蓝桥杯嵌入式模板的构建——STM32G431RB（LED和按键的配置）

Cube的基本配置

打开Cube 选择芯片的型号STM32G431RB

芯片型号的选型

systick的配置 :Debug默认配置就好了

如果芯片采用F1（M3）系列的就有讲究如果选择默认的配置，程序就只可以烧了一次，如果想再次烧了的话，就只能串口烧录才会边正常

如果是F4（M4）以上的系列就可以不用配置那个模式

时钟的配置

选择高速外部晶振 ----->外部晶振

时钟树的配置

外部晶振用24M 因为这是由于外部的电路决定的

需要改的选择HSE PLLCLK

24 3 20 最后得到的要80M！！！

中断分组的优先级配置

中断的分组都统一为4bit（如果systick的优先级改了15变成0的话 delay的优先级后面就不用改了如果没改的话就要改！！！）

因为这个涉及到了在串口里面写延时的函数，如果想用延时函数的话，systick的优先级一定要最高，不然程序会被卡在延时函数，不能够完成串口里面的功能

电路原理图

我们可以看出到PC8-PC15是单片机的led引脚，当给高电平的时候，LED不亮

PD2为芯片的锁存器的引脚，当为低电平的时候，数据不能通过，高电平数据可以通过。

总的来说就是：

LED的代码配置

GPIO_Output(PC8~PC15)高电平：不亮

GPIO_Output(PD2)低电平：不能写数据

PD2一定不要忘记了！！！

Key按键的IO口配置

原理图

按键的代码配置

GPIO_Input（PA0 PB0 PB1 PB2）

生成工程配置的选择

这里的配置都是通常的配置按照个人的习惯即可

按键和点灯的代码的配置

底层代码的分析：gpio文件里面写就好了

ucled这个值是为了方便我们对io口进行直接的点灯的操作

//函数名：LED_Disp
//入口参数：ucLed
//出口参数：void
//参数功能：LD8-LD1对应ucLed的8个位
void LED_Disp(uint8_t ucLed)
{
	//**将所有的灯熄灭
	HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOC, GPIO_PIN_13|GPIO_PIN_14|GPIO_PIN_15|GPIO_PIN_8
                          |GPIO_PIN_9|GPIO_PIN_10|GPIO_PIN_11|GPIO_PIN_12, GPIO_PIN_SET);
	HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOD,GPIO_PIN_2,GPIO_PIN_SET);
	HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOD,GPIO_PIN_2,GPIO_PIN_RESET);
	
	
	//根据ucLed的数值点亮相应的灯
	HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOC,ucLed<<8,GPIO_PIN_RESET);	
	HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOD,GPIO_PIN_2,GPIO_PIN_SET);
	HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOD,GPIO_PIN_2,GPIO_PIN_RESET);	
}

//KEY按键子函数
uint8_t Key_Scan(void)
{
	unsigned char unKey_Val = 0;
	
	if(HAL_GPIO_ReadPin(GPIOB,GPIO_PIN_0) == GPIO_PIN_RESET)
		unKey_Val = 1;
	
	if(HAL_GPIO_ReadPin(GPIOB,GPIO_PIN_1) == GPIO_PIN_RESET)
		unKey_Val = 2;
	
	if(HAL_GPIO_ReadPin(GPIOB,GPIO_PIN_2) == GPIO_PIN_RESET)
		unKey_Val = 3;
	
	if(HAL_GPIO_ReadPin(GPIOA,GPIO_PIN_0) == GPIO_PIN_RESET)
		unKey_Val = 4;
	
	return unKey_Val;	
}

main函数的分析：

变量声明区

/* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PM */
//***全局变量声明区
//**减速变量
__IO uint32_t uwTick_Led = 0;//控制Led_Proc的执行速度
__IO uint32_t uwTick_Key = 0;//控制Key_Proc的执行速度

//*LED专属变量
uint8_t ucLed =0;
 
//*按键专属变量
uint8_t ucKey_Val,ucKey_Down,ucKey_Up,ucKey_Old;

/* USER CODE END PM */

/* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/

/* USER CODE BEGIN PV */
//私有变量区


/* USER CODE END PV */

/* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/
void SystemClock_Config(void);
/* USER CODE BEGIN PFP */
//***子函数声明区

void Led_Proc(void);
void Key_Proc(void);

