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easyexcel导出导入完整版

easyexcel实现文件导入导出

1，环境配置

我用的是springboot项目
（1）首先pom.xml

 <!--阿里巴巴easyexcel-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>easyexcel</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.2-beta5</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
            <artifactId>poi</artifactId>
            <version>3.17</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
            <artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId>
            <version>3.17</version>
        </dependency>

（2）放几个工具类

1，Excelexception，excel异常类

package cn.project.cnfedu.utils;

/**
 * Created with IntelliJ IDEA
 *
 * @Author liangjiansong [email protected]
 * @Description Excel 解析 Exception
 * @Date 2020-6-2
 * @Time 20:05
 */
public class ExcelException extends RuntimeException {
    public ExcelException(String message) {
        super(message);
    }
}

2，Excellistener，excel监听类

package cn.project.cnfedu.utils;

import com.alibaba.excel.context.AnalysisContext;
import com.alibaba.excel.event.AnalysisEventListener;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * Created with IntelliJ IDEA
 *
 *@Author liangjiansong [email protected]
 *@Description Excel 解析 Exception
 *@Date 2020-6-2
 *@Time 20:05
 */
public class ExcelListener extends AnalysisEventListener {

    //自定义用于暂时存储data。
    //可以通过实例获取该值
    private List<Object> datas = new ArrayList<>();

    /**
     * 通过 AnalysisContext 对象还可以获取当前 sheet，当前行等数据
     */
    @Override
    public void invoke(Object object, AnalysisContext context) {
        //数据存储到list，供批量处理，或后续自己业务逻辑处理。
        datas.add(object);
        //根据业务自行 do something
        doSomething();

        /*
        如数据过大，可以进行定量分批处理
        if(datas.size()<=100){
            datas.add(object);
        }else {
            doSomething();
            datas = new ArrayList<Object>();
        }
         */

    }

    /**
     * 根据业务自行实现该方法
     */
    private void doSomething() {
    }

    @Override
    public void doAfterAllAnalysed(AnalysisContext context) {
        /*
            datas.clear();
            解析结束销毁不用的资源
         */
    }

    public List<Object> getDatas() {
        return datas;
    }

    public void setDatas(List<Object> datas) {
        this.datas = datas;
    }
}

3，excelUtil工具类

package cn.project.cnfedu.utils;

import com.alibaba.excel.ExcelReader;
import com.alibaba.excel.ExcelWriter;
import com.alibaba.excel.metadata.BaseRowModel;
import com.alibaba.excel.metadata.Sheet;
import com.alibaba.excel.support.ExcelTypeEnum;

import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.*;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * Created with IntelliJ IDEA
 *
 *@Author liangjiansong [email protected]
 *@Description Excel 解析 Exception
 *@Date 2020-6-2
 *@Time 20:05
 */
public class ExcelUtil {
    /**
     * 读取 Excel(多个 sheet)
     *
     * @param excel    文件
     * @param rowModel 实体类映射，继承 BaseRowModel 类
     * @return Excel 数据 list
     */
    public static List<Object> readExcel(MultipartFile excel, BaseRowModel rowModel) throws Exception {
        ExcelListener excelListener = new ExcelListener();
        ExcelReader reader = getReader(excel, excelListener);
        if (reader == null) {
            return null;
        }
        for (Sheet sheet : reader.getSheets()) {
            if (rowModel != null) {
                sheet.setClazz(rowModel.getClass());
            }
            reader.read(sheet);
        }
        return excelListener.getDatas();
    }

    /**
     * 读取某个 sheet 的 Excel
     *
     * @param excel    文件
     * @param rowModel 实体类映射，继承 BaseRowModel 类
     * @param sheetNo  sheet 的序号 从1开始
     * @return Excel 数据 list
     */
    public static List<Object> readExcel(MultipartFile excel, BaseRowModel rowModel, int sheetNo) throws Exception {
        return readExcel(excel, rowModel, sheetNo, 1);
    }

