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又是一年一度的圣诞节快到了，作为程序猿那必须露一手，最终效果图如下：
目录
1.turtle库
turtle（海龟）是Python重要的标准库之一，它能够进行基本的图形绘制，其概念诞生于1969年。turtle是最有价值的程序设计入门实践库,它是程序设计入门层面最常用的基本绘图库。
turtle的绘图原理：
- 有一只海龟处于画布正中心，由程序控制在画布上游走；
- 海龟走过的轨迹形成了绘制的图形
- 海龟由程序控制，可改变其大小，颜色等
2.实现步骤
（1）导入库
from turtle import *
from random import *
import math（2）定义基本绘图方法
def Rightdraw(Range,Fd,Right):
for i in range(Range): # Range循环次数
fd(Fd) # 向前Fd个距离
right(Right) #在当前行进方向再向右偏转Right度
def Leftdraw(Range,Fd,Left):
for i in range(Range): # Range循环次数
fd(Fd) # 向前Fd个距离
left(Left) #在当前行进方向再向右偏转Right度
def changeMypos(x,y,range=heading(),Fd=0):
penup()
goto(x, y)
seth(range)
fd(Fd)
pendown()
def drawBranch(x,y,size=1):
changeMypos(x,y)
Leftdraw(6,3,9)
seth(0)
Rightdraw(6,3,9)
seth(0)
fd(6)（3）画树身
# 树顶层
seth(-120)
Rightdraw(10,12,2)
changeMypos(0,185,-60)
Leftdraw(10,12,2)
changeMypos(xcor(),ycor(),-150,10)
# 第一层的波浪
for i in range(4):
Rightdraw(5,7,15)
seth(-150)
penup()
fd(2)
pendown()
# 二层
changeMypos(-55,70,-120)
Rightdraw(10,8,5)
changeMypos(50,73,-60)
Leftdraw(10,8,5)
changeMypos(xcor(),ycor(),-120,10)
seth(-145)
pendown()
# 第二层的波浪
for i in range(5):
Rightdraw(5,9,15)
seth(-152.5)
penup()
fd(3)
pendown()
# 树三层
changeMypos(-100,0,-120)
Rightdraw(10,6.5,4.5)
changeMypos(80,0,-50)
Leftdraw(10,6,3)
changeMypos(xcor(),ycor(),-120,10)
seth(-145)
# 第三次的波浪
for i in range(6):
Rightdraw(5,9,15)
seth(-152)
penup()
fd(3)
pendown()
# 树四层
changeMypos(-120,-55,-130)
Rightdraw(7,10,4)
changeMypos(100,-55,-50)
Leftdraw(7,10,5)
changeMypos(xcor(),ycor(),-120,10)
seth(-155)
# 第四层的波浪
for i in range(7):
Rightdraw(5,9,13)
seth(-155)
penup()
fd(3)
pendown()
# 树根
changeMypos(-70,-120,-85)
Leftdraw(3,8,3)
changeMypos(70,-120,-95)
Rightdraw(3,8,3)
changeMypos(xcor(),ycor(),-170,10)
Rightdraw(10,12,2)
# 画树枝
drawBranch(45,-80)
drawBranch(-70,-25)
drawBranch(-20,40)（4）画装饰小物件
五角星
# 画五角星
def drawStar(x,y,Range,size):
pensize(1)
color("red","yellow")
begin_fill()
changeMypos(x,y,Range)
for i in range(5): #画五角星
forward(10*size)
right(144) #五角星的角度
forward(10*size)
left(72) #继续换角度
end_fill()
right(126)雪花
# 绘制雪花
def drawSnow():
hideturtle()
speed(0)
pencolor("white")
pensize(2)
for i in range(80): # 雪花数量
changeMypos(randint(-248,248),randint(-100,248))
petalNumber = 6 # 雪花花瓣数为6
snowSize = int(randint(2,10))
for j in range(petalNumber):
fd(snowSize)
backward(snowSize)
right(360/petalNumber)圣诞袜子
# 圣诞袜子
def drawSock(x,y,range,size=1):
# 绘制袜子的白边
pensize(1)
changeMypos(x,y,range)
color("black","white")
begin_fill()
fd(20*size)
circle(3*size,180)
fd(20*size)
circle(3*size,180)
end_fill()
# 绘制袜子的下半部分
color("white","red")
begin_fill()
