Python+selenium 【第九章】封装config类/驱动类

前情提要
什么是ini文件
封装驱动类
总结
- 代码
- 博客园地址

前情提要

上一章节我们说到的是对页面元素的excel读取以及封装,讲到了操作excel操作,本章节将告诉读者如何让脚本自动执行属于不同系统的浏览器驱动,封装配置文件库,方便数据读取

什么是ini文件

首先我们要了解一下ini文件:

使用配置文件来灵活的配置一些参数是一件很常见的事情，配置文件的解析并不复杂，在python里更是如此，在官方发布的库中就包含有做这件事情的库，那就是configParser

configParser解析的配置文件的格式比较象ini的配置文件格式，就是文件中由多个section构成，每个section下又有多个配置项

ini文件格式

注意: section不能重复，里面数据通过section去查找，每个seletion下可以有多个key和vlaue的键值对，注释用英文分号( ; )

[section0]
key0 = value0
key1 = value1

[section1]
key2 = value2
key3 = value3

如何读取ini文件

python3里面自带configparser模块来读取ini文件

设置配置文件

新建conf.ini

# 配置文件处理
[DEFAULT]
# 测试网站主页面
URL = http://shop.aircheng.com/
# 默认等待时间
TIME_OUT = 5

ini文件配置
新建config_utils.py文件

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# @Time : 2022/1/4 19:34
# @Author : Limusen
# @File : config_utils


import os
import configparser

current_path = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))
conf_path = os.path.join(current_path, '..', 'config', 'config.ini')


class ConfigUtils:

    def __init__(self):
        self.cfg = configparser.ConfigParser()
        self.cfg.read(conf_path, encoding="utf-8")

    @property
    def get_host(self):
        return self.cfg.get("DEFAULT", "url")

    @property
    def time_out(self):
        return self.cfg.get("DEFAULT","time_out")

local_config = ConfigUtils()

print(local_config.time_out)
print(local_config.get_host)

config_utils.py

优化读取测试类中的超时时间

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# @Time : 2022/1/4 17:06
# @Author : Limusen
# @File : element_excel_utils

import os
import xlrd3
from common.config_utils import local_config

#  元素识别信息读取工具类
current_path = os.path.dirname(__file__)
excel_path = os.path.join(current_path, '..', 'element_info_datas')


class ElementExcelUtils:

    def __init__(self, module_name, page_name, element_path=excel_path):
        """
        优化根据模块名读取excel内容
        :param module_name: 模块内容 在element_info_datas下的模块
        :param page_name:  登录页面 login_page1.py
        :param excel_path: 查找当前路径下
        """
        self.excel_path = os.path.join(element_path, module_name, page_name + '.xls')

        # 创建excel对象
        self.work_book = xlrd3.open_workbook(self.excel_path)
        # 创建表单对象
        self.sheet = self.work_book.sheet_by_index(0)
        # 获取总行数
        self.row_count = self.sheet.nrows

    def get_element_info(self):
        info_elements = {}
        for info in range(1, self.row_count):
            # 取出每行然后进行拼接处理
            element_info = {}
            element_info['element_name'] = self.sheet.cell_value(info, 1)
            element_info['locator_type'] = self.sheet.cell_value(info, 2)
            element_info['locator_value'] = self.sheet.cell_value(info, 3)
            timeout_value = self.sheet.cell_value(info, 4)
            # 如果超时时间为浮点型则直接使用timeout_value 如果为空则使用数字5
            element_info['timeout'] = timeout_value if isinstance(timeout_value, float) else local_config.time_out
            info_elements[self.sheet.cell_value(info, 0)] = element_info
        return info_elements


if __name__ == '__main__':
    ex = ElementExcelUtils("login", "login_page").get_element_info()
    print(ex)
    for i in ex.items():
        print(i)

element_excel_utils

封装驱动类

由于我们执行selenium每次都需要创建driver对象,代码太过冗余所以将驱动类单独封装,方便其他模块调用

这里我们需要用到os模块跟系统模块sys
1.os模块需要获取我们存放驱动的路径
2.sys模块主要是为了让脚本区分当前是在windows还是mac环境

demo_browser_22.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# @Time : 2022/1/4 19:46
# @Author : Limusen
# @File : demo_browser_22

