BeanFactoryPostProcessor概述
Spring提供了BeanFactoryPostProcessor来对Spring的BeanFactory进行扩展。
Spring的BeanFactoryPostProcessor大致分为两大类:
(1)对BeanFactory中的Bean进行修改:org.springframework.beans.factory.config.BeanFactoryPostProcessor
(2)对BeanFactory进行新增Bean:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor,此接口是BeanFactoryPostProcessor的子接口。
BeanFactoryPostProcessor
public interface BeanFactoryPostProcessor {
/**
* Modify the application context's internal bean factory after its standard
* initialization. All bean definitions will have been loaded, but no beans
* will have been instantiated yet. This allows for overriding or adding
* properties even to eager-initializing beans.
* @param beanFactory the bean factory used by the application context
* @throws org.springframework.beans.BeansException in case of errors
*/
void postProcessBeanFactory(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) throws BeansException;
}
从上面的英文描述中可以清楚知道:BeanFactoryPostProcessor可以在应用程序上下文的标准初始化之后修改它的内部bean工厂。所有bean定义都已加载,但还没有实例化bean。这允许覆盖或添加属性,甚至是对急于初始化的bean。
BeanFactoryPostProcessor(或它的子接口)就像一个黑客一样,入侵到Spring容器中,可以对Spring容器中的Bean进行增删改查等操作。
BeanFactoryPostProcessor演示
编写Bean
@Data
public class Person {
private String name;
private Integer age;
private String sex;
}
编写BeanFactoryPostProcessor实现类
public class MyBeanFactoryPostProcessor implements BeanFactoryPostProcessor {
@Override
public void postProcessBeanFactory(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) throws BeansException {
String[] persons = beanFactory.getBeanNamesForType(Person.class);
String personBeanName = persons[0];
BeanDefinition personBeanDefinition =
beanFactory.getBeanDefinition(personBeanName);
MutablePropertyValues mutablePropertyValues =
personBeanDefinition.getPropertyValues();
mutablePropertyValues.add("name", "lisi");
mutablePropertyValues.add("age", "30");
}
}
编写Spring配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.3.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.3.xsd">
<bean class="com.spring.postprocessor.factory.MyBeanFactoryPostProcessor"/>
<bean id="" class="com.spring.beans.Person">
<property name="name" value="zhangsan"/>
<property name="age" value="20"/>
<property name="sex" value="man"/>
</bean>
</beans>
测试代码
public static void main(String[] args) {
ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context =
new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
Person person = context.getBean(Person.class);
System.out.println(person);
context.close();
}
输出结果:
Person(name=lisi, age=30, sex=man)
咦?我明明配置的是name=zhangsan,age=20,怎么变成了name=lisi, age=30呢?
看样子是在MyBeanFactoryPostProcessor#postProcessBeanFactory中被修改了。Spring执行步骤可以通过debug查看。
FactoryPostProcessor源码分析
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通过对MyBeanFactoryPostProcessor#postProcessBeanFactory打断点,可以看到此方法在Spring中的执行步骤。直接定位到AbstractApplicationContext#invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors方法中:
protected void invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) {
// invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors此方法是执行MyBeanFactoryPostProcessor#postProcessBeanFactory的位置。代码逻辑很长,会单独一个代码块进行讲解
// TODO
// getBeanFactoryPostProcessors()是获取当前应用上下文中已经注册的 BeanFactoryPostProcessor,默认情况是为空
PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(
beanFactory, getBeanFactoryPostProcessors());
//...
}
PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate#invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory, List<BeanFactoryPostProcessor>):
public static void invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(
ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory, List<BeanFactoryPostProcessor> beanFactoryPostProcessors) {
// Invoke BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessors first, if any.
