工科视角常用的论文框架。
本文含 Abstract–Introduction–Conclusions 三部分
0 Abstract
本部分最后写。不要太长，突出重点，一般在150词左右。
第1句：介绍工程背景。
第2-3句：由工程问题引出本文研究内容，强调研究内容对解决该工程问题的重要意义。如：Thus, the XX is the key problem in the engineering design of XX.
第4-5句：介绍本文核心工作。如：In this paper, XX experiment was performed to study XX problem, and XX model was proposed to predict the responses the XX. Using this model, a series of numerical simulations were conducted aiming for XX.
第6-7句：介绍本文工作的主要结论。如：The results indicate that XX. It is noted that the XX. With the increase of load amplitude, XX increases downward significantl. The proposed XX model is appropriate for the assessment of XX evolution process.
Keywords: 一般五个。
1 Introduction
第一段：工程大背景，该工程问题的重要性及解决问题的紧迫性。讲问题要从大到小，聚焦在该工程问题的核心控制因素上（即是本文研究内容）。写法如下：
In recent years，XX develops rapidly. XXX.
第二段：关于本问题的研究现状，同时突出目前研究的不足（该不足是与本文研究创新点相比的不足，以求突出本文研究内容的创新性）。千万不要记流水账，虽然写起来容易，但是会给审稿专家留下不好印象，认为对该问题缺乏深入认识。一定要以问题为导向进行分类。
如：There have been many studies so far about the XX problem. XX [1], XX et al. [2] and XX[15] proposed and developed XX method. The method provides a good evaluation tool for XX, but it is too simplified to consider the effects of XX, XX and XX.
至少应该有80%的引用文献是在近五年发表的。
若是多个问题，可将“第二段”拆写成多段，每段讨论一个问题。
第三段：介绍本文目标、工作和主要结论（比abstract要详细，可以存在一定程度重复）。
This paper aims to solve XX problem. In this paper, XX experiments were performed firstly, and it is found that XX. Then, XX numerical model was established, which can consider the effects of XX. Later, a series of numerical studies based on XX are performed to investigate XX. It is pointed out that the XX.
3 Conclusions
采用总分模式，即先写一段“帽”，再列3-5个干条。
“帽”还是总结本文主要工作，可借鉴、甚至复制abstract和introduction中相关表述。如：
In this paper, a series of XX experiments were performed to investigate XX. XX feature is studied, the effects of XX on the XX are thoroughly discussed. Based on XX model, XX method is proposed to evaluate the XX. Numerical studies are performed to investigate the evolutions of XX. The main conclusions can be drawn as follows:
（1）凝练论文最核心创新点，避免没有意义的结论，不要出现“妈妈是女人”这种废话结论。别让审稿人觉得你在侮辱他！
（2）针对特定工况下的结论，尽量少提或不提，因为这些结论没有工程普适应，容易被审稿人攻击。
（3）XX