startx = x+2*size*math.cos(math.radians(range))
starty = y+2*size*math.sin(math.radians(range))
finalx = x+18*size*(math.cos(math.radians(range)))
finaly = y+18*size*(math.sin(math.radians(range)))
changeMypos(startx,starty,range-90)
fd(20*size) # 圆弧距离白边40
seth(180+range)
fd(5*size) # 向袜子头延伸10
circle(7*size,180) #袜子头处的半圆形
fd(21*size) #袜子宽42
seth(90+range)
d = distance(finalx,finaly) #找到袜子底部与白边的距离
fd(d)
seth(range+180)
fd(16*size)
end_fill()圣诞帽
# 圣诞帽
def drawHat(x,y,range,size=1):
# 绘制帽白边
pensize(1)
changeMypos(x,y,range)
color("white","white")
begin_fill()
fd(20*size)
circle(-3*size,180)
fd(20*size)
circle(-3*size,180)
end_fill()
# 绘制帽子上半部分
color("white","red")
begin_fill()
startx = x+2*size*math.cos(math.radians(range))
starty = y+2*size*math.sin(math.radians(range))
finalx = x+18*size*(math.cos(math.radians(range)))
finaly = y+18*size*(math.sin(math.radians(range)))
changeMypos(startx,starty,range+90)
Rightdraw(18,2*size,7)
seth(190)
Leftdraw(9,2*size,8)
goto(finalx,finaly)
goto(startx,starty)
end_fill()
# 绘制圣诞帽上的小球
changeMypos(startx,starty,range+90)
Rightdraw(18,2*size,7)
begin_fill()
color("white","white")
circle(-2.5*size)
end_fill()彩带
# 绘制彩带
def drawRibbon(x,y,range,size):
begin_fill()
color("red","red")
seth(range+40)
fd(15*size*math.tan(math.radians(range+40)))
seth(range+90)
fd(20/3*size)
seth(range-140)
fd(15*size*math.tan(math.radians(range+40)))
seth(range-90)
fd(20/3*size)
end_fill()糖果
# 圣诞糖果
def drawCandy(x,y,range,size):
# 绘制糖体
pensize(1)
changeMypos(x,y,range)
color("white","white")
begin_fill()
startx = x+2*size*math.cos(math.radians(range))
starty = y+2*size*math.sin(math.radians(range))
finalx = x+8*size*(math.cos(math.radians(range)))
finaly = y+8*size*(math.sin(math.radians(range)))
changeMypos(startx,starty,range+90,40*size)
circle(-40/3*size,180)
circle(-8/3*size,180)
circle(22/3*size,180)
goto(finalx,finaly)
goto(startx,starty)
end_fill()
# 绘制下面三条彩带
color("white")
changeMypos(startx,starty,range+90)
fd(10/3*size)
drawRibbon(xcor(),ycor(),range,size)
changeMypos(xcor(),ycor(),range+90,13.3*size)
drawRibbon(xcor(),ycor(),range,size)
changeMypos(xcor(),ycor(),range+90,13.3*size)
drawRibbon(xcor(),ycor(),range,size)
# 绘制弧线段的彩带
changeMypos(startx,starty,range+90,40*size)
circle(-13.3*size,55)
x1 =xcor()
y1 =ycor()
begin_fill()
circle(-13.3*size,80)
right(75)
fd(6.3*size)
right(115)
circle(7*size,85)
goto(x1,y1)
end_fill()（5）祝福语
# 祝福语
color("dark red","red") #定义字体颜色
penup()
goto(0,-230)
write("Merry Christmas",align ="center",font=("Comic Sans MS",40,"bold"))#定义文字、位置、字体、大小3.完整代码
from turtle import *
from random import *
import math
# 绘图方法
def Rightdraw(Range,Fd,Right):