    /**
     * 读取某个 sheet 的 Excel
     *
     * @param excel       文件
     * @param rowModel    实体类映射，继承 BaseRowModel 类
     * @param sheetNo     sheet 的序号 从1开始
     * @param headLineNum 表头行数，默认为1
     * @return Excel 数据 list
     */
    public static List<Object> readExcel(MultipartFile excel, BaseRowModel rowModel, int sheetNo,
                                         int headLineNum) throws Exception {
        ExcelListener excelListener = new ExcelListener();
        ExcelReader reader = getReader(excel, excelListener);
        if (reader == null) {
            return null;
        }
        reader.read(new Sheet(sheetNo, headLineNum, rowModel.getClass()));
        return excelListener.getDatas();
    }

    /**
     * 导出 Excel ：一个 sheet，带表头
     *
     * @param response  HttpServletResponse
     * @param list      数据 list，每个元素为一个 BaseRowModel
     * @param fileName  导出的文件名
     * @param sheetName 导入文件的 sheet 名
     * @param object    映射实体类，Excel 模型
     */
    public static void writeExcel(HttpServletResponse response, List<? extends BaseRowModel> list,
                                  String fileName, String sheetName, BaseRowModel object) {
        ExcelWriter writer = new ExcelWriter(getOutputStream(fileName, response), ExcelTypeEnum.XLSX);
        Sheet sheet = new Sheet(1, 0, object.getClass());
        sheet.setSheetName(sheetName);
        writer.write(list, sheet);
        writer.finish();
    }

    /**
     * 导出 Excel ：多个 sheet，带表头
     *
     * @param response  HttpServletResponse
     * @param list      数据 list，每个元素为一个 BaseRowModel
     * @param fileName  导出的文件名
     * @param sheetName 导入文件的 sheet 名
     * @param object    映射实体类，Excel 模型
     */
    public static ExcelWriterFactroy writeExcelWithSheets(HttpServletResponse response, List<? extends BaseRowModel> list,
                                                          String fileName, String sheetName, BaseRowModel object) {
        ExcelWriterFactroy writer = new ExcelWriterFactroy(getOutputStream(fileName, response), ExcelTypeEnum.XLSX);
        Sheet sheet = new Sheet(1, 0, object.getClass());
        sheet.setSheetName(sheetName);
        writer.write(list, sheet);
        return writer;
    }

    /**
     * 导出文件时为Writer生成OutputStream
     */
    private static OutputStream getOutputStream(String fileName, HttpServletResponse response) {
        //创建本地文件
        String filePath = fileName + ".xlsx";
        File dbfFile = new File(filePath);
        try {
            if (!dbfFile.exists() || dbfFile.isDirectory()) {
                dbfFile.createNewFile();
            }
            fileName = new String(filePath.getBytes(), "ISO-8859-1");
            response.addHeader("Content-Disposition", "filename=" + fileName);
            return response.getOutputStream();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            return null;
        }
    }


    /**
     * 返回 ExcelReader
     *
     * @param excel         需要解析的 Excel 文件
     * @param excelListener new ExcelListener()
     */
    private static ExcelReader getReader(MultipartFile excel,
                                         ExcelListener excelListener) throws Exception {
        String filename = excel.getOriginalFilename();
        if (filename == null || (!filename.toLowerCase().endsWith(".xls") && !filename.toLowerCase().endsWith(".xlsx"))) {
            throw new Exception("文件格式错误！");
        }
        InputStream inputStream;
        try {
            inputStream = new BufferedInputStream(excel.getInputStream());
            return new ExcelReader(inputStream, null, excelListener, false);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return null;
    }
}