import os
from selenium import webdriver
# 引入系统类
import sys

# 获取项目顶层路径
current_path = os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(__file__))))
# print(current_path)

# 谷歌驱动地址
chrome_path = os.path.join(current_path, 'webdriver', 'chrome', 'chromedriver93.exe')
# print(chrome_path)

# 火狐驱动地址
firefox_path = os.path.join(current_path, 'webdriver', 'firefox', 'geckodriver.exe')
# print(firefox_path)

# 　edge驱动地址
edge_path = os.path.join(current_path, 'webdriver', 'edge', 'msedgedriver.exe')
# print(edge_path)

# driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=chrome_path)
# driver.get("https://www.baidu.com")
#
# driver = webdriver.Firefox(executable_path=firefox_path)
# driver.get("https://www.baidu.com")
#
# driver = webdriver.Edge(executable_path=edge_path)
# driver.get("https://www.baidu.com")

# 可以判断当前是mac还是windows
system_driver = sys.platform

if system_driver.lower() == "darwin":
    print("当前是mac环境")
else:
    print("当前是windows环境")

demo_browser_22.py

先封装简单一点的代码

新建browser_utils.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# @Time : 2022/1/4 19:44
# @Author : Limusen
# @File : browser_utils
#　封装驱动类

import os
import sys
from selenium import webdriver
from common.config_utils import local_config

current_path = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))
system_driver = sys.platform


class BrowserUtils:

    def __init__(self):
        self.driver_name = local_config.driver_name

    def get_chrome_driver(self):
        # 先封装简易代码
        chrome_path = os.path.join(current_path, '..', 'webdriver', 'chrome', 'chromedriver93.exe')
        driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=chrome_path)
        return driver

    def get_firefox_driver(self):
        firefox_path = os.path.join(current_path, '..', 'webdriver', 'firefox', 'geckodriver.exe')
        driver = webdriver.Firefox(executable_path=firefox_path)
        return driver

    def get_edge_driver(self):
        edge_path = os.path.join(current_path, '..', 'webdriver', 'edge', 'msedgedriver.exe')
        driver = webdriver.Edge(executable_path=edge_path)
        return driver


if __name__ == '__main__':
    driver = BrowserUtils().get_edge_driver()
    driver.get("https://www.baidu.com")

继续封装,通过一个方法调用不同的驱动,做成私有化

在config.ini文件当中新增驱动chrome
在这里插入图片描述

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# @Time : 2022/1/4 19:44
# @Author : Limusen
# @File : browser_utils
# 　封装驱动类

import os
import sys
from selenium import webdriver
from common.config_utils import local_config

current_path = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))
system_driver = sys.platform


class BrowserUtils:

    def __init__(self):
        self.driver_name = local_config.driver_name

    def get_driver(self):
        if self.driver_name.lower() == 'chrome':
            return self.__get_chrome_driver()
        elif self.driver_name.lower() == 'firefox':
            return self.__get_firefox_driver()
        elif self.driver_name.lower() == 'edge':
            return self.__get_edge_driver()

    def __get_chrome_driver(self):
        # 先封装简易代码
        chrome_path = os.path.join(current_path, '..', 'webdriver', 'chrome', 'chromedriver93.exe')
        driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=chrome_path)
        return driver

    def __get_firefox_driver(self):
        firefox_path = os.path.join(current_path, '..', 'webdriver', 'firefox', 'geckodriver.exe')
        driver = webdriver.Firefox(executable_path=firefox_path)
        return driver

    def __get_edge_driver(self):
        edge_path = os.path.join(current_path, '..', 'webdriver', 'edge', 'msedgedriver.exe')
        driver = webdriver.Edge(executable_path=edge_path)
        return driver


if __name__ == '__main__':
    driver = BrowserUtils().get_driver()
    driver.get("https://www.baidu.com")

加入系统判断区分当前是windows还是mac

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# @Time : 2022/1/4 19:44
# @Author : Limusen
# @File : browser_utils
# 　封装驱动类

import os
import sys
from selenium import webdriver
from common.config_utils import local_config

current_path = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))
system_driver = sys.platform


class BrowserUtils:

    def __init__(self):
        self.driver_name = local_config.driver_name

    def get_driver(self):
        if self.driver_name.lower() == 'chrome':
            return self.__get_chrome_driver()
        elif self.driver_name.lower() == 'firefox':
            return self.__get_firefox_driver()
        elif self.driver_name.lower() == 'edge':
            return self.__get_edge_driver()

