数据库增量备份和全量备份

1.修改配置

首先打开配置文件my.ini

添加以下配置

#log-bin="JSSM-20230617FY-bin"
log-bin="mysql-bin"

# Server Id.
server-id=1

#指令指定写入二进制日志的事件格式
binlog_format=MIXED

添加完之后对MySQL服务进行重启

重启之后可以发现在MySQL文件的Data目录下多了以下二进制文件

2.撰写增量备份和全量备份的脚本

2.1 全量备份

创建fullBackup.bat



@echo off
:: 设置备份相关的配置
::改为自己的账号
set MYSQL_USER=roXX    
::改为自己的密码
set MYSQL_PASSWORD=123XX
set MYSQL_HOST=localhost
set MYSQL_PORT=3306
::改成自己的数据库名字
set DATABASE_NAME=trigger
:: ::改成自己要存储全量备份存储路径      
set BACKUP_DIR=D:\zengliangandquanliang\full
:: 修改直接的MySQL bin 目录路径
set MYSQL_BIN=C:\ProgramData\MySQL\MySQL Server 8.0\Data

:: 获取当前日期时间，格式为YYYY-MM-DD_HH-MM-SS
for /f "tokens=2 delims==" %%I in ('"wmic os get LocalDateTime /value | findstr ="') do set datetime=%%I
set date=%datetime:~0,4%-%datetime:~4,2%-%datetime:~6,2%
set time=%datetime:~8,2%-%datetime:~10,2%-%datetime:~12,2%
set timestamp=%date%_%time%

:: 创建备份目录
mkdir "%BACKUP_DIR%" 2>nul

:: 设置备份文件路径
set BACKUP_FILE=%BACKUP_DIR%\MySQL_FullBackup_%timestamp%.sql

:: 执行全量备份
echo 开始全量备份...


::跳转自己mysql安装位置
pushd C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 8.0\bin
mysqldump -u %MYSQL_USER% -p%MYSQL_PASSWORD% -h%MYSQL_HOST% -P%MYSQL_PORT% %DATABASE_NAME% --routines --events --single-transaction > "%BACKUP_FILE%"


REM 删除超过30天的备份文件（可选）
forfiles /p "%BACKUP_DIR%" /m *.sql /d -30 /c "cmd /c del @path"

[mysqldump]

user=user_name
password=password

按照以下要求进行修改

修改完之后双击运行，下图所示为全量备份的SQL文件

2.2 增量备份

创建incremental_backup.bat


@echo off
:: 设置备份相关的配置
set MYSQL_USER=roXXt             
set MYSQL_PASSWORD=123XXX
set MYSQL_HOST=localhost
set MYSQL_PORT=3306
set DATABASE_NAME=trigger
:: 增量备份存储路径      
set BACKUP_DIR=D:\zengliangandquanliang\incremental
:: MySQL bin 目录路径
set MYSQL_BIN=C:\ProgramData\MySQL\MySQL Server 8.0\Data

:: 获取当前日期时间，格式为YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS
for /f "tokens=2 delims==" %%I in ('"wmic os get LocalDateTime /value | findstr ="') do set datetime=%%I
set current_date=%datetime:~0,4%-%datetime:~4,2%-%datetime:~6,2%
set current_time=%datetime:~8,2%-%datetime:~10,2%-%datetime:~12,2%
set timestamp=%current_date% %current_time%


pushd C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 8.0\bin
for /f "tokens=1,2" %%a in ('mysql -u%MYSQL_USER% -p%MYSQL_PASSWORD% -e "SHOW MASTER STATUS;" -N') do (
    set binlog_file=%%a
)

for /f "delims=" %%A in ('powershell -NoProfile -Command "(Get-Date).AddMinutes(-10).ToString('yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss')"') do set past_time=%%A
echo 当前时间减去10分钟：%past_time%

:: 输出备份时间范围
:: echo 上次备份时间：%LAST_BACKUP_TIME%
echo 十分钟前时间：%past_time%
echo 当前时间：%timestamp%



:: 设置备份文件路径
REM set BACKUP_FILE=%BACKUP_DIR%\MySQL_IncrementalBackup_%current_date%_%current_time%.binlog
set BACKUP_FILE=%BACKUP_DIR%\MySQL_IncrementalBackup_%current_date%_%current_time%.sql

echo %BACKUP_FILE%
:: 执行基于时间的增量备份

echo 开始增量备份，从时间：%past_time% 到时间：%timestamp% ...

pushd C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 8.0\bin
mysqlbinlog -u%MYSQL_USER% -p%MYSQL_PASSWORD% "C:\ProgramData\MySQL\MySQL Server 8.0\Data\%binlog_file%" --start-datetime="%past_time%" --stop-datetime="%timestamp%" > %BACKUP_FILE%

REM 删除超过30天的备份文件（可选）
forfiles /p "%BACKUP_DIR%" /m *.sql /d -30 /c "cmd /c del @path"

[mysqldump]

user=user_name
password=password

3. 增量备份恢复

!

举例：我们在trrgger库中的people表新增一条记录名叫：X123X

执行增量备份的bat文件