/* USER CODE END PFP */

while里面编写的函数

while (1)
  {
    /* USER CODE END WHILE */

    /* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */
		Key_Proc();
		Led_Proc();
  }
  /* USER CODE END 3 */

自己编写的函数

为什么要运用到减速函数呢？

因为减速函数可以当一个延时的作用不用没错whie里面都运行相应的子函数，节省cup的资源，另外uwTick（全局变量来的）这个值是系统定时间自带的一个计数的，如果有不懂的可以百度了解下。它是一个向上计数的，在系统运行的时候，不断加一，用来当延时函数非常的方便！！！

PS:Key_Proc里面涉及到了三行代码只要去看我之前写的博客就知道原理

/* USER CODE BEGIN 4 */
//***led扫描子函数

void Led_Proc(void)
{
	if((uwTick - uwTick_Led) < 200) return; //减速函数
		uwTick_Led = uwTick;
	
	LED_Disp(ucLed);
}


//***按键扫描子函数

void Key_Proc(void)
{
	if((uwTick - uwTick_Key) < 50) return; //减速函数
		uwTick_Key = uwTick;
	
	ucKey_Val = Key_Scan();
	ucKey_Down = ucKey_Val & (ucKey_Old ^ ucKey_Val);
	ucKey_Up = ~ucKey_Val & (ucKey_Old ^ ucKey_Val);
	ucKey_Old = ucKey_Val;
	
	if(ucKey_Down == 4)
	{
		 ucLed = 0x88;
	}
	if(ucKey_Down == 3)
	{
		 ucLed = 0x00;;
	}
	
}

/* USER CODE END 4 */

LED的配置在gpio.c 和gpio.h0修改文件即可，主要配置LED和KEY的相关底层代码

gpio.c

/* USER CODE BEGIN Header */
/**
  ******************************************************************************
  * @file    gpio.c
  * @brief   This file provides code for the configuration
  *          of all used GPIO pins.
  ******************************************************************************
  * @attention
  *
  * Copyright (c) 2022 STMicroelectronics.
  * All rights reserved.
  *
  * This software is licensed under terms that can be found in the LICENSE file
  * in the root directory of this software component.
  * If no LICENSE file comes with this software, it is provided AS-IS.
  *
  ******************************************************************************
  */
/* USER CODE END Header */

/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "gpio.h"

/* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */

/* USER CODE END 0 */

/*----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Configure GPIO                                                             */
/*----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */

/* USER CODE END 1 */

/** Configure pins as
        * Analog
        * Input
        * Output
        * EVENT_OUT
        * EXTI
*/
void MX_GPIO_Init(void)
{

  GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct = {0};

  /* GPIO Ports Clock Enable */
  __HAL_RCC_GPIOC_CLK_ENABLE();
  __HAL_RCC_GPIOF_CLK_ENABLE();
  __HAL_RCC_GPIOA_CLK_ENABLE();
  __HAL_RCC_GPIOB_CLK_ENABLE();
  __HAL_RCC_GPIOD_CLK_ENABLE();

  /*Configure GPIO pin Output Level */
  HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOC, GPIO_PIN_13|GPIO_PIN_14|GPIO_PIN_15|GPIO_PIN_8
                          |GPIO_PIN_9|GPIO_PIN_10|GPIO_PIN_11|GPIO_PIN_12, GPIO_PIN_SET);

  /*Configure GPIO pin Output Level */
  HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOD, GPIO_PIN_2, GPIO_PIN_RESET);

  /*Configure GPIO pins : PC13 PC14 PC15 PC8
                           PC9 PC10 PC11 PC12 */
  GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = GPIO_PIN_13|GPIO_PIN_14|GPIO_PIN_15|GPIO_PIN_8
                          |GPIO_PIN_9|GPIO_PIN_10|GPIO_PIN_11|GPIO_PIN_12;
  GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT_PP;
  GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
  GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_LOW;
  HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOC, &GPIO_InitStruct);

  /*Configure GPIO pin : PA0 */
  GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = GPIO_PIN_0;
  GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_INPUT;
  GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
  HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStruct);

