Bootstrap

5、Spring Boot 3.x 集成 RabbitMQ

一、前言

本篇主要是围绕着 Spring Boot 3.x 与 RabbitMQ 的集成,这边文章比较简单,RabbitMQ 的集成没有太大的变化,这篇文章主要是为了后续的 RabbitMQ 的动态配置做铺垫。
1、Docker 安装 RabbitMQ
2、Spring Boot 3.x 集成 RabbitMQ

二、Docker 安装 RabbitMQ

1、创建docker-network

# 创建docker网络,方便后续连通多个容器
docker network create local-net

2、拉取镜像并启动容器

# 搜索 rabbitmq 相关镜像
docker search rabbitmq
# 指定版本拉取 rabbitmq 镜像
docker pull rabbitmq:3-management
# 查看本地镜像
docker images

# 启动容器命令
docker run -d --name rabbitmq -p 5672:5672 -p 15672:15672 -v /Users/kenny/docker/rabbitmq/data:/var/lib/rabbitmq/mnesia --network=local-net rabbitmq:3-management

# 查看启动容器
docker ps

# 查看启动日志
docker logs -f rabbitmq

# 浏览器进入rabbitmq控制台
# http://localhost:15672
# 默认账号: guest
# 默认密码: guest

三、Spring Boot 3.x 集成 RabbitMQ

1、pom.xml

		<!-- RabbitMQ -->
        <!-- Spring Boot RabbitMQ Starter -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
        </dependency>

2、application.yml

spring:
  # RabbitMQ配置
  rabbitmq:
    host: localhost
    port: 5672
    username: guest
    password: guest
    listener:
      simple:
        # 手动确认模式
        acknowledge-mode: manual
        retry:
          # 开启重试
          enabled: true
          # 最大重试次数
          max-attempts: 5
          # 首次重试时间间隔
          initial-interval: 1000
          # 重试时间间隔递增
          max-interval: 10000

3、初始化Exchange、Queue

RabbitFountConfig.java
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Binding;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.BindingBuilder;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.FanoutExchange;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

/**
 * @program: chain
 * @description: RabbitMQ Fount 配置类
 * @author: Kenny.Qiu
 * @create: 2024/10/12 08:59
 */
@Configuration
public class RabbitFountConfig {

    // exchange
    public final static String DEFAULT_EXCHANGE = "exchange.fount";
    // queue
    public final static String DEFAULT_QUEUE = "queue.fount";
    // routing key
    public final static String DEFAULT_ROUTING_KEY = "routing.key.fount";


    /**
     * 声明注册 fanout 模式的交换机
     *
     * @return 交换机
     */
    @Bean
    public FanoutExchange defalutFanoutExchange() {
        // durable:是否持久化,默认是false
        // autoDelete:是否自动删除
        return new FanoutExchange(DEFAULT_EXCHANGE, true, false);
    }

    /**
     * 声明队列
     *
     * @return Queue
     */
    @Bean
    public Queue defaultQueue() {
        // durable:是否持久化,默认是false,持久化队列:会被存储在磁盘上,当消息代理重启时仍然存在,暂存队列:当前连接有效
        // exclusive:默认也是false,只能被当前创建的连接使用,而且当连接关闭后队列即被删除。此参考优先级高于durable
        // autoDelete:是否自动删除,当没有生产者或者消费者使用此队列,该队列会自动删除
        return new Queue(DEFAULT_QUEUE, true);
    }

    /**
     * 声明绑定交换机与队列
     *
     * @return Binding
     */
    @Bean
    public Binding defaultBinding() {
        return BindingBuilder.bind(defaultQueue()).to(defalutFanoutExchange());
    }
}

4、接收者

DefaultDirectReceiveQueueService
import com.chain.air.rpp.exchange.config.rabbit.RabbitDirectConfig;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitHandler;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

/**
 * @program: chain
 * @description: 默认 direct 队列接收组件
 * @author: Kenny.Qiu
 * @create: 2024/10/12 10:04
 */
@Slf4j
@Component
@RabbitListener(queues = RabbitDirectConfig.DEFAULT_QUEUE)
public class DefaultDirectReceiveQueueService {

    /**
     * 默认 direct 队列接收消息
     *
     * @param message 消息内容
     */
    @RabbitHandler
    public void messageReceive(String message) {
        log.info("默认 direct 队列接收消息:{}", message);
    }
}

5、发送者

RabbitProducerService
import jakarta.annotation.Resource;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

/**
 * @className: RabbitProducerService
 * @program: chain
 * @description: RabbitMQ 生产者 Service 组件
 * @author: kenny
 * @create: 2024-10-04 01:11
 * @version: 1.0.0
 */
@Slf4j
@Service
public class RabbitProducerService {

    @Resource
    private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;

    /**
     * 向动态创建的队列发送消息
     *
     * @param queueName 队列名称
     * @param message   消息内容
     */
    public void sendMessageToQueue(String queueName, String message) {
        log.info("向队列:{},发送消息:{}", queueName, message);
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(queueName, message);
    }

    /**
     * 向动态创建的交换机发送消息
     *
     * @param exchangeName 交换机名称
     * @param routingKey   路由键
     * @param message      消息内容
     */
    public void sendMessageToExchange(String exchangeName, String routingKey, String message) {
        log.info("向交换机:{},路由键:{},发送消息:{}", exchangeName, routingKey, message);
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(exchangeName, routingKey, message);
    }
}

6、Controller

RabbitController.java
import com.chain.air.rpp.exchange.rabbit.RabbitProducerService;
import jakarta.annotation.Resource;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

/**
 * @className: RabbitController
 * @program: chain
 * @description: RabbitMQ Controller组件
 * @author: kenny
 * @create: 2024-10-03 22:02
 * @version: 1.0.0
 */
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/rabbit")
public class RabbitController {

    /**
     * RabbitMQ 生产者 Service 组件
     */
    @Resource
    private RabbitProducerService rabbitProducerService;

    /**
     * 发送消息到指定的队列
     *
     * @param queueName 队列名称
     * @param message   消息内容
     * @return 处理结果
     */
    @RequestMapping("/send")
    public String sendMessage(@RequestParam String queueName, @RequestParam String message) {
        rabbitProducerService.sendMessageToQueue(queueName, message);
        return "向队列:" + queueName + ",发送消息:" + message;
    }

    /**
     * 发送消息到指定的交换机
     *
     * @param exchangeName 交换机名称
     * @param routingKey   路由键
     * @param message      消息内容
     * @return 处理结果
     */
    @RequestMapping("/send/exchange")
    public String sendMessageToExchange(@RequestParam String exchangeName, @RequestParam String routingKey, @RequestParam String message) {
        rabbitProducerService.sendMessageToExchange(exchangeName, routingKey, message);
        return "向交换机:" + exchangeName + ",发送消息:" + message;
    }
}

四、测试

1、启动服务

2、查看RabbitMQ控制台,Exchange、Queue是否完成创建

3、通过接口发送消息

4、通过RabbitMQ控制台,往Exchange、Queue分别发送消息,服务是否接收到

下一篇:6、Spring Boot 3.x集成RabbitMQ动态交换机、队列

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