Oracle Dataguard（主库为双节点集群）配置详解（5）：将主库复制到备库并启动同步
目录
一、使用 rman 连接主库和备库，并设置好主备关系
target——主库：auxiliary——备库。
在主库的节点1执行如下命令：
[oracle@rac01 ~]$ rman target sys/oracle@hisdb1 auxiliary sys/oracle@hisdbdg
Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on Sat Jan 11 11:45:08 2025
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: HISDB (DBID=2102569523)
connected to auxiliary database: HISDB (not mounted)
二、执行复制命令
该命令可以直接恢复数据文件、standby日志文件和控制文件。
RMAN> DUPLICATE TARGET DATABASE FOR STANDBY FROM ACTIVE DATABASE;
Starting Duplicate Db at 11-JAN-25
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_AUX_DISK_1
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: SID=20 device type=DISK
contents of Memory Script:
{
backup as copy reuse
targetfile '/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/orapwhis1' auxiliary format
'/usr/local/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/orapwhisdg' ;
}
executing Memory Script
Starting backup at 11-JAN-25
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=1 instance=his1 device type=DISK
Finished backup at 11-JAN-25
contents of Memory Script:
{
backup as copy current controlfile for standby auxiliary format '/usr/local/oradata/hisdbdg/control01.ctl';
restore clone controlfile to '/usr/local/oracle/fast_recovery_area/hisdbdg/control02.ctl' from
'/usr/local/oradata/hisdbdg/control01.ctl';
}
executing Memory Script
Starting backup at 11-JAN-25
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
copying standby control file
output file name=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/snapcf_his1.f tag=TAG20250111T124752 RECID=3 STAMP=1190119677
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:07
Finished backup at 11-JAN-25
Starting restore at 11-JAN-25
using channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: copied control file copy
Finished restore at 11-JAN-25
contents of Memory Script:
{
sql clone 'alter database mount standby database';
}
executing Memory Script
sql statement: alter database mount standby database
contents of Memory Script:
{
set newname for tempfile 1 to
"/usr/local/oradata/hisdbdg/temp.263.1189953499";
switch clone tempfile all;
set newname for datafile 1 to
"/usr/local/oradata/hisdbdg/system.256.1189953387";
set newname for datafile 2 to
"/usr/local/oradata/hisdbdg/sysaux.257.1189953387";
set newname for datafile 3 to
"/usr/local/oradata/hisdbdg/undotbs1.258.1189953387";
set newname for datafile 4 to
"/usr/local/oradata/hisdbdg/users.259.1189953387";
set newname for datafile 5 to
"/usr/local/oradata/hisdbdg/undotbs2.264.1189953701";
backup as copy reuse
datafile 1 auxiliary format
"/usr/local/oradata/hisdbdg/system.256.1189953387" datafile
2 auxiliary format
"/usr/local/oradata/hisdbdg/sysaux.257.1189953387" datafile
3 auxiliary format
"/usr/local/oradata/hisdbdg/undotbs1.258.1189953387" datafile
4 auxiliary format
"/usr/local/oradata/hisdbdg/users.259.1189953387" datafile
5 auxiliary format
"/usr/local/oradata/hisdbdg/undotbs2.264.1189953701" ;
sql 'alter system archive log current';
}
executing Memory Script
executing command: SET NEWNAME
renamed tempfile 1 to /usr/local/oradata/hisdbdg/temp.263.1189953499 in control file
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
Starting backup at 11-JAN-25
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
input datafile file number=00001 name=+DATA/hisdb/datafile/system.256.1189953387
output file name=/usr/local/oradata/hisdbdg/system.256.1189953387 tag=TAG20250111T124809
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:01:35
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
input datafile file number=00002 name=+DATA/hisdb/datafile/sysaux.257.1189953387
output file name=/usr/local/oradata/hisdbdg/sysaux.257.1189953387 tag=TAG20250111T124809