  /*Configure GPIO pins : PB0 PB1 PB2 */
  GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = GPIO_PIN_0|GPIO_PIN_1|GPIO_PIN_2;
  GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_INPUT;
  GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
  HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStruct);

  /*Configure GPIO pin : PD2 */
  GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = GPIO_PIN_2;
  GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT_PP;
  GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
  GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_LOW;
  HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOD, &GPIO_InitStruct);

}

/* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */
//函数名：LED_Disp
//入口参数：ucLed
//出口参数：void
//参数功能：LD8-LD1对应ucLed的8个位
void LED_Disp(uint8_t ucLed)
{
	//**将所有的灯熄灭
	HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOC, GPIO_PIN_13|GPIO_PIN_14|GPIO_PIN_15|GPIO_PIN_8
                          |GPIO_PIN_9|GPIO_PIN_10|GPIO_PIN_11|GPIO_PIN_12, GPIO_PIN_SET);
	HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOD,GPIO_PIN_2,GPIO_PIN_SET);
	HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOD,GPIO_PIN_2,GPIO_PIN_RESET);
	
	
	//根据ucLed的数值点亮相应的灯
	HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOC,ucLed<<8,GPIO_PIN_RESET);	
	HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOD,GPIO_PIN_2,GPIO_PIN_SET);
	HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOD,GPIO_PIN_2,GPIO_PIN_RESET);	
}

//KEY按键子函数
uint8_t Key_Scan(void)
{
	unsigned char unKey_Val = 0;
	
	if(HAL_GPIO_ReadPin(GPIOB,GPIO_PIN_0) == GPIO_PIN_RESET)
		unKey_Val = 1;
	
	if(HAL_GPIO_ReadPin(GPIOB,GPIO_PIN_1) == GPIO_PIN_RESET)
		unKey_Val = 2;
	
	if(HAL_GPIO_ReadPin(GPIOB,GPIO_PIN_2) == GPIO_PIN_RESET)
		unKey_Val = 3;
	
	if(HAL_GPIO_ReadPin(GPIOA,GPIO_PIN_0) == GPIO_PIN_RESET)
		unKey_Val = 4;
	
	return unKey_Val;	
}


/* USER CODE END 2 */

gpio.h

/* USER CODE BEGIN Header */
/**
  ******************************************************************************
  * @file    gpio.h
  * @brief   This file contains all the function prototypes for
  *          the gpio.c file
  ******************************************************************************
  * @attention
  *
  * Copyright (c) 2022 STMicroelectronics.
  * All rights reserved.
  *
  * This software is licensed under terms that can be found in the LICENSE file
  * in the root directory of this software component.
  * If no LICENSE file comes with this software, it is provided AS-IS.
  *
  ******************************************************************************
  */
/* USER CODE END Header */
/* Define to prevent recursive inclusion -------------------------------------*/
#ifndef __GPIO_H__
#define __GPIO_H__

#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif

/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "main.h"

/* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */

/* USER CODE END Includes */

/* USER CODE BEGIN Private defines */

/* USER CODE END Private defines */

void MX_GPIO_Init(void);
/* USER CODE BEGIN Prototypes */
void Led_Disp(unsigned char ucLed);
uint8_t Key_Scan(void);	
	
/* USER CODE END Prototypes */

#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif
#endif /*__ GPIO_H__ */

主函数编写的相关代码：

/* USER CODE BEGIN Header */
/**
  ******************************************************************************
  * @file           : main.c
  * @brief          : Main program body
  ******************************************************************************
  * @attention
  *
  * Copyright (c) 2022 STMicroelectronics.
  * All rights reserved.
  *
  * This software is licensed under terms that can be found in the LICENSE file
  * in the root directory of this software component.
  * If no LICENSE file comes with this software, it is provided AS-IS.
  *
  ******************************************************************************
  */
/* USER CODE END Header */
/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "main.h"
#include "gpio.h"

/* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */

/* USER CODE END Includes */

/* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PTD */
 
/* USER CODE END PTD */

/* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PD */

/* USER CODE END PD */

/* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PM */
//***全局变量声明区
//**减速变量
__IO uint32_t uwTick_Led = 0;//控制Led_Proc的执行速度
__IO uint32_t uwTick_Key = 0;//控制Key_Proc的执行速度

//*LED专属变量
uint8_t ucLed =0;
 