4，excelWriterFactory

package cn.project.cnfedu.utils;

import com.alibaba.excel.ExcelWriter;
import com.alibaba.excel.metadata.BaseRowModel;
import com.alibaba.excel.metadata.Sheet;
import com.alibaba.excel.support.ExcelTypeEnum;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * Created with IntelliJ IDEA
 *
 *@Author liangjiansong [email protected]
 *@Description Excel 解析 Exception
 *@Date 2020-6-2
 *@Time 20:05
 */
public class ExcelWriterFactroy extends ExcelWriter {
    private OutputStream outputStream;
    private int sheetNo = 1;

    public ExcelWriterFactroy(OutputStream outputStream, ExcelTypeEnum typeEnum) {
        super(outputStream, typeEnum);
        this.outputStream = outputStream;
    }

    public ExcelWriterFactroy write(List<? extends BaseRowModel> list, String sheetName,
                                    BaseRowModel object) {
        this.sheetNo++;
        try {
            Sheet sheet = new Sheet(sheetNo, 0, object.getClass());
            sheet.setSheetName(sheetName);
            this.write(list, sheet);
        } catch (Exception ex) {
            ex.printStackTrace();
            try {
                outputStream.flush();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        return this;
    }

    @Override
    public void finish() {
        super.finish();
        try {
            outputStream.flush();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

}

2，导出（根据数据表，导出为excel）

（1）pojo层

package cn.project.cnfedu.pojo;

import com.alibaba.excel.annotation.ExcelProperty;
import com.alibaba.excel.metadata.BaseRowModel;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonFormat;
import lombok.Data;
import org.springframework.format.annotation.DateTimeFormat;
import org.springframework.format.annotation.NumberFormat;
import java.util.Date;

//@EqualsAndHashCode(callSuper = true)
@Data
public class StudentExcelFileModel extends BaseRowModel {
    /**
     * value: 表头名称
     * index: 列的号, 0表示第一列
     */
    //学员编号
    @ExcelProperty(value = "序号", index = 0)
    private Long id;
    //学员姓名
    @ExcelProperty(value = "姓名", index = 1)
    private String name;
    //学员手机号码
    @ExcelProperty(value = "手机", index = 2)
    private String phone;
    //学员qq号
    @ExcelProperty(value = "qq", index = 3)
    private String qq;
    //学员微信号
    @ExcelProperty(value = "微信", index = 4)
    private String wechat;
    //学员性别
    @ExcelProperty(value = "性别", index = 5)
    private Integer gender;
    //上课城区
    @ExcelProperty(value = "上课城区", index = 6)
    private Integer areaid;
    //上课地址
    @ExcelProperty(value = "上课地址", index = 7)
    private String address;
    //年级
    @ExcelProperty(value = "年级", index = 8)
    private Integer gradeid;
    //辅导科目
    @ExcelProperty(value = "辅导科目", index = 9)
    private String subject;
    //每周次数
    @ExcelProperty(value = "每周次数", index = 10)
    private Integer num;
    //每次时数
    @ExcelProperty(value = "每周时数", index = 11)
    private Integer hour;
    //可授课时间
    @ExcelProperty(value = "可授课时间", index = 12)
    private String teachingtimeid;
    //学员情况描述
    @ExcelProperty(value = "学员描述情况", index = 13)
    private String desc;
    //教员性别
    @ExcelProperty(value = "教员性别", index = 14)
    private Integer teacherGender;
    //教员类别
    @ExcelProperty(value = "教员类别", index = 15)
    private Integer teachertype;
    //对教员要求
    @ExcelProperty(value = "对教员的要求", index = 16)
    private String teacherwant;
    //支付报酬  decimal  BigDecimal
    @ExcelProperty(value = "薪资要求", index = 17)
    @NumberFormat(pattern="#.##")
    private double payment;
    //学员密码
    @ExcelProperty(value = "密码", index = 18)
    private String password;
    //学员状态
    @ExcelProperty(value = "学员状态", index = 19)
    private Integer stuStatus;
    //是否已经支付
    @ExcelProperty(value = "是否支付", index = 20)
    private Integer ispay;
    //籍贯
    @ExcelProperty(value = "籍贯", index = 21)
    private Integer nativeplace;
    //学员审核状态
    @ExcelProperty(value = "学员审核状态", index = 22)
    private Integer stuAuditstatus;
    //检索ID
    @ExcelProperty(value = "检索id", index = 23)
    private Long indexid;
    //预约情况
    @ExcelProperty(value = "预约情况", index = 24)
    private Integer appointment;
    //创建者编号
    @ExcelProperty(value = "创建者", index = 25)
    private Integer createdby;
    //创建时间
    @DateTimeFormat(pattern="yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")
    @JsonFormat(pattern = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")
    @ExcelProperty(value = "创建时间", index = 26)
    private Date creationdate;
    //修改者编号
    @ExcelProperty(value = "修改者", index = 27)
    private Integer modifyby;
    //修改时间
    @DateTimeFormat(pattern="yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")
    @JsonFormat(pattern = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")
    @ExcelProperty(value = "修改时间", index = 28)
    private Date modifyDate;
}