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:01:05
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
input datafile file number=00003 name=+DATA/hisdb/datafile/undotbs1.258.1189953387
output file name=/usr/local/oradata/hisdbdg/undotbs1.258.1189953387 tag=TAG20250111T124809
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:07
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
input datafile file number=00005 name=+DATA/hisdb/datafile/undotbs2.264.1189953701
output file name=/usr/local/oradata/hisdbdg/undotbs2.264.1189953701 tag=TAG20250111T124809
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:07
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
input datafile file number=00004 name=+DATA/hisdb/datafile/users.259.1189953387
output file name=/usr/local/oradata/hisdbdg/users.259.1189953387 tag=TAG20250111T124809
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 11-JAN-25
sql statement: alter system archive log current
contents of Memory Script:
{
switch clone datafile all;
}
executing Memory Script
datafile 1 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=3 STAMP=1190119881 file name=/usr/local/oradata/hisdbdg/system.256.1189953387
datafile 2 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=4 STAMP=1190119881 file name=/usr/local/oradata/hisdbdg/sysaux.257.1189953387
datafile 3 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=5 STAMP=1190119881 file name=/usr/local/oradata/hisdbdg/undotbs1.258.1189953387
datafile 4 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=6 STAMP=1190119881 file name=/usr/local/oradata/hisdbdg/users.259.1189953387
datafile 5 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=7 STAMP=1190119881 file name=/usr/local/oradata/hisdbdg/undotbs2.264.1189953701
Finished Duplicate Db at 11-JAN-25
三、启动备库
1、查看备库的状态
执行完同步后，数据库状态会从 nomount --> mount。
SQL> select open_mode from v$database;
OPEN_MODE
--------------------
MOUNTED
2、正常启动备库
SQL> alter database open;
Database altered.
3、开启实时同步
SQL> alter database recover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect from session;
Database altered.
4、查看备库状态
SQL> select open_mode,log_mode,open_mode ,database_role from v$database;
OPEN_MODE LOG_MODE OPEN_MODE DATABASE_ROLE
-------------------- ------------ -------------------- ----------------
READ ONLY WITH APPLY ARCHIVELOG READ ONLY WITH APPLY PHYSICAL STANDBY
5、查看备库进程
SQL> select process, status, thread#,sequence#, block#, blocks from v$managed_standby;
PROCESS STATUS THREAD# SEQUENCE# BLOCK# BLOCKS
--------- ------------ ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
ARCH CONNECTED 0 0 0 0
ARCH CONNECTED 0 0 0 0
ARCH CLOSING 2 20 10240 1912
ARCH CLOSING 1 24 32768 265
RFS IDLE 0 0 0 0
RFS IDLE 0 0 0 0
RFS WRITING 2 21 144 1
RFS WRITING 1 25 103 1
RFS IDLE 0 0 0 0
RFS IDLE 0 0 0 0
MRP0 APPLYING_LOG 2 20 2418 12151
11 rows selected.
6、查看主库状态
SQL> select open_mode,log_mode,open_mode ,database_role from v$database;
OPEN_MODE LOG_MODE OPEN_MODE DATABASE_ROLE
-------------------- ------------ -------------------- ----------------
READ WRITE ARCHIVELOG READ WRITE PRIMARY
7、查看主库进程
SQL> select process, status, thread#,sequence#, block#, blocks from v$managed_standby;
PROCESS STATUS THREAD# SEQUENCE# BLOCK# BLOCKS
--------- ------------ ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
ARCH CLOSING 1 24 32768 265
ARCH CLOSING 1 23 47104 1418
ARCH CONNECTED 0 0 0 0
ARCH CLOSING 1 24 32769 264
LNS WRITING 1 25 151 1
四、实时同步验证
1、在主库创建 t1 表插入以下数据
SQL>
create table t1(id int primary key,name varchar2(20));
insert into t1 values(1,'mark');
insert into t1 values(2,'jack');
commit;
Table created.
SQL>
1 row created.
SQL>
1 row created.
SQL>
Commit complete.
2、在备库查询 t1 表中的数据
SQL> select * from t1;
ID NAME
---------- --------------------
1 mark
2 jack