for i in range(Range): # Range循环次数
fd(Fd) # 向前Fd个距离
right(Right) #在当前行进方向再向右偏转Right度
def Leftdraw(Range,Fd,Left):
for i in range(Range): # Range循环次数
fd(Fd) # 向前Fd个距离
left(Left) #在当前行进方向再向右偏转Right度
# 背景改为黑色
screensize(bg='black')
# 重设海龟位置
def changeMypos(x,y,range=heading(),Fd=0):
penup()
goto(x, y)
seth(range)
fd(Fd)
pendown()
def drawBranch(x,y,size=1):
changeMypos(x,y)
Leftdraw(6,3,9)
seth(0)
Rightdraw(6,3,9)
seth(0)
fd(6)
# 画五角星
def drawStar(x,y,Range,size):
pensize(1)
color("red","yellow")
begin_fill()
changeMypos(x,y,Range)
for i in range(5): #画五角星
forward(10*size)
right(144) #五角星的角度
forward(10*size)
left(72) #继续换角度
end_fill()
right(126)
# 绘制雪花
def drawSnow():
hideturtle()
speed(0)
pencolor("white")
pensize(2)
for i in range(80): # 雪花数量
changeMypos(randint(-248,248),randint(-100,248))
petalNumber = 6 # 雪花花瓣数为6
snowSize = int(randint(2,10))
for j in range(petalNumber):
fd(snowSize)
backward(snowSize)
right(360/petalNumber)
# 圣诞袜子
def drawSock(x,y,range,size=1):
# 绘制袜子的白边
pensize(1)
changeMypos(x,y,range)
color("black","white")
begin_fill()
fd(20*size)
circle(3*size,180)
fd(20*size)
circle(3*size,180)
end_fill()
# 绘制袜子的下半部分
color("white","red")
begin_fill()
startx = x+2*size*math.cos(math.radians(range))
starty = y+2*size*math.sin(math.radians(range))
finalx = x+18*size*(math.cos(math.radians(range)))
finaly = y+18*size*(math.sin(math.radians(range)))
changeMypos(startx,starty,range-90)
fd(20*size) # 圆弧距离白边40
seth(180+range)
fd(5*size) # 向袜子头延伸10
circle(7*size,180) #袜子头处的半圆形
fd(21*size) #袜子宽42
seth(90+range)
d = distance(finalx,finaly) #找到袜子底部与白边的距离
fd(d)
seth(range+180)
fd(16*size)
end_fill()
# 圣诞帽
def drawHat(x,y,range,size=1):
# 绘制帽白边
pensize(1)
changeMypos(x,y,range)
color("white","white")
begin_fill()
fd(20*size)
circle(-3*size,180)
fd(20*size)
circle(-3*size,180)
end_fill()
# 绘制帽子上半部分
color("white","red")
begin_fill()
startx = x+2*size*math.cos(math.radians(range))
starty = y+2*size*math.sin(math.radians(range))
finalx = x+18*size*(math.cos(math.radians(range)))
finaly = y+18*size*(math.sin(math.radians(range)))
changeMypos(startx,starty,range+90)
Rightdraw(18,2*size,7)
seth(190)
Leftdraw(9,2*size,8)
goto(finalx,finaly)
goto(startx,starty)
end_fill()
# 绘制圣诞帽上的小球
changeMypos(startx,starty,range+90)
Rightdraw(18,2*size,7)
begin_fill()
color("white","white")
circle(-2.5*size)
end_fill()
# 绘制彩带
def drawRibbon(x,y,range,size):
begin_fill()
color("red","red")
seth(range+40)
fd(15*size*math.tan(math.radians(range+40)))
seth(range+90)
fd(20/3*size)
seth(range-140)
fd(15*size*math.tan(math.radians(range+40)))
seth(range-90)
fd(20/3*size)
end_fill()
# 圣诞糖果
def drawCandy(x,y,range,size):
