【Oracle专栏】实用SQL、查询处理

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1.背景

Oracle实用查询SQL、执行处理。主要包括：

1）配置密码有效期

2）数据泵导入导出

3）表空间、用户创建

4）循环调用、死锁、SQL执行进度

2. 配置密码有效期

1）查询密码有效时长

select * from dba_profiles where profile='DEFAULT' AND resource_name='PASSWORD_LIFE_TIME';

2）查询当前用户密码到期日

select username,account_status,expiry_date,profile from dba_users;

3）设置密码永不到期

alter profile default limit password_life_time '90'; --90天到期
alter profile default limit password_life_time unlimited; --永久到期

2.数据泵导入导出

1）expdp 导出

Expdp nh_mcro_collect/xx@orclpdb1 directory=BACKUP dumpfile=x.dmp logfile=x.log compression=all

2）impdp导入

impdp NH_MCRO_COLLECT_MOVE/[email protected]/orclpdb1 dumpfile=x.dmp directory=BACKUP logfile=x.log remap_tablespace=NY_DATA_COLLECT:NH_MCRO_COLLECT_DATA remap_schema=nh_mcro_collect:nh_mcro_collect_move

3.实用执行

3.1 sql执行进度

查询sql执行百分比，很实用。

--sql执行进度：
SELECT SE.SID,  
        OPNAME,  
        TRUNC(SOFAR / TOTALWORK * 100, 2) || '%' AS PCT_WORK,  
        ELAPSED_SECONDS ELAPSED,  
        ROUND(ELAPSED_SECONDS * (TOTALWORK - SOFAR) / SOFAR) REMAIN_TIME,  
        SQL_TEXT  
FROM V$SESSION_LONGOPS SL, V$SQLAREA SA, V$SESSION SE  
WHERE SL.SQL_HASH_VALUE = SA.HASH_VALUE  
AND SL.SID = SE.SID  
AND SOFAR != TOTALWORK  
ORDER BY SE.SID;

3.2 查询死锁

--死锁 
 SELECT OBJECT_NAME,
       SESSION_ID SID,
       MACHINE,
       VS.MODULE,
       'ALTER   SYSTEM   KILL   SESSION   ''' || SESSION_ID || ', ' || SERIAL# ||  '''; ' KILL_SESSION,
       VS.STATUS,
       VS.ACTION,
       SERIAL#,
       ORACLE_USERNAME,
       OS_USER_NAME
  FROM V$LOCKED_OBJECT VO, V$SESSION VS, ALL_OBJECTS AO
 WHERE VO.SESSION_ID = VS.SID
   AND AO.OBJECT_ID = VO.OBJECT_ID
   AND NVL(VS.ACTION, '   ') <> 'Service   Management '
 ORDER BY OBJECT_NAME, MACHINE, VS.MODULE;

3.3 循环调用过程-按月份

--月份循环
function day_end_once(pDataIssue in varchar2) return varchar2 is
    vResult varchar2(10);
    vData_id  varchar2(7);
    v_date    date;
  begin
    vResult := '0';
   
    v_date := date '2022-01-01';
  
    loop
      vData_id := to_char(v_date, 'yyyy-mm');
    
      /*----业务执行过程  2024.7.8                     ----*/
      IF pg_nh_yw_xx.get_nh_yw_xx(vData_id) = '1' THEN
        vResult := '1';
      END IF;
    
      exit when vData_id = pDataIssue;
      v_date := add_months(v_date, 1);
    end loop;
End;

--循环跑批 test

declare
date_id varchar2(32);
vResult Varchar2(4000);
begin
vResult :='0';
date_id :='2022-01';

loop


vResult := pg_mp_szmx.get_mp_szmx(date_id);
exit when date_id = '2022-12' ;
date_id:= to_char(add_months(to_date(date_id,'yyyy-MM'),1),'yyyy-MM') ;

end loop ;

end ;

普通调用：

--调用
begin
  -- Call the function
  :result := pg_as_org_range.get_as_expenditure_range(pDataIssue => :pDataIssue);
end;


begin
  -- Call the function
  :result := pg_as_org_range.get_as_income_range(pDataIssue => :pDataIssue);
end;

3.4 查询2个月份之间月份清单

sql语句：

--两个月份之间的月份清单：

SELECT TO_CHAR(ADD_MONTHS(start_date, LEVEL - 1), 'YYYY-MM') AS month
FROM (SELECT TO_DATE('2022-01', 'YYYY-MM') AS start_date,
             TO_DATE('2024-08', 'YYYY-MM') AS end_date
      FROM DUAL)
CONNECT BY LEVEL <= MONTHS_BETWEEN(end_date, start_date) + 1;

3.5 创建用户

create user NH_MCRO_COLLECT_MOVE  identified by xxx
  default tablespace NH_MCRO_COLLECT_DATA
  temporary tablespace TEMP
  profile DEFAULT
  quota unlimited on NH_MCRO_COLLECT_data
  quota unlimited on ny_data;

grant read, write on directory SYS.BACKUP to NH_MCRO_COLLECT_MOVE;
-- Grant/Revoke role privileges 
grant connect to NH_MCRO_COLLECT_MOVE;
grant exp_full_database to NH_MCRO_COLLECT_MOVE;
grant imp_full_database to NH_MCRO_COLLECT_MOVE;
grant resource to NH_MCRO_COLLECT_MOVE;

-- Grant/Revoke system privileges 
grant create database link to NH_MCRO_COLLECT_MOVE;
grant create procedure to NH_MCRO_COLLECT_MOVE;
grant create public database link to NH_MCRO_COLLECT_MOVE;
grant create sequence to NH_MCRO_COLLECT_MOVE;
grant create session to NH_MCRO_COLLECT_MOVE;
grant create table to NH_MCRO_COLLECT_MOVE;
grant create view to NH_MCRO_COLLECT_MOVE;
grant debug connect session to NH_MCRO_COLLECT_MOVE;
grant execute any procedure to NH_MCRO_COLLECT_MOVE;
grant select any table to NH_MCRO_COLLECT_MOVE;

3.6 表空间扩展

查询表空间大小：

SELECT TABLESPACE_NAME, SUM(BYTES) / 1024 / 1024 / 1024 AS "TOTAL_GB", SUM(MAXBYTES) / 1024 / 1024 / 1024 AS "MAX_GB", SUM(BYTES - MAXBYTES) / 1024 / 1024 / 1024 AS "FREE_GB"

FROM DBA_DATA_FILES

GROUP BY TABLESPACE_NAME;

创建表空间：

CREATE TABLESPACE tablespace_name DATAFILE '数据文件路径' SIZE 大小 [AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 100M MAXSIZE UNLIMITED];

增加表空间：

ALTER TABLESPACE xxx ADD DATAFILE '新数据文件的存储位置' SIZE 数据文件大小;

临时表空间大小和数据文件路径：

SELECT tablespace_name, file_name, bytes/1024/1024 "Size_MB"

maxbytes / 1024 / 1024/1024 AS max_size_Gb,
FROM dba_temp_files;

临时表空间扩展：
ALTER TABLESPACE temp ADD TEMPFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/yourdb/temp02.dbf' SIZE 100M AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 1024M MAXSIZE UNLIMITED；

如：ALTER TABLESPACE TEMP ADD TEMPFILE '+DATA/TEMP/TEMP02.DBF'
SIZE 1G AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 1024M MAXSIZE UNLIMITED