if __name__ == '__main__':
    qd()
    xz1()
    xz2()

 好看看效果：

这里我选择爬取两页

这里我选择的小说为 综漫：从无职转生开始最新章节免费在线阅读

此时正在下载了

完整代码：

import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import os
from lxml import etree
a = []#小说链接存储列表
b = []#小说名列表
c = []#小说章节链接列表
d = []#小说章节名列表
def qd():
    m = int(input('请输入要爬取的页数：'))
    for n in range(m):
        url = 'https://www.qidian.com/free/all/page{}/'.format(n)
        headers = {
            'Cookie': '_yep_uuid=d8b52da3-2e99-6aa7-6f40-b764179d5cd7; supportwebp=true; x-waf-captcha-referer=; _csrfToken=zOBoyYeRJQmHZ9hoQUBiTL2WMoK5X07zciU9oBYG; newstatisticUUID=1718464987_786877310; fu=1199187808; traffic_utm_referer=; Hm_lvt_f00f67093ce2f38f215010b699629083=1718464988; Hm_lpvt_f00f67093ce2f38f215010b699629083=1718464988; _ga_FZMMH98S83=GS1.1.1718464988.1.0.1718464988.0.0.0; _ga_PFYW0QLV3P=GS1.1.1718464988.1.0.1718464988.0.0.0; _ga=GA1.2.1668981357.1718464988; _gid=GA1.2.1024042542.1718464988; _gat_gtag_UA_199934072_2=1; w_tsfp=ltvgWVEE2utBvS0Q6KLtkk+nHj47Z2R7xFw0D+M9Os09CKcnV56F1Yd5vNfldCyCt5Mxutrd9MVxYnGJUtAgfREQRM+Sb5tH1VPHx8NlntdKRQJtA8iOXlEYcr1yujNPKG9ccBS02j4rcdBCxLBkg1AOtiJ937ZlCa8hbMFbixsAqOPFm/97DxvSliPXAHGHM3wLc+6C6rgv8LlSgWmesA7uLi0lX+ZX0jPShH9KD20hlwOnZrgPa0Pvfp/zSucirTPzwjn3apCs2RYj4VA3sB49AtX02TXKL3ZEIAtrZVignqx3I/v4baVg5CMTTq8dGgoW/QsctbQ9rxZHDSHpMyPdBPIo5AMAT/YK/8j6a2Y=',
            'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/122.0.0.0 Safari/537.36 Edg/122.0.0.0'
        }
        reponse = requests.get(url, headers=headers)
        html = BeautifulSoup(reponse.text, 'lxml')
        htmls = html.select('div.main-content-wrap  div.all-book-list div.book-img-text ul li  h2 a ')
        htmlss = html.select('div.main-content-wrap  div.all-book-list div.book-img-text ul li  p a.name')
        for i, k in zip(htmls, htmlss):
            a.append('https:' + i['href'])
            b.append(i['title'])
            print('小说名为：' + i['title'] + '   ---|---   ' + '小说链接为：' + 'https:' + i['href'])