    def __get_chrome_driver(self):
        # 先封装简易代码
        # 加入系统环境判断
        if system_driver.lower() == "darwin":
            """如果是mac系统执行这个驱动"""
            chrome_path = os.path.join(current_path, '..', 'webdriver', 'chrome', 'chromedriver.exe')
            driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=chrome_path)
            return driver
        else:
            chrome_path = os.path.join(current_path, '..', 'webdriver', 'chrome', 'chromedriver93.exe')
            driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=chrome_path)
            return driver

    def __get_firefox_driver(self):
        if system_driver.lower() == "darwin":
            firefox_path = os.path.join(current_path, '..', 'webdriver', 'firefox', 'geckodriver')
            driver = webdriver.Firefox(executable_path=firefox_path)
            return driver
        else:
            firefox_path = os.path.join(current_path, '..', 'webdriver', 'firefox', 'geckodriver.exe')
            driver = webdriver.Firefox(executable_path=firefox_path)
            return driver

    def __get_edge_driver(self):
        """
        驱动下载地址：https://developer.microsoft.com/zh-cn/microsoft-edge/tools/webdriver/
        :return:
        """
        edge_path = os.path.join(current_path, '..', 'webdriver', 'edge', 'msedgedriver.exe')
        driver = webdriver.Edge(executable_path=edge_path)
        return driver


if __name__ == '__main__':
    driver = BrowserUtils().get_driver()
    driver.get("https://www.baidu.com")

去除浏览器控制白条

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# @Time : 2022/1/4 19:44
# @Author : Limusen
# @File : browser_utils
# 　封装驱动类

import os
import sys
import warnings
from selenium import webdriver
from common.config_utils import local_config
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options

current_path = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))
system_driver = sys.platform


class BrowserUtils:

    def __init__(self):
        # 去除控制台警告
        warnings.filterwarnings("ignore", category=DeprecationWarning)
        self.driver_name = local_config.driver_name

    def get_driver(self):
        if self.driver_name.lower() == 'chrome':
            return self.__get_chrome_driver()
        elif self.driver_name.lower() == 'firefox':
            return self.__get_firefox_driver()
        elif self.driver_name.lower() == 'edge':
            return self.__get_edge_driver()

    def __get_chrome_driver(self):
        # 先封装简易代码
        # 加入系统环境判断
        chrome_options = Options()
        chrome_options.add_argument('--disable-gpu')  # 谷歌文档提到需要加上这个属性来规避bug
        chrome_options.add_argument('lang=zh_CN.UTF-8')  # 设置默认编码为utf-8
        chrome_options.add_experimental_option('useAutomationExtension', False)  # 取消chrome受自动控制提示
        chrome_options.add_experimental_option("excludeSwitches", ['enable-automation'])  # 取消chrome受自动控制提示
        if system_driver.lower() == "darwin":
            """如果是mac系统执行这个驱动"""
            chrome_path = os.path.join(current_path, '..', 'webdriver', 'chrome', 'chromedriver.exe')
            driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=chrome_path, options=chrome_options)
            return driver
        else:
            chrome_path = os.path.join(current_path, '..', 'webdriver', 'chrome', 'chromedriver93.exe')
            driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=chrome_path, options=chrome_options)
            return driver

    def __get_firefox_driver(self):
        if system_driver.lower() == "darwin":
            firefox_path = os.path.join(current_path, '..', 'webdriver', 'firefox', 'geckodriver')
            driver = webdriver.Firefox(executable_path=firefox_path)
            return driver
        else:
            firefox_path = os.path.join(current_path, '..', 'webdriver', 'firefox', 'geckodriver.exe')
            driver = webdriver.Firefox(executable_path=firefox_path)
            return driver

    def __get_edge_driver(self):
        """
        驱动下载地址：https://developer.microsoft.com/zh-cn/microsoft-edge/tools/webdriver/
        :return:
        """
        edge_path = os.path.join(current_path, '..', 'webdriver', 'edge', 'msedgedriver.exe')
        driver = webdriver.Edge(executable_path=edge_path)
        return driver


if __name__ == '__main__':
    driver = BrowserUtils().get_driver()
    driver.get("https://www.baidu.com")

到此封装驱动类就结束了小伙伴可以在不同的系统尝试一下

总结

本章节主要是讲述了一下ini配置文件,可以通过读取配置文件,来设置一些默认值,方便数据读取,封装驱动类方便其他模块调用,以及区分不同系统版本调用不同的driver驱动;

代码

地址 : https://gitee.com/todayisgoodday/PythonSelenium

博客园地址

https://www.cnblogs.com/yushengaqingzhijiao/category/2000515.html