Bootstrap

Nginx的高可用集群

1、什么是 nginx高可用

只有一台nginx服务器时,如果nginx服务器宕机了,那么请求就无法访问。

要实现高可用,那就可以部署多台nginx服务器,下面以两台nginx服务器为例,示意图如下:

要配置nginx集群,至少需要满足一下条件: 

(1)需要两台nginx服务器
(2)需要keepalived
(3)需要虚拟ip

2、配置高可用的Nginx集群

(1)需要两台服务器 192.168.200.130和192.168.200.131


(2)在两台服务器安装nginx

(3)在两台服务器安装keepalived

 yum install keepalived -y

安装过程遇到了报错,解决方法参考:

nginx+keepalived配置踩过的坑_steven在学习的博客-CSDN博客

安装完成后查看版本信息:

 安装之后,在etc里面生成目录 keepalived,有文件 keepalived.conf

(4)完成高可用配置(主从配置)

主服务器keepalived.conf配置文件内容:

! Configuration File for keepalived

global_defs {
   notification_email {
     [email protected]
     [email protected]
     [email protected]
   }
   notification_email_from [email protected]
   smtp_server 192.168.200.130
   smtp_connect_timeout 30
   router_id LVS_DEVEL
   vrrp_skip_check_adv_addr
   vrrp_strict
   vrrp_garp_interval 0
   vrrp_gna_interval 0
}

vrrp_script chk_http_port {

  script "/usr/local/src/nginx_check.sh"
  interval 2
  weight 2
}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state MAXTER
    interface ens33
    virtual_router_id 51
    priority 100
    advert_int 1
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 1111
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        192.168.200.100
    }
}

从服务器keepalived.conf配置文件内容:

! Configuration File for keepalived

global_defs {
   notification_email {
     [email protected]
     [email protected]
     [email protected]
   }
   notification_email_from [email protected]
   smtp_server 192.168.200.131
   smtp_connect_timeout 30
   router_id LVS_DEVEL
   vrrp_skip_check_adv_addr
   vrrp_strict
   vrrp_garp_interval 0
   vrrp_gna_interval 0
}

vrrp_script chk_http_port {

  script "/usr/local/src/nginx_check.sh"
  interval 2
  weight 2
}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state BACKUP
    interface ens33
    virtual_router_id 51
    priority 90
    advert_int 1
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 1111
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        192.168.200.100
    }
}

在主从服务器的/usr/local/src添加检测脚本nginx_check.sh

#!/bin/bash
A=`ps -C nginx –no-header |wc -l`
if [ $A -eq 0 ];then
    /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
    sleep 2
    if [ `ps -C nginx --no-header |wc -l` -eq 0 ];then
        killall keepalived
    fi
fi

把两台服务器上 nginx和keepalived启动
启动 nginx:./nginx
启动 keepalived:systemctl start keepalived.service

查看keepalived进程

(5)最终测试

在浏览器地址栏输入虚拟ip地址192.168.200.100

能访问到nginx主页,说明配置是成功。

用ip a命令也可以看到,两台服务器都已经绑定了虚拟ip

把主服务器(192.168.200.130)nginx和keepalived停止,再输入192.168.200.100(虚拟ip)

 再次查看进程

进程已经不存在了

这时候再次访问虚拟ip

这时候访问的就是从服务器(192.168.200.131) 

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