（2）dao层

@Mapper
public interface ExcelStudentMapper {
    //导出excel的方法
    List getAllStudent();
    }

（3）xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd" >
<mapper namespace="cn.project.cnfedu.dao.ExcelStudentMapper" >
    <resultMap id="BaseResultMap" type="cn.project.cnfedu.pojo.StudentExcelFileModel2">
        <id column="id" property="id" jdbcType="BIGINT"/>
        <result column="name" property="name" jdbcType="VARCHAR"/>
        <result column="phone" property="phone" jdbcType="VARCHAR"/>
        <result column="qq" property="qq" jdbcType="VARCHAR"/>
        <result column="weChat" property="wechat" jdbcType="VARCHAR"/>
        <result column="gender" property="gender" jdbcType="INTEGER"/>
        <result column="areaId" property="areaid" jdbcType="INTEGER"/>
        <result column="address" property="address" jdbcType="VARCHAR"/>
        <result column="gradeId" property="gradeid" jdbcType="INTEGER"/>
        <result column="subject" property="subject" jdbcType="VARCHAR"/>
        <result column="num" property="num" jdbcType="INTEGER"/>
        <result column="hour" property="hour" jdbcType="INTEGER"/>
        <result column="teachingTimeId" property="teachingtimeid" jdbcType="VARCHAR"/>
        <result column="desc" property="desc" jdbcType="VARCHAR"/>
        <result column="teacherGender" property="teachergender" jdbcType="INTEGER"/>
        <result column="teacherType" property="teachertype" jdbcType="INTEGER"/>
        <result column="teacherWant" property="teacherwant" jdbcType="VARCHAR"/>
        <result column="payment" property="payment" jdbcType="DECIMAL"/>
        <result column="password" property="password" jdbcType="VARCHAR"/>
        <result column="stuStatus" property="stuStatus" jdbcType="INTEGER"/>
        <result column="isPay" property="ispay" jdbcType="INTEGER"/>
        <result column="nativePlace" property="nativeplace" jdbcType="INTEGER"/>
        <result column="stuAuditstatus" property="stuAuditstatus" jdbcType="INTEGER"/>
        <result column="indexId" property="indexid" jdbcType="BIGINT"/>
        <result column="Appointment" property="Appointment" jdbcType="INTEGER"/>
        <result column="createdBy" property="createdby" jdbcType="INTEGER"/>
        <result column="creationDate" property="creationdate" jdbcType="TIMESTAMP"/>
        <result column="modifyBy" property="modifyby" jdbcType="INTEGER"/>
        <result column="modifyDate" property="modifydate" jdbcType="TIMESTAMP"/>
    </resultMap>
    <sql id="Base_Column_List">
    id, `name`, phone,qq, weChat, gender, areaId, address, gradeId, subject, num, `hour`, teachingTimeId,
    `desc`, teacherGender, teacherType, teacherWant, payment, password, stuStatus, isPay,
    nativePlace, stuAuditStatus, indexId, Appointment, createdBy, creationDate, modifyBy,
    modifyDate
  </sql>