//*按键专属变量
uint8_t ucKey_Val,ucKey_Down,ucKey_Up,ucKey_Old;

/* USER CODE END PM */

/* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/

/* USER CODE BEGIN PV */
//私有变量区


/* USER CODE END PV */

/* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/
void SystemClock_Config(void);
/* USER CODE BEGIN PFP */
//***子函数声明区

void Led_Proc(void);
void Key_Proc(void);

/* USER CODE END PFP */

/* Private user code ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */

/* USER CODE END 0 */

/**
  * @brief  The application entry point.
  * @retval int
  */
int main(void)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */

  /* USER CODE END 1 */

  /* MCU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------*/

  /* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */
  HAL_Init();

  /* USER CODE BEGIN Init */

  /* USER CODE END Init */

  /* Configure the system clock */
  SystemClock_Config();

  /* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit */

  /* USER CODE END SysInit */

  /* Initialize all configured peripherals */
  MX_GPIO_Init();
  /* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */

  /* USER CODE END 2 */

  /* Infinite loop */
  /* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */
  while (1)
  {
    /* USER CODE END WHILE */

    /* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */
		Key_Proc();
		Led_Proc();
  }
  /* USER CODE END 3 */
}

/**
  * @brief System Clock Configuration
  * @retval None
  */
void SystemClock_Config(void)
{
  RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct = {0};
  RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct = {0};

  /** Configure the main internal regulator output voltage
  */
  HAL_PWREx_ControlVoltageScaling(PWR_REGULATOR_VOLTAGE_SCALE1);
  /** Initializes the RCC Oscillators according to the specified parameters
  * in the RCC_OscInitTypeDef structure.
  */
  RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSE;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEState = RCC_HSE_ON;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_ON;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLSource = RCC_PLLSOURCE_HSE;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLM = RCC_PLLM_DIV3;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLN = 20;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLP = RCC_PLLP_DIV2;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLQ = RCC_PLLQ_DIV2;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLR = RCC_PLLR_DIV2;
  if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  /** Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB buses clocks
  */
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK
                              |RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_PLLCLK;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;

  if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_2) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
}

/* USER CODE BEGIN 4 */
//***led扫描子函数

void Led_Proc(void)
{
	if((uwTick - uwTick_Led) < 200) return; //减速函数
		uwTick_Led = uwTick;
	
	LED_Disp(ucLed);
}


//***按键扫描子函数

void Key_Proc(void)
{
	if((uwTick - uwTick_Key) < 50) return; //减速函数
		uwTick_Key = uwTick;
	
	ucKey_Val = Key_Scan();
	ucKey_Down = ucKey_Val & (ucKey_Old ^ ucKey_Val);
	ucKey_Up = ~ucKey_Val & (ucKey_Old ^ ucKey_Val);
	ucKey_Old = ucKey_Val;
	
	if(ucKey_Down == 4)
	{
		 ucLed = 0x88;
	}
	if(ucKey_Down == 3)
	{
		 ucLed = 0x00;;
	}
	
}

/* USER CODE END 4 */

/**
  * @brief  This function is executed in case of error occurrence.
  * @retval None
  */
void Error_Handler(void)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN Error_Handler_Debug */
  /* User can add his own implementation to report the HAL error return state */
  __disable_irq();
  while (1)
  {
  }
  /* USER CODE END Error_Handler_Debug */
}

#ifdef  USE_FULL_ASSERT
/**
  * @brief  Reports the name of the source file and the source line number
  *         where the assert_param error has occurred.
  * @param  file: pointer to the source file name
  * @param  line: assert_param error line source number
  * @retval None
  */
void assert_failed(uint8_t *file, uint32_t line)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN 6 */
  /* User can add his own implementation to report the file name and line number,
     ex: printf("Wrong parameters value: file %s on line %d\r\n", file, line) */
  /* USER CODE END 6 */
}
#endif /* USE_FULL_ASSERT */

蓝桥杯嵌入式模板的构建——STM32G431RB（LED和按键的配置）-其它文档类资源-CSDN下载这个模板亲测有效只写了按键三和按键4对LED进行点灯和灭灯的操作是博主写的博客的工程如果更多下载资源、学习资料请访问CSDN下载频道.https://download.csdn.net/download/pixjaofiaf62/85355846