概述:SpringBoot的自动配置就是当Spring容器启动后,一些配置类、bean对象就自动存入到了IOC容器中,不需要我们手动去声明,从而简化了开发,省去了繁琐的配置操作。
方案一:@ComponentScan组件扫描
@SpringBootApplication
@ComponentScan({"com.auto","com.example"}) //指定要扫描的包
public class SpringbootWebConfig2Application {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(SpringbootWebConfig2Application.class, args);
}
}
方案二 :@Import导入
1). 使用@Import导入普通类:
@Import(TokenParser.class) //导入的类会被Spring加载到IOC容器中
@SpringBootApplication
public class SpringbootWebConfig2Application {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(SpringbootWebConfig2Application.class, args);
}
}
2). 使用@Import导入配置类:
配置类
@Configuration
public class HeaderConfig {
@Bean
public HeaderParser headerParser(){
return new HeaderParser();
}
@Bean
public HeaderGenerator headerGenerator(){
return new HeaderGenerator();
}
}
启动类
-
```java
@Import(HeaderConfig.class) //导入配置类
@SpringBootApplication
public class SpringbootWebConfig2Application {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(SpringbootWebConfig2Application.class, args);
}
}
```
-
测试类
@SpringBootTest
public class AutoConfigurationTests {
@Autowired
private ApplicationContext applicationContext;
@Test
public void testHeaderParser(){
System.out.println(applicationContext.getBean(HeaderParser.class));
}
@Test
public void testHeaderGenerator(){
System.out.println(applicationContext.getBean(HeaderGenerator.class));
}
3). 使用@Import导入ImportSelector接口实现类:
ImportSelector接口实现类
public class MyImportSelector implements ImportSelector {
public String[] selectImports(AnnotationMetadata importingClassMetadata) {
//返回值字符串数组(数组中封装了全限定名称的类)
return new String[]{"com.example.HeaderConfig"};
}
}
启动类
@Import(MyImportSelector.class) //导入ImportSelector接口实现类
@SpringBootApplication
public class SpringbootWebConfig2Application {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(SpringbootWebConfig2Application.class, args);
}
}
4). 使用第三方依赖提供的 @EnableXxxxx注解
第一步:第三方依赖中提供的注解
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Import(MyImportSelector.class)//指定要导入哪些bean对象或配置类
public @interface EnableHeaderConfig {
}
第二步:在使用时只需在启动类上加上@EnableXxxxx注解即可
@EnableHeaderConfig //使用第三方依赖提供的Enable开头的注解
@SpringBootApplication
public class SpringbootWebConfig2Application {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(SpringbootWebConfig2Application.class, args);
}
}