# 绘制糖体
pensize(1)
changeMypos(x,y,range)
color("white","white")
begin_fill()
startx = x+2*size*math.cos(math.radians(range))
starty = y+2*size*math.sin(math.radians(range))
finalx = x+8*size*(math.cos(math.radians(range)))
finaly = y+8*size*(math.sin(math.radians(range)))
changeMypos(startx,starty,range+90,40*size)
circle(-40/3*size,180)
circle(-8/3*size,180)
circle(22/3*size,180)
goto(finalx,finaly)
goto(startx,starty)
end_fill()
# 绘制下面三条彩带
color("white")
changeMypos(startx,starty,range+90)
fd(10/3*size)
drawRibbon(xcor(),ycor(),range,size)
changeMypos(xcor(),ycor(),range+90,13.3*size)
drawRibbon(xcor(),ycor(),range,size)
changeMypos(xcor(),ycor(),range+90,13.3*size)
drawRibbon(xcor(),ycor(),range,size)
# 绘制弧线段的彩带
changeMypos(startx,starty,range+90,40*size)
circle(-13.3*size,55)
x1 =xcor()
y1 =ycor()
begin_fill()
circle(-13.3*size,80)
right(75)
fd(6.3*size)
right(115)
circle(7*size,85)
goto(x1,y1)
end_fill()
setup(500,500,startx = None,starty = None)
title("Merry Christmas")
speed(0)
pencolor("green")
pensize(10)
hideturtle()
changeMypos(0,185,0)
# 树顶层
seth(-120)
Rightdraw(10,12,2)
changeMypos(0,185,-60)
Leftdraw(10,12,2)
changeMypos(xcor(),ycor(),-150,10)
# 第一层的波浪
for i in range(4):
Rightdraw(5,7,15)
seth(-150)
penup()
fd(2)
pendown()
# 二层
changeMypos(-55,70,-120)
Rightdraw(10,8,5)
changeMypos(50,73,-60)
Leftdraw(10,8,5)
changeMypos(xcor(),ycor(),-120,10)
seth(-145)
pendown()
# 第二层的波浪
for i in range(5):
Rightdraw(5,9,15)
seth(-152.5)
penup()
fd(3)
pendown()
# 树三层
changeMypos(-100,0,-120)
Rightdraw(10,6.5,4.5)
changeMypos(80,0,-50)
Leftdraw(10,6,3)
changeMypos(xcor(),ycor(),-120,10)
seth(-145)
# 第三次的波浪
for i in range(6):
Rightdraw(5,9,15)
seth(-152)
penup()
fd(3)
pendown()
# 树四层
changeMypos(-120,-55,-130)
Rightdraw(7,10,4)
changeMypos(100,-55,-50)
Leftdraw(7,10,5)
changeMypos(xcor(),ycor(),-120,10)
seth(-155)
# 第四层的波浪
for i in range(7):
Rightdraw(5,9,13)
seth(-155)
penup()
fd(3)
pendown()
# 树根
changeMypos(-70,-120,-85)
Leftdraw(3,8,3)
changeMypos(70,-120,-95)
Rightdraw(3,8,3)
changeMypos(xcor(),ycor(),-170,10)
Rightdraw(10,12,2)
# 画树枝
drawBranch(45,-80)
drawBranch(-70,-25)
drawBranch(-20,40)
# 添加挂件
drawHat(-25,175,-10,2.5)
drawCandy(-75,-50,-10,1)
drawCandy(10,40,-10,1.2)
drawStar(110,-90,80,1)
drawStar(-120,-100,50,1)
drawStar(-90,-50,20,1)
drawStar(90,-25,30,1)
drawSock(10,-35,-10,2)
drawSock(-40,100,10,1)
drawStar(-20,40,30,1)
drawStar(10,120,90,1)
# 打印祝福语
color("dark red","red") #定义字体颜色
penup()
goto(0,-230)
write("Merry Christmas",align ="center",font=("Comic Sans MS",40,"bold"))#定义文字、位置、字体、大小
# 调用下雪的函数
drawSnow()
done()以上就是本次圣诞树的画法教程，其中里面的一些文字、颜色、参数等大家可自行调整绘制出自己喜欢的圣诞树~