    <!--导出excel-->
    <select id="getAllStudent" resultType="StudentExcelFileModel">
        select id,`name`,phone,qq,wechat,gender,areaid,address,gradeid,subject,num,`hour`,teachingtimeid,
        `desc`,teachergender,teachertype,teacherwant,payment,password,stuStatus,ispay,nativeplace,stuAuditstatus,
        indexid,Appointment,createdby,creationdate,modifyby,modifydate
        from fedu_student
    </select>

（4）service

public interface ExcelService {
    //导出所有的学生
    List<StudentExcelFileModel> getAllStudent(HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException;
    }

（5）serviceimpl

import cn.project.cnfedu.service.ExcelService;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import javax.annotation.Resource;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

import java.util.List;


@Service

public class ExcelServiceImpl implements ExcelService  {
    @Resource
    private ExcelStudentMapper excelMapper;
    @Override
    public List<StudentExcelFileModel> getAllStudent(HttpServletResponse response)throws IOException {
       List<StudentExcelFileModel>list=excelMapper.getAllStudent();
        return list;
    }

（6）controller

package cn.project.cnfedu.controller;

import cn.project.cnfedu.pojo.StudentExcelFileModel;
import cn.project.cnfedu.pojo.StudentExcelFileModel2;
import cn.project.cnfedu.service.ExcelService;


import cn.project.cnfedu.utils.ExcelUtil;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;

import javax.annotation.Resource;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/excel")
public class ExcelController {
    @Resource
    private ExcelService excelService;

    //导出
    @GetMapping(value="/export")
    public void exportStudentinfo(HttpServletResponse response){
        try {
            List<StudentExcelFileModel> list=excelService.getAllStudent(response);

            //excel的名称
            String fileName="导出学生";
            String sheetName = "学生列表";
            ExcelUtil.writeExcel(response, list, fileName, sheetName, new StudentExcelFileModel());

        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

fileName就是excel文件名，先查询出list。再调用writeExcel方法。将list丢进去。

（7）测试
直接用谷歌浏览器访问接口即可

在这里插入图片描述

自动下载
在这里插入图片描述
打开后数据正常
在这里插入图片描述

3，导入（excel表导入数据库，请准备一个空表）

（1）pojo

package cn.project.cnfedu.pojo;

import com.alibaba.excel.annotation.ExcelProperty;
import com.alibaba.excel.metadata.BaseRowModel;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonFormat;
import lombok.Data;
import org.springframework.format.annotation.DateTimeFormat;
import org.springframework.format.annotation.NumberFormat;

import java.util.Date;

@Data
public class StudentExcelFileModel2 extends BaseRowModel {
    //学员编号
    @ExcelProperty(index = 0)
    private Long id;
    //学员姓名
    @ExcelProperty(index = 1)
    private String name;
    //学员手机号码
    @ExcelProperty(index = 2)
    private String phone;
    //学员qq号
    @ExcelProperty(index = 3)
    private String qq;
    //学员微信号
    @ExcelProperty(index = 4)
    private String wechat;
    //学员性别
    @ExcelProperty(index = 5)
    private Integer gender;
    //上课城区
    @ExcelProperty(index = 6)
    private Integer areaid;
    //上课地址
    @ExcelProperty(index = 7)
    private String address;
    //年级
    @ExcelProperty(index = 8)
    private Integer gradeid;
    //辅导科目
    @ExcelProperty(index = 9)
    private String subject;
    //每周次数
    @ExcelProperty(index = 10)
    private Integer num;
    //每次时数
    @ExcelProperty(index = 11)
    private Integer hour;
    //可授课时间
    @ExcelProperty(index = 12)
    private String teachingtimeid;
    //学员情况描述
    @ExcelProperty(index = 13)
    private String desc;
    //ljs
    //教员性别
    @ExcelProperty(index = 14)
    private Integer teacherGender;
    //教员类别
    @ExcelProperty(index = 15)
    private Integer teachertype;
    //对教员要求
    @ExcelProperty(index = 16)
    private String teacherwant;
    //支付报酬  decimal  BigDecimal
    @ExcelProperty(index = 17)
    @NumberFormat(pattern="#.##")
    private double payment;
    //学员密码
    @ExcelProperty(index = 18)
    private String password;
    //学员状态
    @ExcelProperty(index = 19)
    private Integer stuStatus;
    //是否已经支付
    @ExcelProperty(index = 20)
    private Integer ispay;
    //籍贯
    @ExcelProperty(index = 21)
    private Integer nativeplace;
    //学员审核状态
    @ExcelProperty(index = 22)
    private Integer stuAuditstatus;
    //检索ID
    @ExcelProperty(index = 23)
    private Long indexid;
    //预约情况
    @ExcelProperty(index = 24)
    private Integer Appointment;
    //创建者编号
    @ExcelProperty(index = 25)
    private Integer createdby;
    //创建时间
    @DateTimeFormat(pattern="yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")
    @JsonFormat(pattern = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")
    @ExcelProperty(index = 26)
    private Date creationdate;
    //修改者编号
    @ExcelProperty(index = 27)
    private Integer modifyby;
    //修改时间
    @DateTimeFormat(pattern="yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")
    @JsonFormat(pattern = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")
    @ExcelProperty(index = 28)
    private Date modifyDate;
}

