《springboot中实现excel表格导出》
简介
在Spring Boot中，实现Excel表格导出的方式有很多种，以下是几种常见的方法：
- 使用Apache POI：Apache POI是一个开源的Java API，用于处理Microsoft Office文档格式，包括Excel电子表格。在Spring Boot中，可以使用Apache POI创建Excel文档，并将其写入HTTP响应中，以实现Excel表格的导出。
- 使用EasyPOI：EasyPOI是一个开源的Java API，用于处理Excel电子表格。它基于Apache POI和Jxls开发，提供了更加简单易用的API，可以帮助我们快速实现Excel表格的导出。
- 使用Jxls：Jxls是一个用于生成Excel报表的Java库。在Spring Boot中，可以使用Jxls创建Excel文档，并将其写入HTTP响应中，以实现Excel表格的导出。
- 使用第三方库：还有其他一些第三方的Java库可以用于生成Excel电子表格，例如Aspose.Cells、JExcelApi等，它们也可以在Spring Boot中使用，实现Excel表格的导出。
需要注意的是，无论使用哪种方法，都需要将Excel文档写入HTTP响应中，并设置正确的Content-Type和Content-Disposition头信息，以确保浏览器能够正确地识别Excel文档并下载它。
一、Apache POI
- maven依赖坐标
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
<artifactId>poi</artifactId>
<version>4.1.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
<artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId>
<version>4.1.2</version>
</dependency>
@RestController
public class ExcelController {
@GetMapping("/export")
public void exportExcel(HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
// 创建Excel文档
XSSFWorkbook workbook = new XSSFWorkbook();
XSSFSheet sheet = workbook.createSheet("Sheet1");
// 创建表头
XSSFRow header = sheet.createRow(0);
header.createCell(0).setCellValue("姓名");
header.createCell(1).setCellValue("年龄");
header.createCell(2).setCellValue("性别");
// 填充数据
List<User> users = getUserList();
int rowIndex = 1;
for (User user : users) {
XSSFRow row = sheet.createRow(rowIndex++);
row.createCell(0).setCellValue(user.getName());
row.createCell(1).setCellValue(user.getAge());
row.createCell(2).setCellValue(user.getGender());
}
// 设置响应头信息
response.setContentType("application/vnd.ms-excel");
response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment; filename=users.xlsx");
// 将Excel文档写入响应流中
ServletOutputStream outputStream = response.getOutputStream();
workbook.write(outputStream);
outputStream.flush();
outputStream.close();
}
// 模拟获取用户数据
private List<User> getUserList() {
List<User> users = new ArrayList<>();
users.add(new User("张三", 25, "男"));
users.add(new User("李四", 30, "女"));
users.add(new User("王五", 28, "男"));
return users;
}
// 用户实体类
private static class User {
private String name;
private int age;
private String gender;
public User(String name, int age, String gender) {
this.name = name;
this.age = age;
this.gender = gender;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
public String getGender() {
return gender;
}
public void setGender(String gender) {
this.gender = gender;
}
}
}
二、Easy POI
- maven依赖坐标
<dependency>
<groupId>cn.afterturn</groupId>
<artifactId>easypoi-base</artifactId>
<version>4.2.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>cn.afterturn</groupId>
<artifactId>easypoi-web</artifactId>
<version>4.2.0</version>
</dependency>
@RestController
public class ExcelController {
@GetMapping("/export")
public void exportExcel(HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
// 创建Excel文档
Workbook workbook = ExcelExportUtil.exportExcel(new ExportParams("用户列表", "用户信息"), User.class, getUserList());
// 设置响应头信息
response.setContentType("application/vnd.ms-excel");
response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment; filename=users.xlsx");
// 将Excel文档写入响应流中
ServletOutputStream outputStream = response.getOutputStream();
workbook.write(outputStream);
outputStream.flush();
outputStream.close();
}
// 模拟获取用户数据
private List<User> getUserList() {
List<User> users = new ArrayList<>();
users.add(new User("张三", 25, "男"));
users.add(new User("李四", 30, "女"));
users.add(new User("王五", 28, "男"));
return users;
}
// 用户实体类
private static class User {
@Excel(name = "姓名", orderNum = "0")
private String name;
@Excel(name = "年龄", orderNum = "1")
private int age;
@Excel(name = "性别", orderNum = "2")
private String gender;
public User(String name, int age, String gender) {
this.name = name;
this.age = age;
this.gender = gender;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
public String getGender() {
return gender;
}
public void setGender(String gender) {
this.gender = gender;
}
}
}
三、Jxls
- maven依赖坐标
<dependency>
<groupId>org.jxls</groupId>
<artifactId>jxls</artifactId>
<version>2.14.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.jxls</groupId>
<artifactId>jxls-poi</artifactId>
<version>2.14.0</version>
</dependency>
@RestController
public class ExcelController {
@GetMapping("/export")
public void exportExcel(HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
// 加载Excel模板
InputStream inputStream = getClass().getResourceAsStream("/templates/user_template.xlsx");
Workbook workbook = WorkbookFactory.create(inputStream);
// 填充数据
List<User> users = getUserList();
Map<String, Object> model = new HashMap<>();
model.put("users", users);
JxlsHelper.getInstance().processTemplate(model, workbook.getSheetAt(0));
// 设置响应头信息
response.setContentType("application/vnd.ms-excel");
response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment; filename=users.xlsx");
// 将Excel文档写入响应流中
ServletOutputStream outputStream = response.getOutputStream();
workbook.write(outputStream);
outputStream.flush();
outputStream.close();
}
// 模拟获取用户数据
private List<User> getUserList() {
List<User> users = new ArrayList<>();
users.add(new User("张三", 25, "男"));
users.add(new User("李四", 30, "女"));
users.add(new User("王五", 28, "男"));
return users;
}
// 用户实体类
private static class User {
private String name;
private int age;
private String gender;
public User(String name, int age, String gender) {
this.name = name;
this.age = age;
this.gender = gender;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
public String getGender() {
return gender;
}
public void setGender(String gender) {
this.gender = gender;
}
}
}