def xz1():
    url = input('请选择你要下载的小说，将url复制到此：')
    headers = {
        'Cookie': '_yep_uuid=d8b52da3-2e99-6aa7-6f40-b764179d5cd7; supportwebp=true; x-waf-captcha-referer=; _csrfToken=zOBoyYeRJQmHZ9hoQUBiTL2WMoK5X07zciU9oBYG; newstatisticUUID=1718464987_786877310; fu=1199187808; traffic_utm_referer=; Hm_lvt_f00f67093ce2f38f215010b699629083=1718464988; Hm_lpvt_f00f67093ce2f38f215010b699629083=1718464988; _ga_FZMMH98S83=GS1.1.1718464988.1.0.1718464988.0.0.0; _ga_PFYW0QLV3P=GS1.1.1718464988.1.0.1718464988.0.0.0; _ga=GA1.2.1668981357.1718464988; _gid=GA1.2.1024042542.1718464988; _gat_gtag_UA_199934072_2=1; w_tsfp=ltvgWVEE2utBvS0Q6KLtkk+nHj47Z2R7xFw0D+M9Os09CKcnV56F1Yd5vNfldCyCt5Mxutrd9MVxYnGJUtAgfREQRM+Sb5tH1VPHx8NlntdKRQJtA8iOXlEYcr1yujNPKG9ccBS02j4rcdBCxLBkg1AOtiJ937ZlCa8hbMFbixsAqOPFm/97DxvSliPXAHGHM3wLc+6C6rgv8LlSgWmesA7uLi0lX+ZX0jPShH9KD20hlwOnZrgPa0Pvfp/zSucirTPzwjn3apCs2RYj4VA3sB49AtX02TXKL3ZEIAtrZVignqx3I/v4baVg5CMTTq8dGgoW/QsctbQ9rxZHDSHpMyPdBPIo5AMAT/YK/8j6a2Y=',
        'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/122.0.0.0 Safari/537.36 Edg/122.0.0.0'
    }
    reponse = requests.get(url,headers=headers)
    html = BeautifulSoup(reponse.text,'lxml')
    htmls = html.select('div.catalog-volume ul li a')
    print('你选择的小说章节如下：')
    for h in htmls:
        print('章节名为：' + h.text + '  ---+---  ' + '章节链接为：' 'https:' + h['href'])
        c.append('https:' + h['href'])
        d.append(h.text)
    global urls
    urls = a.index(url)
    #print(urls)
    if not os.path.exists(b[urls]):
        os.makedirs(b[urls])


def xz2():
    for i in c:
        url = i
        headers = {
            'Cookie': '_yep_uuid=d8b52da3-2e99-6aa7-6f40-b764179d5cd7; supportwebp=true; x-waf-captcha-referer=; _csrfToken=zOBoyYeRJQmHZ9hoQUBiTL2WMoK5X07zciU9oBYG; newstatisticUUID=1718464987_786877310; fu=1199187808; traffic_utm_referer=; Hm_lvt_f00f67093ce2f38f215010b699629083=1718464988; Hm_lpvt_f00f67093ce2f38f215010b699629083=1718464988; _ga_FZMMH98S83=GS1.1.1718464988.1.0.1718464988.0.0.0; _ga_PFYW0QLV3P=GS1.1.1718464988.1.0.1718464988.0.0.0; _ga=GA1.2.1668981357.1718464988; _gid=GA1.2.1024042542.1718464988; _gat_gtag_UA_199934072_2=1; w_tsfp=ltvgWVEE2utBvS0Q6KLtkk+nHj47Z2R7xFw0D+M9Os09CKcnV56F1Yd5vNfldCyCt5Mxutrd9MVxYnGJUtAgfREQRM+Sb5tH1VPHx8NlntdKRQJtA8iOXlEYcr1yujNPKG9ccBS02j4rcdBCxLBkg1AOtiJ937ZlCa8hbMFbixsAqOPFm/97DxvSliPXAHGHM3wLc+6C6rgv8LlSgWmesA7uLi0lX+ZX0jPShH9KD20hlwOnZrgPa0Pvfp/zSucirTPzwjn3apCs2RYj4VA3sB49AtX02TXKL3ZEIAtrZVignqx3I/v4baVg5CMTTq8dGgoW/QsctbQ9rxZHDSHpMyPdBPIo5AMAT/YK/8j6a2Y=',
            'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/122.0.0.0 Safari/537.36 Edg/122.0.0.0'
        }
        reponse = requests.get(url, headers=headers)
        # print(reponse.text)
        html = BeautifulSoup(reponse.text, 'lxml')
        htmls = html.select('div.print main p ')
        for j in htmls:
            #print(j.text + '\'')
            for k in d:
                with open(f'{b[urls]}/{k}.txt','a')as f:
                    f.write(j.text + '\ ')






if __name__ == '__main__':
    qd()
    xz1()
    xz2()

希望能帮助到大家。 

悦读

道可道，非常道；名可名，非常名。 无名，天地之始，有名，万物之母。 故常无欲，以观其妙，常有欲，以观其徼。 此两者，同出而异名，同谓之玄，玄之又玄，众妙之门。

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