Set<String> processedBeans = new HashSet<String>();
if (beanFactory instanceof BeanDefinitionRegistry) {
BeanDefinitionRegistry registry = (BeanDefinitionRegistry) beanFactory;
// 用于存放BeanFactoryPostProcessor
List<BeanFactoryPostProcessor> regularPostProcessors =
new LinkedList<BeanFactoryPostProcessor>();
// 用于存放BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor
List<BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor> registryProcessors =
new LinkedList<BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor>();
// 1、遍历beanFactoryPostProcessors(context中定义的,默认情况为空):将BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor和普通BeanFactoryPostProcessor区分开
for (BeanFactoryPostProcessor postProcessor : beanFactoryPostProcessors) {
if (postProcessor instanceof BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor) {
//1.1如果是BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor
BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor registryProcessor =
(BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor) postProcessor;
// 1.1.1 直接执行BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor接口的postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry方法
registryProcessor.postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry(registry);
// 1.1.2 添加到registryProcessors(用于最后执行postProcessBeanFactory方法)
registryProcessors.add(registryProcessor);
}
else {
//1.2否则,只是普通的BeanFactoryPostProcessor,添加到regularPostProcessors(用于最后执行postProcessBeanFactory方法)
regularPostProcessors.add(postProcessor);
}
}
// Do not initialize FactoryBeans here: We need to leave all regular beans
// uninitialized to let the bean factory post-processors apply to them!
// Separate between BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessors that implement
// PriorityOrdered, Ordered, and the rest.
//用于保存本次要执行的BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor
List<BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor> currentRegistryProcessors = new ArrayList<BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor>();
// 2.调用所有实现PriorityOrdered接口的BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor实现类
// 2.1找出所有实现BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor接口的Bean的beanName
String[] postProcessorNames = beanFactory.getBeanNamesForType(
BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor.class, true, false);
// 2.2 遍历postProcessorNames
for (String ppName : postProcessorNames) {
// // 2.3 校验是否实现了PriorityOrdered接口
if (beanFactory.isTypeMatch(ppName, PriorityOrdered.class)) {
// 2.4 获取ppName对应的bean实例, 添加到currentRegistryProcessors中
currentRegistryProcessors.add(beanFactory.getBean(
ppName, BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor.class));
// 2.5 将要被执行的加入processedBeans,避免后续重复执行
processedBeans.add(ppName);
}
}
// 2.6 进行排序(根据是否实现PriorityOrdered、Ordered接口和order值来排序)
sortPostProcessors(currentRegistryProcessors, beanFactory);
// 2.7 添加到registryProcessors(用于最后执行postProcessBeanFactory方法)
registryProcessors.addAll(currentRegistryProcessors);
// 2.8 遍历currentRegistryProcessors, 执行postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry方法
invokeBeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessors(currentRegistryProcessors, registry);
// 2.9 执行完毕后, 清空currentRegistryProcessors
currentRegistryProcessors.clear();
// 3.调用所有实现了Ordered接口的BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor实现类(和步骤2类似)
// 3.1 找出所有实现BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor接口的类, 这边重复查找是因为执行完上面的BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor,可能会新增了其他的BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor, 因此需要重新查找
postProcessorNames = beanFactory.getBeanNamesForType(BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor.class, true, false);
for (String ppName : postProcessorNames) {
// 校验是否实现了Ordered接口,并且还未执行过
if (!processedBeans.contains(ppName) &&
beanFactory.isTypeMatch(ppName, Ordered.class)) {
currentRegistryProcessors.add(beanFactory.getBean(
ppName, BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor.class));
processedBeans.add(ppName);
}
}
//3.2 进行排序(根据是否实现PriorityOrdered、Ordered接口和order值来排序)
sortPostProcessors(currentRegistryProcessors, beanFactory);
registryProcessors.addAll(currentRegistryProcessors);
//3.3 遍历currentRegistryProcessors, 执行postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry方法
invokeBeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessors(currentRegistryProcessors, registry);
currentRegistryProcessors.clear();
// 4.最后, 调用所有剩下的BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessors
boolean reiterate = true;
while (reiterate) {
reiterate = false;
// 4.1 找出所有实现BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor接口的类
postProcessorNames = beanFactory.getBeanNamesForType(
BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor.class, true, false);
for (String ppName : postProcessorNames) {
// 4.2 跳过已经执行过的
if (!processedBeans.contains(ppName)) {
// 4.3 如果有BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor被执行, 则有可能会产生新的BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor。因此这边将reiterate赋值为true, 代表需要再循环查找一次
currentRegistryProcessors.add(beanFactory.getBean(
ppName, BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor.class));
processedBeans.add(ppName);
reiterate = true;
}
}
//4.4 进行排序(根据是否实现PriorityOrdered、Ordered接口和order值来排序)
sortPostProcessors(currentRegistryProcessors, beanFactory);
registryProcessors.addAll(currentRegistryProcessors);
//4.5 遍历currentRegistryProcessors, 执行postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry方法
invokeBeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessors(
currentRegistryProcessors, registry);
currentRegistryProcessors.clear();
}
//5. 调用所有BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor的postProcessBeanFactory方法(BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor继承自BeanFactoryPostProcessor)
invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(registryProcessors, beanFactory);
//6. 最后, 调用入参beanFactoryPostProcessors中的普通BeanFactoryPostProcessor的postProcessBeanFactory方法
invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(regularPostProcessors, beanFactory);
}
else {
// Invoke factory processors registered with the context instance.
invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactoryPostProcessors, beanFactory);
}
//到这里 , 入参beanFactoryPostProcessors和容器中的所有BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor已经全部处理完毕,下面开始处理容器中的所有BeanFactoryPostProcessor
//7. 找出所有实现BeanFactoryPostProcessor接口的类
String[] postProcessorNames =
beanFactory.getBeanNamesForType(BeanFactoryPostProcessor.class, true, false);
// 用于存放实现了PriorityOrdered接口的BeanFactoryPostProcessor
List<BeanFactoryPostProcessor> priorityOrderedPostProcessors =
new ArrayList<BeanFactoryPostProcessor>();
// 用于存放实现了Ordered接口的BeanFactoryPostProcessor的beanName
List<String> orderedPostProcessorNames = new ArrayList<String>();
// 用于存放普通BeanFactoryPostProcessor的beanName
List<String> nonOrderedPostProcessorNames = new ArrayList<String>();
// 7.1 遍历postProcessorNames, 将BeanFactoryPostProcessor按实现PriorityOrdered、实现Ordered接口、普通三种区分开
for (String ppName : postProcessorNames) {
if (processedBeans.contains(ppName)) {
//7.2 跳过已经执行过的
} else if (beanFactory.isTypeMatch(ppName, PriorityOrdered.class)) {
//7.3 添加实现了PriorityOrdered接口的BeanFactoryPostProcessor
priorityOrderedPostProcessors.add(beanFactory.getBean(
ppName, BeanFactoryPostProcessor.class));
} else if (beanFactory.isTypeMatch(ppName, Ordered.class)) {
//7.4 添加实现了Ordered接口的BeanFactoryPostProcessor的beanName
orderedPostProcessorNames.add(ppName);
} else {
//7.5 添加剩下的普通BeanFactoryPostProcessor的beanName
nonOrderedPostProcessorNames.add(ppName);
}
}
//8. 调用所有实现PriorityOrdered接口的BeanFactoryPostProcessor
//8.1 对priorityOrderedPostProcessors排序
sortPostProcessors(priorityOrderedPostProcessors, beanFactory);
//8.2 遍历priorityOrderedPostProcessors, 执行postProcessBeanFactory方法
invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(priorityOrderedPostProcessors, beanFactory);
//9. 调用所有实现Ordered接口的BeanFactoryPostProcessor
List<BeanFactoryPostProcessor> orderedPostProcessors =
new ArrayList<BeanFactoryPostProcessor>();
for (String postProcessorName : orderedPostProcessorNames) {
//9.1 获取postProcessorName对应的bean实例, 添加到orderedPostProcessors, 准备执行
orderedPostProcessors.add(beanFactory.getBean(
postProcessorName, BeanFactoryPostProcessor.class));
}
//9.2 对orderedPostProcessors排序
sortPostProcessors(orderedPostProcessors, beanFactory);
//9.3 遍历orderedPostProcessors, 执行postProcessBeanFactory方法
invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(orderedPostProcessors, beanFactory);
//10. 调用所有剩下的BeanFactoryPostProcessor
List<BeanFactoryPostProcessor> nonOrderedPostProcessors =
new ArrayList<BeanFactoryPostProcessor>();
for (String postProcessorName : nonOrderedPostProcessorNames) {
//10.1 获取postProcessorName对应的bean实例, 添加到nonOrderedPostProcessors, 准备执行
nonOrderedPostProcessors.add(beanFactory.getBean(
postProcessorName, BeanFactoryPostProcessor.class));
}
//10.2 遍历nonOrderedPostProcessors, 执行postProcessBeanFactory方法
invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(nonOrderedPostProcessors, beanFactory);
//12. 清除元数据缓存(mergedBeanDefinitions、allBeanNamesByType、singletonBeanNamesByType),因为后处理器可能已经修改了原始元数据,例如, 替换值中的占位符...
