题目:
Given an array containing n distinct numbers taken from 0, 1, 2, ..., n
, find the one that is missing from the array.
For example,
Given nums = [0, 1, 3]
return 2
.
Note:
Your algorithm should run in linear runtime complexity. Could you implement it using only constant extra space complexity?
题意:
给定一个包含n个不同数的数组,其中数组元素来自序列0,1,2,……,n。找出数组在0,1,2,……,n序列中缺失的那个数。要求用线性时间复杂度,以及常数个空间。
代码:
class Solution(object):
def missingNumber(self, nums):
"""
:type nums: List[int]
:rtype: int
"""
n = len(nums) #统计数组包含数字个数
sum1 = n*(1+n)/2 #计算0,1,2,……,n序列所有的数字和,因为是等差数列,故用等差数列求和公式来计算
sum2 = 0 #记录数组nums的各个数字和
for x in nums :
sum2 += x
return sum1-sum2 #缺失的那个数即为sum1-sum2
笔记:
因为刚好序列是给定的,序列的和也就给定。然后缺失的那个数可以通过原来序列的和,减去nums中的序列和得到。