Bootstrap

Nginx反向代理实现多应用转发

在这里插入图片描述

一、安装Nginx

1. 添加Nginx官方库

  1. 安装yum-utils
yum -y install yum-utils
  1. 配置nginx官方源
sudo vim /etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo
  1. 在文件中添加以下内容
[nginx-stable]
name=nginx stable repo
baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/centos/$releasever/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1
gpgkey=https://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.key
module_hotfixes=true

[nginx-mainline]
name=nginx mainline repo
baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/mainline/centos/$releasever/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=https://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.key
module_hotfixes=true
  1. 如不熟悉vim编辑器操作,可手动在/etc/yum.repos.d/目录下创建nginx.repo文件,打开文件后,在文件内添加以上文件内容,保存

2. 安装Nginx

  • 执行以下命令
sudo yum install nginx -y
  • 安装完成后,可使用nginx -v查看版本
  • 可使用rpm -ql nginx查看安装目录和其他文件位置

3. 配置Nginx

  1. 打开配置文件
sudo vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
  1. 默认配置文件
# /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
user  nginx;																	#work进程用户(打工者),root是老板
worker_processes  auto;															#work进程数(几个打工者)
error_log  /var/log/nginx/error.log notice;										#错误日志文件路径
pid        /var/run/nginx.pid;	
events {
    worker_connections  1024;   												#一个work可以处理1024个进程
}
http {
    include       /etc/nginx/mime.types;   										#加载一个配置文件
    default_type  application/octet-stream;  #									#默认识别文件类型
    log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '   #定义日志格式
                      '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                      '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';					
    access_log  /var/log/nginx/access.log  main; 								#指定日志路径
    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;
    keepalive_timeout  65; 														#超时时间
    #gzip  on;
    include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;   										#扩展配置(虚拟主机配置文件) 
}
  1. 扩展配置文件,对于单个不同网站配置,可自行创建
# /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
server {
    listen       80;
    server_name  localhost;

    #access_log  /var/log/nginx/host.access.log  main;

    location / {
        root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
        index  index.html index.htm;
    }

    #error_page  404              /404.html;

    # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
    #
    error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
    location = /50x.html {
        root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
    }

    # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
    #
    #location ~ \.php$ {
    #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
    #}

    # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
    #
    #location ~ \.php$ {
    #    root           html;
    #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
    #    fastcgi_index  index.php;
    #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
    #    include        fastcgi_params;
    #}

    # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
    # concurs with nginx's one
    #
    #location ~ /\.ht {
    #    deny  all;
    #}
}

server {
    listen       888;
    server_name  my_project1;
    location / {
        root   /usr/share/nginx/my_project1;
        index  index.html index.htm;
    }
    error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
    location = /50x.html {
        root   /usr/share/my_project1/html;
    }
}

server {
    listen       8888;
    server_name  my_project2;
    location / {
        root   /usr/share/nginx/my_project2;
        index  index.html index.htm;
    }
    error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
    location = /50x.html {
        root   /usr/share/my_project2/html;
    }
}
  1. fastcgi_param配置文件解释:
fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME    $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;#脚本文件请求的路径
fastcgi_param  QUERY_STRING       $query_string; #请求的参数;如?app=123
fastcgi_param  REQUEST_METHOD     $request_method; #请求的动作(GET,POST)
fastcgi_param  CONTENT_TYPE       $content_type; #请求头中的Content-Type字段
fastcgi_param  CONTENT_LENGTH     $content_length; #请求头中的Content-length字段。

fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_NAME        $fastcgi_script_name; #脚本名称 
fastcgi_param  REQUEST_URI        $request_uri; #请求的地址不带参数
fastcgi_param  DOCUMENT_URI       $document_uri; #与$uri相同。 
fastcgi_param  DOCUMENT_ROOT      $document_root; #网站的根目录。在server配置中root指令中指定的值 
fastcgi_param  SERVER_PROTOCOL    $server_protocol; #请求使用的协议,通常是HTTP/1.0或HTTP/1.1。  

fastcgi_param  GATEWAY_INTERFACE  CGI/1.1;#cgi 版本
fastcgi_param  SERVER_SOFTWARE    nginx/$nginx_version;#nginx 版本号,可修改、隐藏

fastcgi_param  REMOTE_ADDR        $remote_addr; #客户端IP
fastcgi_param  REMOTE_PORT        $remote_port; #客户端端口
fastcgi_param  SERVER_ADDR        $server_addr; #服务器IP地址
fastcgi_param  SERVER_PORT        $server_port; #服务器端口
fastcgi_param  SERVER_NAME        $server_name; #服务器名,域名在server配置中指定的server_name

二、常见操作

  1. 启动
systemctl start nginx
  1. 停止
systemctl stop nginx
  1. 重启
systemctl restart nginx
  1. 设置开机启动
systemctl enable nginx
;