beanFactory.clearMetadataCache();
}
参考文章:https://blog.csdn.net/v123411739/article/details/87741251
代码看似很多,但是逻辑不复杂。就是将BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor优先级从高到低的Bean依次执行;接着将FactoryPostProcessor优先级从高到低的Bean依次执行。
FactoryPostProcessor应用场景
FactoryPostProcessor典型的使用场景之一是:占位符替换。
在Spring中,可以通过配置外部配置文件,可以在Spring配置文件中使用占位符进行动态配置。即:通过引用配置文件中的key,在运行时,Spring再讲外部配置文件中key对应的value进行替换占位符,从而达到动态配置的功能。
在Spring中,org.springframework.context.support.PropertySourcesPlaceholderConfigurer就用于替换Spring容器中的BeanDefinition的相关属性值中的占位符进行替换。其大致流程为:PropertySourcesPlaceholderConfigurer读取Spring的Environment中的配置信息(包含系统配置信息、JVM配置信息、外部配置文件配置信息),然后将BeanDefinition的相关属性值中的占位符进行替换。从而达到动态配置的作用。
BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor
对于上面描述中“将BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor优先级从高到低的Bean依次执行;接着将FactoryPostProcessor优先级从高到低的Bean依次执行。”,BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor又有什么作用呢?
/**
扩展到标准的{@link BeanFactoryPostProcessor} SPI,允许在常规的之前注册进一步的bean定义BeanFactoryPostProcessor检测开始起作用。特别是,BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor可以注册更多的bean定义,这些定义又定义了BeanFactoryPostProcessor实例。
*/
public interface BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor extends BeanFactoryPostProcessor {
/*
在应用程序上下文的标准初始化之后修改它的内部bean定义注册表。所有常规bean定义都已加载,
但还没有实例化任何bean。这允许在下一个后处理阶段开始之前添加更多的bean定义。
*/
void postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry(BeanDefinitionRegistry registry)
throws BeansException;
}
从上面的描述来看,BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor是对BeanFactoryPostProcessor的一个扩展,BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor除了像BeanFactoryPostProcessor可以在应用程序上下文的标准初始化之后修改它的内部bean工厂外,还可以往Bean工厂中新增bean。
编写BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor实现类
public class MyBeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor implements BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor {
@Override
public void postProcessBeanFactory(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) throws BeansException {
// TODO
}
@Override
public void postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry(BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) throws BeansException {
RootBeanDefinition beanDefinition = new RootBeanDefinition(Person.class);
MutablePropertyValues mutablePropertyValues = beanDefinition.getPropertyValues();
PropertyValue pv1 = new PropertyValue("name", "zhangsan");
PropertyValue pv2 = new PropertyValue("age", "20");
PropertyValue pv3 = new PropertyValue("sex", "man");
mutablePropertyValues.addPropertyValue(pv1);
mutablePropertyValues.addPropertyValue(pv2);
mutablePropertyValues.addPropertyValue(pv3);
registry.registerBeanDefinition("person", beanDefinition);
}
}
编写Spring配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<bean
class="com.spring.postprocessor.factory.MyBeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor"/>
</beans>
测试代码
public static void main(String[] args) {
ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context =
new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("SpringContext.xml");
Person person = context.getBean(Person.class);
System.out.println(person);
context.close();
}
输出结果:
Person(name=zhangsan, age=20, sex=man)
在配置文件中虽然没有定义Person的配置信息,但是程序还能运行成功,并且输出了Person的相关信息。说明MyBeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor往Spring容器中注册了一个Person Bean。
MyBeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor的使用场景
在很多情况下,如果需要批量扫描一定规则,将符合规则的的Class加载到Spring容器中,那么可以使用此接口完成此功能。
如在Mybatis中,对于符合条件的Mapper,可以将其加载到Spring容器中,让Spring来管理Mybatis的Mapper。org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer就是做这样的逻辑操作。