（2）dao

    //excel导入数据库的方法
   int getTabsByConditionLike(StudentExcelFileModel2 studentExcelFileModel2);

（3）xml

 <!--导入-->

    <insert id="getTabsByConditionLike" parameterType="StudentExcelFileModel2">
        insert into fedu_student (<include refid="Base_Column_List"/>)
        values
            (#{id},#{name},#{phone},#{qq},#{wechat},#{gender},#{areaid},#{address},#{gradeid},
            #{subject},#{num},#{hour},#{teachingtimeid},#{desc},#{teacherGender},#{teachertype},
            #{teacherwant},#{payment},#{password},#{stuStatus},#{ispay},#{nativeplace},#{stuAuditstatus},
            #{indexid},#{appointment},#{createdby},now(),#{modifyby},#{modifyDate})
    </insert>

（4）service

   //excel导入数据库的方法
    int getTabsByConditionLike(StudentExcelFileModel2 studentExcelFileModel2);

（5）serviceImpl

@Override
    public int getTabsByConditionLike(StudentExcelFileModel2 studentExcelFileModel2) {
        return excelMapper.getTabsByConditionLike(studentExcelFileModel2);
    }

（6）##controller

 //导入
    @PostMapping(value="/import")
    public void importStudentinfo(@RequestParam("file") MultipartFile excel){
        try {
         List list=  ExcelUtil.readExcel(excel,new StudentExcelFileModel2());
         //调用底层数据库批量插入
            int count=0;
            for(Object obj:list){
                /*System.out.println(((StudentExcelFileModel2)obj).getId());*/
                count=excelService.getTabsByConditionLike(((StudentExcelFileModel2)obj));
                count++;
            }
            Map<String,Object>map=new HashMap<>();
            if(count!=0){
                map.put("msg","插入成功");
                map.put("result",true);
                map.put("data","受影响行数"+count);
            }else{
                map.put("msg","插入失败");
                map.put("result",false);
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

注意点：导入的尽量用post请求。因为是multipart文件导入。post请求请给@requestparam，并且接口请求时候一定要指定这个file。。。否则会有错。
这里我采用for循环，插入数据库。

（7）测试用postman
先准备一个空表。
在这里插入图片描述

删了跑路
在这里插入图片描述

打开postman
（1）这里填好
在这里插入图片描述

（2）设置headers
在这里插入图片描述

（3）设置body，选择刚才导出来的excel，放进去
在这里插入图片描述

（4）
在这里插入图片描述

（5）
在这里插入图片描述

可以点发送了

在这里插入图片描述
看控制台很没有毛病

再看看刚才删掉的表。。。

在这里插入图片描述

悦读

道可道，非常道；名可名，非常名。 无名，天地之始，有名，万物之母。 故常无欲，以观其妙，常有欲，以观其徼。 此两者，同出而异名，同谓之玄，玄之又玄，众妙之门。

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